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Neuroscience > Spinal Cord Anatomy and Receptors > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Anatomy and Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

How many spinal nerves are and how many are in each section?

A

31 pairs

8 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
1 Coccygeal
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2
Q

What are afferent nerves?

A

Carry sensory signals to the brain

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3
Q

What are efferent nerves?

A

Carry motor signals to the muscles

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4
Q

What are the components of the somites?

A

Dermatome - Skin
Myotome - Muscle
Sclerotome - Skeleton

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5
Q

What is the C2 dermatome?

A

Back of head

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6
Q

What is the C6 dermatome?

A

Thumb and index finger

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7
Q

What is the T4 dermatome?

A

Nipples

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8
Q

What is the T10 dermatome?

A

Umbilicus

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9
Q

What is the L3 dermatome?

A

Kneecap

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10
Q

What is the S1 dermatome?

A

Lateral foot

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11
Q

What hole do the vertebral arteries go through?

A

Transverse Foramen

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12
Q

What comes in the posterior lateral sulcus?

A

The dorsal root (afferent)

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13
Q

What two bundles does the posterior intermediate sulcus separate?

A

Dorsal Funiculus

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14
Q

What is deep to the anterior median fissure?

A

Anterior Spinal Artery

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15
Q

What comes out the anterior lateral sulcus?

A

The ventral root (efferent)

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16
Q

What is the largest commissure in the brain?

A

Corpus Callosum

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17
Q

What is the posterior horn also called?

A

Dorsal Horn

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18
Q

What is the anterior horn also called?

A

Ventral Horn

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19
Q

What is the most important structure in the intermediate gray area?

A

Lateral Horn/IML

20
Q

What muscle in the head and next is not innervated by the SVE group?

A

Muscles of the eye and the tongue.

Done by CN III, IV, VI and XII

21
Q

What is the function of the alar plate?

A

Sensory

22
Q

What is the function of the basal plate?

A

Motor

23
Q

What is GSA?

A

General pain and sensation

24
Q

What is GVA?

A

Internal gut pain and sensation

25
Q

Where is the substantia gelatinosa and its function?

A

It is in the dorsal horn and its function is as a gateway for pain and it works with the adaptation to pain.

26
Q

What is the nucleus propius and where is it located?

A

It is apart of the spinothalamic tract, main tract relaying pain, and it is in the dorsal horn.

27
Q

What is the nucleus dorsalis and where is it located?

A

It is also known as Clark’s nucleus and it is found in the intermediate gray area from C8 to L3 and it relays information about the position of muscles to the cerebellum as the spinocerebellar tract.

28
Q

What is the intermediolateral nucleus and where is it located?

A

It is the IML and it is located in the intermediate gray area at the level of T1 to L3 and serves mainly GVE functions (autonomics).

29
Q

What is the intermediomedial nucleus and where is it located?

A

It is the IMM and it is in the IG area at all levels and it receives GVA signals

30
Q

What are the nuclei located in the anterior horn?

A

Medial and Lateral Motor Nuclei

31
Q

What are some things controlled by the medial motor nuclei?

A

Shoulder

32
Q

What are some things controlled by the lateral motor nuclei?

A

Fingers

33
Q

What vertebrae spinal level has the most gray matter?

A

S2

34
Q

What spinal levels have the least gray matter?

A

C2 and T10 (look very similar)

35
Q

What is SVA?

A

Taste and smell

36
Q

What is SSA?

A

Hearing, vision and balance

37
Q

What type of receptor is Merkel’s Disk?

A

Touch for the distal extremities and the genitalia.

Slow adapting

38
Q

What type of receptor is Meissner’s Corpuscle?

A

Allow for 2 point discrimination

Rapidly adapting

39
Q

What type of receptor is Pacinian Corpuscle?

A

Afferent nerve bundles that resembles onions

40
Q

What receptor relays stretching information?

A

Neuromuscular Spindle

41
Q

What receptor relays tension information?

A

Golgi Tendon Organ

42
Q

What kinds of receptors are capsulated?

A

Free Nerve Endings
Merkel’s Disk
Hair Follicles

43
Q

Describe the lateral division of the dorsal root afferens.

A

Thinly myelinated and it detects mainly pain and temperature

44
Q

Describe the medial division of the dorsal root afferens.

A

Heavily myelinated and it detects the 2-point touch, limb position and muscle stretch

45
Q

What are the corresponding nerves of the cervical enlargement?

A

C5-T1

Brachial Plexus

46
Q

What are the corresponding nerves of the lumbosacral enlargement?

A

L1-S2-S3

Lumbosacral Plexus

Neuroscience (19 decks)

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