Cell division

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

Makes somatic cells (body cells), asexual

Question 2

Multicellular organisms

Answer 2

Cell division allows them to grow

Question 3

Genetic information

Answer 3

Carried out on chromosomes

Question 4

Diploid

Answer 4

2 sets

Question 5

Haploid

Answer 5

1 set

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

Only visible during cell division, in form of chromatin

Question 7

Chromatin

Answer 7

Condenses to form chromosomes

Question 8

Sister chromatids

Answer 8

What chromosomes are replicated to form prior to cell division

Question 9

Centromere

Answer 9

Center of chromosome

Question 10

Cell cycle

Answer 10

Series of events where cells grow and divide, begins with interphase, contains 3 phases

Question 11

Interphase

Answer 11

Where the cell spends most of its time

Question 12

G1 phase

Answer 12

“Growth” increase in size and make proteins and organelle

Question 13

S phase

Answer 13

“Synthesis” chromosomes are replicated, proteins associated with chromosomes are made,
DNA IS REPLICATED

Question 14

G2 phase

Answer 14

Shortest organelles and molecules required for division are made

Question 15

M phase

Answer 15

Mitosis

Question 16

Prophase

Answer 16

Longest phase, chromatin condenses into chromosomes

Question 17

X

Answer 17

Each half is a sister chromatid and attached to centromere

Question 18

Centrides

Answer 18

(Animal cell) & microtubueles (all cells) (form mitotic spindle) appear & begin to migrate to opposite end of cell

Question 19

Spindle fibers

Answer 19

Attach to chromatids

Question 20

Metaphase

Answer 20

Middle shortest stage, sister chromatids pulled along the spindle fibers to the center of the cell

Question 21

Anaphase

Answer 21

Sister chromatids pulled apart, microtubules shorten, happens simultaneously

Question 22

Telephase

Answer 22

Chromosomes arrive at poles, 2 new nuclear membranes appear, nucleoli reappear, spindle apparatus dissolves

Question 23

Cytokinesis

Answer 23

Not part of Mitosis, division of cytoplasm,results in 2 cellar with 2 identical nuclei

Question 24

Cytokinesis- Animal cell

Answer 24

Cleavage furrow( microfilaments form punching 1 cell into 2)

Question 25

Cytokinesis - plant cell

Answer 25

Cell plate forms splitting cell into 2 and turns into cell wall

Question 26

Acronym for cell cycle

Answer 26

I P M A T C G A A S S C; I -Interphase P -Prophase M -Metaphase A -Anaphase T -Telophase C -Cytokinesis G -Growth A -Appearance A -Alignment S -Separation S -Splitting C -Complete split

Question 27

Meiosis

Answer 27

Process when gametes(sex cells) are made, reduces # of chromosomes to 1/2 the # of chromosomes in parent’s body

Question 28

Gametes

Answer 28

Sex cells; Male - sperm Female -egg

Question 29

Zygote

Answer 29

Union of 2 gametes; baby

Question 30

Meiosis 1

Answer 30

Chromosomes are copied ( replicated); responsible for law of independent assortment

Question 31

Meiosis 2

Answer 31

Pairs of chromosomes separate

Question 32

Tetrad/ synapsis

Answer 32

Crossing over

Question 33

Genetic diversity

Answer 33

Homologous chromosomes cross over each other and genes jump from 1 chromosome to another

Question 34

Arrangements or alleles

Answer 34

Determined by the way of homologous pairs that line up at the equator during metaphase 1

Question 35

Meiosis-Anaphase

Answer 35

Sister chromosomes separated

Question 36

Meiosis-Telophase 2

Answer 36

4 haploid cell’s are produced, each contains 1/2 the # of chromosomes or 23 individual chromosomes