Bone Classification & Features Flashcards
What are the six more commonly used classification of normal bone?
Long bones, Short bones, Flat bones, Irregular bones, Paranasal sinus/Pneumatic bones and sesamoid bones.
What are the classifications given to abnormal bone stressed in class?
Heterotopic and accessory bone
What is the name given to bone formed in a non-bone location?
Heterotopic bone
What is the name given to bone formed from existing bone?
Accessory bone
What is the characteristic feature of a long bone?
It is longer than it is across (Length greater than breadth)
What are the names given to the parts of a long bone?
The Diaphysis (shaft) and typically two epiphyses (extremities)
What is the primary characteristic of short bones?
They are essentially cuboidal
What are examples of short bones?
Most of the bones of the carpus and tarsus
What are examples of flat bone?
The parietal bone and sternum.
What are examples of Pneumatic bone?
Frontal, Ethmoid, Maxilla, Sphenoid, and Temporal
What is the characteristic of sesamoid bone?
The bone develops within a tendon
What are examples of heterotopic bone?
Calcific deposits in the pineal gland, heart, and ligamens
What are examples of accessory bone?
Para-articular processes and bony spurs of vertebrea
What are the four basic surface feature categories?
Elevations, Depressions, Tunnels/Passageways, and Facets
When do the surface features of bone become prominent?
During and after puberty
What are the types of osseous linear elevation?
The line, ridge, and crest
What are the types of rounded osseous elevations?
Tubercle, Protuberance, Trochanter, Tuber/Tuberosity and Malleolus
What are the categories of sharp osseous elevations?
Spine and process
What are the categories of osseous depressions?
Linear and rounded depressions
What are the categories of osseous linear depressions?
Notch/Incisure, groove, and sulcus
What re the categories of rounded osseous depression?
The fovea and fossa
What are the names given to opening on the surface of bone?
Ostium/Orifice and hiatis
What are the names given to osseous ostia which completely penetrate bone?
Foramen or Canal
What is the definition of osseous foramen?
An ostium passing completely through a thin region of bone.
What is the definition of an osseous canal?
An ostium passing completely through a thick region of bone.
What is the name given to an ostium which does not completely penetrate through a region of bone but appears as a blind-ended passageway?
Meatus
What is the definition of an osseous fissure?
An irregular slit-like or crack-like appearance between the surfaces of adjacent bones.
What are the categories of osseous facets?
Flat facets and rounded facets
What are the categories of rounded osseous facets?
Articular heads and articular condyles
