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Neurology > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

What helps protect the Spinal Cord?

A

The SC within the Spinal Canal of the vertebral column.

CSF and Meninges provide extra protection.

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2
Q

What are the 3 different Meningeal layers that protect the brain and Spinal cord?

A

Outer dura layer, middle Arachnoid matter, Inner Pia matter.

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3
Q

When does Elongation of the Spinal cord end?

A

Stopping around ages 4-5, but growth of the vertebral column continues.

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4
Q

Does the spinal cord go the entire length of the adult vertebral column?

A

Nope.

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5
Q

What are the 2 main enlargements of the Spinal Column?

A

Superior and Inferior, Cervical and Lumbar.

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6
Q

What does the Cervical Enlargement of the Spinal column consist of?

A

Extends from C4 - T1, nn’s to and from arise from cervicle enlargment.

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7
Q

What does the Lumbar Enlargement consist of?

A

Extends from T9 - T12, nn’s to and from lower limbs arise from lumbar enlargement.

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8
Q

What is the “Conus Medullaris”?

A

Inferior to the Lumbar Enlargement, the SC terminates as a tapering conical structure called the “Conus Medullaris” Which ends at the level of the Disc between L1-L2.

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9
Q

What arises from the Conus Medullaris?

A

The “Filum Terminale”.

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10
Q

What is the Function of the Filum Terminale?

A

An extension of Pia matter that extends inferiorly, fuses with the arachnoid matter and Dura matter.
(Anchors the SC to the Coccyx).

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11
Q

What are Spinal Nerves?

A

They’re the Paths of communications between the Spinal cord and specific regions of the body.

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12
Q

How many pairs of Cervical Nn’s are there?

A

There are 8 pairs (C1-C8).

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13
Q

How many pairs of Thoracic Nn’s are there?

A

There are 12 pairs (T1-T12).

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14
Q

How many pairs of Lumbar Nn’s are there?

A

There are 5 pairs (L1-L5).

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15
Q

How many pairs of Coccygeal Nn’s are there?

A

There is 1 pair of Coccygeal nn’s (Co1).

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16
Q

When Axons leave the SC what are they?

A

They leave the SC as Rootlets.

17
Q

What is a Rootlet?

A

There are Ventral & Dorsal Rootlets.
Ventral Rootlets, …
Dorsal Rootlets, …

18
Q

What does the anatomy of the SC consist of?

A

White matter, grey matter, Dorsal horn & Ventral Horn.

19
Q

What Surrounds the inner core or Grey matter in the SC?

A

White matter.

20
Q

What are the 2 Grooves that penetrate the White matter of the SC & divide it into Right and left Sides?

A

The Anterior Median Groove & The Posterior Median Sulcus.

21
Q

What is the Anterior median Groove?

A

This is a wide groove on the Anterior (Ventral) side.

22
Q

What is the Posterior Median Sulcus?

A

This is a Narrow furrow on the Posterior (Dorsal) side.

23
Q

What is the Grey Commissure?

A

This forms the Crossbar of the H in the cross section of the SC.

24
Q

Where is the Central Canal located?

A

A small space in the centre of the Grey Commissure.

It extends the entire length of the SC and is filled with CSF.

25
Q

What does the Posterior (Dorsal) Grey horns contain?

A

They contain “incoming sensory neurons”.

26
Q

What does the Anterior (Ventral) Grey horns contain?

A

They contain “Somatic Motor Nuclei”.

27
Q

Where are the Lateral Grey Horns located?

A

They are found between the Anterior and Posterior Grey horns.
Present only in Thoracic and Upper Lumbar SC.

28
Q

The white matter is organized into regions, What are they?

A

Anterior (Ventral) White columns, Posterior (Dorsal) White columns & Lateral White columns.

29
Q

What does each column of white matter consist of?

A

They each contain distinct bundles of Axons having common origin or destination and carrying similar info.

30
Q

What are nn bundles that Extend over long distances?

A

They would be called “Tracts”.

31
Q

What is Sensory (Ascending) Tracts?

A

They consist of Axons that conduct nn impulses toward the brain.

32
Q

What are Motor (Descending) Tracts?

A

They consist of Axons that carry nn impulses from the brain.
Sensory and motor tracts of the SC are continues with those of the brain.

33
Q

What happens to a Spinal Nerve after passing though the Intervertebral Foreman?

A

It decides into several branches.

These branches are known as RAMI.

34
Q

What is the Posterior (Dorsal) Ramus?

A

Serves the Deep mm and Skin of the posterior surface of the trunk.

35
Q

What is the Anterior (Ventral) Ramus?

A

…

Neurology (10 decks)

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