spiegel 2 Flashcards by Briana Tillman

carbamazapine induces

CYP 2C19 and 3A4
including 3A4:
erythromycin
clarithromycin
alprazolam
diazepam
midazolam
cyclosporine
indinavir
ritonavir
saquinavir
diltiazem
nifedipine
amlodipine
verapamil
atorvastatin
simvastatin
aripiprazole
burpspirone
haloperidol
tamoxifen
trazodone
propranolol
zolpidem
zaleplon
methadone
estradiol
progesterone
testosterone
fentanyl
many more.

2C19:
amitriptyline, citalopram, clomipramine, imipramine, warfarin, propranlool, primidone

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Essential Tremor rxs

B blockers (propranolol)
Benzo (clonazepam, lorazepam)
Botulinum toxin A

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migraine chromosome

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CNS cysticercosis

invasion of brain by T. solium. (undercooked pork)
Various presentations include epilepsy, focal neuro deficits, hydrocephalus, cognitive decline, meningitis, myelopathy.

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most frequent neurological complication of chronic alcohol abuse

alcoholic neuropathy

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miller-fisher syndrome

variant of guillain barre:
gait ataxia, areflexia, ophthalmoplegia

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cortical vs subcortical dementia

cortical- e.g. Alzheimers. Slow progressive decline, aphasia, dyspraxia, agnosia
subcortical- e.g. Parkinson’s. dysarthria, Extrapyramidal motor abnormalities, apathy, depression

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buspar moa

serotonin 1A partial agonist

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excitatory neurotransmitters moa

open cation channels that depolarize the cell membrane and increase the likelihood of generating an action potential.

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PCP moa

NMDA antagonist

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sublimation

a mature defense. Obtaining gratification through transforming a socially unacceptable aim into an acceptable one.

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phenelzine moa

MAO-I

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Anna Freud

wrote The Ego and Mechanisms of Defense
gave first comprehensive study of defense mechanisms
maintained that all people used some

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Sigmund Freud

father of psychoanalysis
focused on libido, aggression, Oedipal complex

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Kohut

father of self-psychology

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Fromm

defined 5 character types common to WEstern culture

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Jung

founded analytic psychology; growth of the personality through one’s experiences

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3rd nerve palsy

Diabetes vs aneurysm
eyelid ptosis, pain, diplopia
diabetes- pupil size normal
aneurysm- dilated

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lesch nyhan deficiency?

hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

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APO E4 what chromosome?

nineteen

tricyclic with most antihistamine activity

doxepin

action potential

First ion channel to open: Na+, flows into the neuron
Ca2+ opens, allowing MORE positive ions to enter.
then Ca2+ act as messengers- critical to the release of neurotransmitter and activate the opening of K+ channels which put a stop to the action potentio through the afterhyperpolarization of the membrane.

abreaction

emotional release after recalling a painful event. Part of psychodynamic therapy

opiates and pupils

pinpoint- using (high)

least sedating trycyclics

desipramine and protriptyline

REM sleep disorder predictive of

Lewy Body

Tourette's common comorbid with

1. ADHD 2. OCD 3. CD

Mahler's stages

0-2 mos autism (sleep more than awake) 2-5 mos symbiosis 5-10 mos differentiation 10-18 mos practicing (independence) 18-24 mos rapprochement 2-5 years object constancy (people are permanent)

primary auditory cortex

superior temporal gyrus (Heschl's)

adjunctive neurotransmitter at NMDA (binds with glutamate) and independent inhibitory neurotransmitter negative symptoms of schizophrenia? receptors on spinal cord

glycine

mee's lines under nails caused by

arsenic poisoning

blue line at the gums from

lead poisoning

most common congenital viral infection newborns

CMV

Most common myopathy over 50

inclusion body myositis

rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthetic pathway

tyrosine hydroxylase

benzos, alcohol, and barbituates target

GABA-A

Ganser's syndrome

rare dissociative disorder characterized by nonsensical or wrong answers to questions and other dissociative symptoms such as fugue, amnesia or conversion disorder, often with visual pseudohallucinations and a decreased state of consciousness.[1] The syndrome has also been called nonsense syndrome, balderdash syndrome, syndrome of approximate answers, hysterical pseudodementia or prison psychosis.

increases lithium levels significantly

ibuprofen

the 3-hydroxys with no metabolities

L-O-T

for aggression in ID, prisoners, schizophrenia

lithium

benign neonatal convulsins caused by

K channels

poor prognosis in guillain barre

camp jejuni

cause of apoptosis in brain

NMDA recpeptors overstimulated--> calcium influx

Kluver Bucy

stroke to amygdaloid bodies and inferial temporal cortex --> hypersexual, placid, hyper oral

alogia

poverty of speech and thought content

Bowlby

separation response in kids: - protest - despair & pain - detachment and denial of affection

time for RLS dx

3 months

rx lithium toxicity

hemodialysis

NEVER with MAOI

meperidine