S3 Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology Flashcards
What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
3-8 degrees 1 side axial rotation
What amount of lateral bending is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
5 degrees
Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
flexion-extension
What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?
it is primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1
What movements are facilitated at the median atlanto-axial joint?
flexion - extension, rotation, and telescoping (superior-inferior gliding)
What is the ADI?
the Atlanto-Dental Interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?
about 4.5mm in children; a range of 2-3mm or about 2.5mm in adults
What are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?
about 20 degrees flexion - extension, 40 degrees one side axial rotation, and 5 degrees of lateral bending
The occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial roation?
about 60%
What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dents or the apicodental ligament?
the notochord
What is the function of the alar ligament?
together they function to resist axial rotation
What forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?
the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane
List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.
the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane
the cruciate ligament
the capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
the apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament
For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion-extension?
about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple
For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?
about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple
For the cervical spine below spine below C2, what is the range of the one side axial rotation?
about 33 degrees or about 6 degrees per couple
What are the locations for costovertebral joints on the vertebra?
the costocentral joint at the vertebral body and the costotransverse joint at the transverse process
At what rib will superior costotransverse ligament be absent?
1st rib