Spinal 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does magnitude of scoliosis refer to?

A

the length and angle of the curve deviation on X-ray

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2
Q

What is often used to measure the magnitude of scoliosis?

A

the Cobb Method

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3
Q

What does location of scoliosis infer?

A

the location on the vertebral segment forming the apex of the curve deviation

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4
Q

What does direction of scoliosis refer to?

A

the side the convexity of the curve will bend toward

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5
Q

What does etiology of scoliosis mean?

A

the cause of the scoliosis

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6
Q

What is structural scoliosis?

A

a more radical form of scoliosis, it may worsen, associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc, frequently has a fixed angle of trunk rotation

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7
Q

What is nonstructural scoliosis?

A

a mild form of scoliosis, unlikely to worsen, not associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc and lacks a fixed angle of trunk rotation

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8
Q

What are some of the classifications of scoliosis based on etiology?

A

congenital, neuromuscular, neurofibromatosis, nerve root irritation, idiopathic

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9
Q

What is the classification of scoliosis that is unique to the individual patient?

A

idiopathic scoliosis

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10
Q

What does idiopathic scoliosis infer?

A

the scoliosis is unique to the individual, it has no known cause, unknown etiology

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11
Q

What is the incidence of idiopathic scoliosis in the population?

A

1% - 4% of the population

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12
Q

What is the age range for infantile iodiopathic scoliosis?

A

birth - 3yr

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13
Q

What is the age range for juvenile idiopathic scoliosis?

A

3yr - 10yr

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14
Q

What is the age range for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

A

over 10yr

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15
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

A

right thoracic

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16
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of infantile idiopathic scoliosis.

A

left thoracic, male, less than 1% incidence

17
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

A

right thoracic, females over 6yr old, and 12%-21% incidence

18
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

A

right thoracic or right thoracic and left lumbar, females, and 80% incidence

19
Q

What is the genetic factor associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

A

an autosomal dominant factor that runs in families

20
Q

What is the relationship between curve deviation, incidence, and curve worsening?

A

the greater the deviation, the lower the incidence, and the more likely to worsen

21
Q

What is the radiological test for skeletal maturity?

A

the Risser sign, an indication of bone maturity in the iliac apophysis