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NBS Spinal Anatomy > Spinal Anatomy PNS & ANS 21% (Cranial Nerves, ANS, & ENS) > Flashcards

Spinal Anatomy PNS & ANS 21% (Cranial Nerves, ANS, & ENS) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the saying to remember which cranial nerves are motor, sensory, or both?

A

Some say money matters but my brother says big boobs matter most

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2
Q

What is the saying to remember which opening each cranial nerve passes through?

A

Come On SOfia SOfia SOfia ROll OVer SOfia I AM In A Mood (for) JUGs JUGs JUGs Hello!

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3
Q

What is the function of the CN 1?

A

smell

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4
Q

What is the function of CN ll?

A

Vision

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5
Q

What is the function of CN lll?

A

Motor to the eye muscles EXCEPT lat. rectus & sup. Oblique

SO4 LR6/3

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6
Q

What is the function of CN lV?

A

Motor to superior oblique

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7
Q

What is the function of CN V?

A

Sensory: Face & tongue

Motor: Muscles of mastication

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8
Q

What are the branches of CN V?

A

V1 Ophthalmic

V2 Maxillary

V3 Mandibular

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9
Q

What is the function of CN Vl?

A

Motor to lateral rectus

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10
Q

What is the function of CN Vll?

A

Sensory: anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

Motor: Facial expression

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11
Q

What is the function of CN Vlll?

A

Balance & hearing (equilibrium)

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12
Q

What is the function of CN lX?

A

Sensory: Posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste)

Motor: secretion of parotid gland

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13
Q

What is the function of CN X?

A

Sensory: Bitter tast epiglottis; External auditory meatus

Motor: to larynx and pharynx

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14
Q

What is the function of CN Xl?

A

Motor to SCM & Trapezius

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15
Q

What is the function of CN Xll?

A

Motor to tongue

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16
Q

What is it called when you have a lesion of CN l and cannot smell?

A

anosmia

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17
Q

Which CN is associated with edinger Westphal?

A

CN lll

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18
Q

What is the largest CN?

A

CN V

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19
Q

What is the smallest CN?

A

CN lV

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20
Q

Which cranial nerve is affected in Bells Palsy?

A

CN Vll (superior salivary, branch of chorda tympani)

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21
Q

Damage to CN V can cause what condition? (known by two names)

A

Trigeminal neuroglia (Tic douloureux) pain of the Trigeminal nerve

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22
Q

What is the ganglion associated with CN Vlll?

A

Vestibular ganglion (of SCARPA)

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23
Q

What is the nucleus associated with CN lX?

A

Nucleus Ambiguous (inf. Salivatory)

24
Q

What is the aka for CN X?

A

Wanderer

25
Q

What is the nuclei associated with CN X?

A

Parasympathtic Dorsal Motor Nucleus

26
Q

What is the nucleus associated with CN XI?

A

Nucleus ambiguous

27
Q

What is the nucleus associated with CN Xll?

A

Hypoglossal

28
Q

What bone do most CN’s transverse through?

A

sphenoid

29
Q

When there is damage to the Vagus nerve it can be seen physically by what structure?

A

The uvula will point away from the side of lesion

30
Q

If there is damage to the hypoglossal nerve which way will the tongue point?

A

Towards the lesion

31
Q

Which CN are parasympathetic?

A

lll, Vll, lX, X (90% of body)

32
Q

Where does the middle meningeal artery exit?

A

foramen spinosum

33
Q

Where does the internal carotid artery exit?

A

Foramen lacerum

34
Q

Injury to the PTERION (jxn of sphenoid, temporal, frontal, and pareital bones) “hockey puck” can cause damage to what vasculature?

A

middle meningeal artery, possible death

35
Q

What does the ANS innervate?

A

involuntary structures such as heart, smooth muscle, and glands

36
Q

Where are the sympathetics located?

A

T1-L1/L2 (thoracics

37
Q

Which is true for sympathetics:

a. SHORT PREganglionic
b. SHORT POSTganglionic

A

a. SHORT PREganglionic

38
Q

Which is true for sympathetics:

a. LONG PREganglionic
b. LONG POSTganglionic

A

b. LONG POSTganglionic

39
Q

What neurotransmitter is released by the SHORT PREganglionic axons of the sympathetics?

A

ACH

40
Q

Which neurotransmitter is released by LONG POSTganglionic axons of the sympathetics?

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

41
Q

What do the parasympathetics consist of?

A

CN: lll, Vll, lX, X (mainly X)

S2-S4

42
Q

Which is true about parasympathetic axons?

a. SHORT PREganglionic
b. LONG PREganglionic

A

b. LONG PREganglionic

43
Q

Which is true for parasympathetic axons?

a. LONG POSTganglionic
b. SHORT POSTganglionic

A

b. SHORT POSTganglionic

44
Q

What is the only neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetics (both pre and postganglionic fibers)?

A

ACH

45
Q

Which is associated with chain ganglion?

a. sympathetics
b. parasympathetics

A

a. sympathetics

46
Q

What does the Enteric division control?

A

GI track

47
Q

What are the two types of neurons (ganglia) of the ANS?

A
  1. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)
  2. Submucosal (Meissner’s)
48
Q

Which of the following is motor innervation for both layers of tunica muscularis?

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)
b. Submucosal (Meissner’s)

A

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)

49
Q

Which of the following is both parasympathetic and sympathetic?

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)
b. Submucosal (Meissner’s)

A

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)

50
Q

Which of the following is secretomotor to lumen?

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)
b. Submucosal (Meissner’s)

A

b. Submucosal (meissner’s)

51
Q

Which of the following is parasympathetic only?

a. Myenteric (Auerbach’s)
b. Submucosal (Meissner’s)

A

b. submucosal (Meissner’s)

52
Q

How many enteric neurotransmitters are there?

A

over 30

53
Q

Where is 95% of serotonin and 50% of dopamine found?

A

in bowels

54
Q

What considered the 2nd brain of the body?

A

ENS

55
Q

What % of the immune system depends on the gut to kill invaders?

A

70%

56
Q

What part of the actual spinal cord are sympathetics associated with?

A

lateral horn

57
Q
A

NBS Spinal Anatomy (11 decks)

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