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Spinal Exam 1 > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

In horizontal view, what direction of the spinal cord tends to be the largest?

A

Transverse

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2
Q

What are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each?

A

C3-T1, the cervical enlargement; T9-T12, the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement

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3
Q

Where is the greatest transverse diameter of the spinal cord?

A

C6

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4
Q

What is the generic cord level or origin - vertebral level combination for the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement?

A

L1, L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra
L3, L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra
L5, S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra
S2,S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

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5
Q

What is the caudal end of the spinal cord called?

A

Conus medullaris

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6
Q

What spinal nerves originate from the conus medullaris?

A

Typically S4, S5 and Co1

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7
Q

In which vertebral foramen will the conus medullaris typically be observed?

A

L1

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8
Q

What is the name given to the nerve roots below L1?

A

Cauda Equina

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9
Q

What is the continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris called?

A

Filum terminale internum

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10
Q

What is the location and name fiven to the area where all meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column?

A

Typically S2, the dural cul de sac

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11
Q

Neural tissue has been identified in what part of the filum terminale?

A

Proximal part of the filum terminale internum

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12
Q

What is the fate of the neural tissue identified along the filum terminale?

A

It joins peripheral nerve roots of spinal nerves as high as L3 and as low as S4

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13
Q

What dos the neural tissue associated with the filum terminale externum appear to innervate?

A

Lower limbs and the external anal sphincter

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14
Q

The last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram?

A

Cruciate anastomosis

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15
Q

What is the name given to the condensation of meninges below S2?

A

Filum terminale externum

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16
Q

What is the name given tot he caudal attachment of the meninges?

A

Coccygeal medullary vestige

17
Q

What is the name given tot he condition in which the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened?

A

Tethered cord syndrome

18
Q

What is the relationship between scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome?

A

It is suggested that the column will change normal curvatures to mitigate damage to the spinal cord

19
Q

What is the relationship between spinal nerve number, rib number and vertebral number in a thoracic intervertebral foramen?

A

The spinal nerve number relates to the upper segment number in the vertebral couple, the rib number relates to the lower segment number in the vertebral couple IE: T3 nerve exits the intervertebral foramen formed by T3/T4 and rib 4 joints with this vertebral couple

20
Q

Which mammals have more that seven cervical vertebrae?

A

ant bear and three-toed sloth

21
Q

Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?

A

two-toed sloth and manatee

22
Q

What is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine?

A

7 segments

23
Q

Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

A

C3-C6

24
Q

Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

A

C1, C2, C7

25
Q

What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

Rectangular

26
Q

What is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

A

Posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

27
Q

What would the direction of the typical cervical curve based on osseous features?

A

Posterior or Kyphotic

28
Q

What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

A

The intervertebral disc height

29
Q

What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

A

Anterior or Lordotic

30
Q

At what vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

A

C5/C6

31
Q

What is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body?

A

it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

32
Q

What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

A

Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

33
Q

What are the names of the lateral modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim?

A

Uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip

34
Q

At what developmental age will the uncinate process first be observed?

A

3rd-4th fetal month

35
Q

What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

A

anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral groove

36
Q

What are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim?

A

Lateral groove or enchancrure

37
Q

What is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

38
Q

What is the joint classification for the posterior lip-posterior groove articulation?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

39
Q

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

A

Modified Synovial saddle (diarthrosis) sellar

Spinal Exam 1 (7 decks)

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