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Irene Gold > Spinal Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

which muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Styloglossus

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2
Q

which of these muscles have lumbar, thoracics and cervical divisions?

A

Illiocostalis

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3
Q

which connective tissue directly invests a bundle of peripheral nerve fibers?

A

perineurium

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4
Q

stretch receptor afferents from the lungs are transmitted in the ______ nerves.

A

Vagus nerve

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5
Q

cutaneous sensation to the area of the arm over the deltoid muscle is supplied by the _____ nerve root

A

C5

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6
Q

which splanchnic nerve transmits sympathetic innervation to the stomach?

A

Greater splanchnic (T5-9)

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7
Q

which ligament covers the interossueus sacroilliac ligament?

A

posterior sacroilliac

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8
Q

which of these represents the normal orientation of the inferior facets of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

anterior and lateral

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9
Q

cell bodies of gustatory fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are located in the ______ ganglion.

A

geniculate

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10
Q

efferent projections of the caudate neucleus and putamen pass primarily to the _______

A

globus pallidus

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11
Q

calcification of the _______ forms a posterior ponticle.

A

posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

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12
Q

what muscle inserts in to the fibrocartilaginous disc of the TMJ?

A

lateral pterygoid

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13
Q

which structure developes from the first pharyngeal arch?

A

tensor tympani

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14
Q

the transverse ridges of the sacrum are the remnants of the ______

A

IVD

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15
Q

which gyrus contains Broca’s area?

A

inferior frontal

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16
Q

the fiber pathways which connect different cortical regions on the same side of the brain are classified as _______ fibers

A

association

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17
Q

the Z joint is innervated by?

A

dorsal primary rami

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18
Q

the anterior belly of the digastric receives motor supply from _______

A

nerve to the mylohyoid

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19
Q

byfid SP’s are typical features of the ______ vertebrae

A

cervical

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20
Q

a lesion of which nerve will result in the patients inability to extend the great toe

A

L5= extend (s1=flexion)

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21
Q

the accessory processes of a lumbar vertebra arise from the _____ processes

A

T.P.

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22
Q

which of these thoracic wall muscles is not innervated by the intercostal nerve.

A

levator costarum (C8-T1 dorsal primary rami)

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23
Q

the lesser wings of the sphenoid end medially bu forming the ____ processes?

A

anterior clinoid

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24
Q

what muscle originates on the angle of the lower six ribs and inserts on the angles of the upper six ribs?

A

Illiocostalis

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25
Q

A lesion of the lateral funiculus that affects pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts is likely to result in signs that are consistent with a lesion in which location?

A

Upper Motor Neuron

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26
Q

the external occipital protuberence is best described as located _____

A

centrally within the superior nuchal line

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27
Q

which artery is a continuation of the internal carotid artery?

A

middle cerebral artery

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28
Q

what structure reabsorbs aqueous humor from the eye?

A

canal of schlem

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29
Q

which nerve normally pierces the anterior surface of the psoas major muscle?

A

genitofemoral nerve

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30
Q

the interspinous ligament is the thickest in which region of the spine?

A

lumbar

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31
Q

the median atlantoaxial joint is described as a _____ joint

A

pivot

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32
Q

the geniculate ganglion is the sensory ganglion of the _____ nerve

A

facial

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33
Q

the pyramidal deccusation occurs in the ________

A

medulla

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34
Q

the AC joint is classified as a ______ joint

A

plane

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35
Q

which dermatome is located on the lateral aspect of the foot?

A

S1

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36
Q

presence of hyaline cartilage is characteristic of what joint classification?

A

synchondrosis

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37
Q

in a patient with hydrocephalus, lateral and third ventricle are dilated, but the fourth ventricle is unaffected. what most likely is the structure?

A

cerebral aqueduct

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38
Q

the foramen rotundum connects middle cranial fossa with the ________.

A

pterygopalatine fossa

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39
Q

the medial lemniscus conducts sensory impulses for _______.

A

proprioception

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40
Q

the consentual light reflex involves which nucleus and which cranial nerve?

A

edinger westphal; 2 and 3

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41
Q

which cranial nerves are involved with the cough reflex?

A

9 and 10

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42
Q

the sneeze reflex involves which cranial nerve?

A

7 (facial)

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43
Q

which lobe of the cerebellum is involved in balance of the spine?

A

flocconodular

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44
Q

which capitis muscle is responsible for flexion of the head?

A

longus capitis

45
Q

what terminal division of the brachial plexus supplies the innervation to the thenar eminence?

A

median nerve

46
Q

what divission supplies the nerve innervation to the hypothenar eminence?

A

ulnar nerve

47
Q

what tract travels in the doral tracts of lissauer?

A

pain

48
Q

if the first 3 1/2 fingers have no sensory innervation, what occurs with suppination of the hand?

A

normal suppination

49
Q

pronator teres syndrome is caused by compression of which of the following nerves?

A

median

50
Q

what muscle is responsible for protraction of the scapula?

A

serratus anterior

51
Q

what nerve innervates the platysma?

A

CN 7 (facial)

52
Q

where does the temporal muscle insert on the mandible?

A

coronoid process

53
Q

which is not an infrahyoid muscle?

A

geniohyoid

54
Q

what muscle is not found in the deep layer of the back muscles?

A

splenius capitis

55
Q

the stylohyoid is derived from which brachial arch?

A

2

56
Q

what structure is derived from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches?

A

parathyroid

57
Q

what is a result of a right inferior precentral gyrus lesion?

A

loss of motor to the left arm

58
Q

what artery supplies blood to the parietal and frontal lobes?

A

anterior cerebral

59
Q

the eyes have how many photoreceptors?

A

100,000

60
Q

what ells in the eyes forms the ganglion cells?

A

bipolar cells

61
Q

if the foramen of ovale is occluded, which muscle will be affected?

A

medial pterygoid

62
Q

damage to the pterion could damage which underlying intracranial artery?

A

middle meningeal

63
Q

the piriform recess is found where?

A

cervicals

64
Q

what is the origin of the liver bud of the liver?

A

midgut

65
Q

the axillary nerve innervates which of the following muscles?

A

teres minor

66
Q

the axillary nerve supplies sensory innervation to which part of the arm?

A

lateral brachial

67
Q

the termination of the posterior longitudinal ligament occurs at which part of the spine?

A

sacrum

68
Q

the connection of the metencephalic structures occurs by which of the following?

A

middle cerebellum peduncle (around pons)

69
Q

the anterior attatchment of the tentorium cerebelli is _______

A

falx cerebelli

70
Q

the ligament that prevents over rotation of C2 attatches to what structure?

A

odontoid of axis

71
Q

the upper cervical ligament that is a remnant of the notochord is which of the following?

A

apical dental ligament

72
Q

the mid shaft articulation between the radius and ulna is classified as what type of joint?

A

syndesmosis

73
Q

if a person rotates their head it is detected by the ________

A

crista ampularis

74
Q

the maxillary sinus drains in to which of the following

A

middle nasal meatus

75
Q

the fiber of the white rami communicantes is what size

A

B fibers

76
Q

the vertebral column is derived from what?

A

sclerotomes

77
Q

the ligament that runs from the occiput to the sacrum is ________

A

capsular

78
Q

which ligament when hypertrophied can compress the posterior spinal artery?

A

ligamentum flavum

79
Q

which ligament attatches to the middle of the SP above C7?

A

interspinous

80
Q

which ligament is involved with lateral flexion of a vertebral body?

A

intertransverse

81
Q

what structure directly developes from the neural plate?

A

neural groove

82
Q

the sigmoid sinus ends at what foramen?

A

jugular

83
Q

which muscle is the most lateral muscle to the erector spinae?

A

illiocostalis

84
Q

when is pressure greatest on the lumbar spine?

A

sitting

85
Q

the cells that provide negative feedback inhibition on the ventral horn cells are ?

A

renshaw cells

86
Q

clarkes column is located at the ______ level and is associated with the ______ function

A

C8-L2 ; cerebellum

87
Q

the first order neuron for joint position sense will synapse when?

A

ipsilateral medulla

88
Q

the contact point for the lumbar spine adjusting is the ______ and is found on the _______?

A

mamillary process; superior facet

89
Q

T6 is the landmark for which of the following?

A

the inferior tip of the scapula

90
Q

the choclear duct is seperated from the scala vestibuli by which of the following?

A

reissner’s membrane

91
Q

the carotid tubercle is at ____?

A

C6

92
Q

pressure on carotid sinus will have what effect on the heart?

A

decrease blood pressure

93
Q

where does the spinous of T6 correspond to?

A

T7-T8 disc space

94
Q

what does the vestibulospinal tract control?

A

anti gravity muscles

95
Q

which of the following is not part of the cranial vault?

A

ethmoid

96
Q

which of the following ligaments do not connect to the occiput?

A

inferior part of the cruciate

97
Q

what cranial nerve does not exit the superior orbital fissure?

A

facial nerve (CN 7)

98
Q

the term brain sand is associated with which structure?

A

epithalamus (and pineal gland)

99
Q

the roof of the fourth ventricle is formed by the _______

A

superior medullary

100
Q

the terminal end of the basilar artery is the _______

A

posterior cerebral

101
Q

pill rolling tremors are involved in _______

A

extrapyramidal

102
Q

when looking to the right , what two eye muscles are involved?

A

L. medial rectus; R. lateral rectus

103
Q

the second order neuron of the auditory pathway synapses where?

A

diencephalon

104
Q

the sensation of pain and tempreature are carried in what tract?

A

lateral spinal thalamic

105
Q

the superior salvitory nucleus is involved with which cranial nerve?

A

facial (CN7)

106
Q

the lamboidal suture is made from?

A

occipital and parietal

107
Q

the radiocarpal joint is classified as ______.

A

biaxial

108
Q

which muscle of mastication attatches to the disc of the TMJ?

A

external pterygoid

109
Q

the most stable position of the foot is _______.

A

dorsiflexion and inversion

Irene Gold (6 decks)

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