Spinal Cord Flashcards
Spinal cord
Continuation of the
MEDULLA OBLONGATA🔥🦁
of the brainstem
Parts of meninges
Dura and Pia
Dura
Outermost spinal meninix
Pia
Inner most spinal meninix
Reflex Arc
Involuntary reaction to external stimulus,results in a reflex
Involuntary reflex arcs
Heartbeat rate, digestion, breathing rates
Automatic subconscious reactions
Coughing, sneezing, swallowing, vomiting
Peripheral nervous system
Includes cranial and spinal nerves, divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Somatic
Controls conscious activities
Autonomic
Controls unconscious activities
Autonomic system (ANS)
Helps deal with emergency situations, emotions, and physical activities
2 parts of the autonomic system
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Sympathetic division
Prepares body for stressful situations by increasing heart beat & breathing rates to flee from a threatening situation
Parasympathetic division
Operates under normal non-stressful conditions and relaxing the body after a stressful situation, this counterbalances the effects of sympathetic division, and it stimulates digestion, urination, and defecation
31 pairs of spinal nerves
Cervical (8) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacral (5) Coccygeal (1)
12 cranial nerves
Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abduncens, facial, vestibulocochelear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
Olfactory
Smell
Optic
Sight
Oculomotor
Movement of eyeballs and upper eyelid
Trochlear
Movement of eyeball, sensory and motor
Trigeminal
Chewing, sense of touch, temperature, pain in teeth and facial area, sensory and motor
Abduncens
Movement of eyeballs, abduction, sensory and motor
Facial
Control muscles of the facial expression, senses taste, parasympathetic controls tear and saliva, sensory and motor
Vagus
Skeletal muscle movement of head, sensory and motor
