Spiegel Flashcards
bonding vs attachment
bonding: mother for child
attachment: child for mom
huntington’s test
PCR
orbitofrontal lesion–>
profane, irritable, irresponsible
good enough mother?
Winnicott
Wernicke’s in the brain
microhemorrhages in perivent gray, esp the aqueduct and 3/4 ventricle
huntington’s disease genetic
autosomal dominant. 50% chance any affected carrier passes it on.
primary, secondary, tertiary prevention
- prevent onset of disease
- treatment in early stages (identify)
- reduce deficits, obtain highest level of functioning
rx for absence seizures
- ethosux
- VPA
neurotransmitter with increased aggression?
dopamine
avg ages puberty
girls 11, boys 13
avoid sumatriptan with what medical issues
heart disease
use to dx MG
edrophonium
Gowers sign?
Duchennes
paxil is not
sedating
test for temporal cell arteritis
ESR
when not to use an MAOi
seizures, anorexia, head trauma, bupropion, hypertension
timing for PTSD
over one month
phenytoin AE
gingival hypertrophy, hirsutism, facial dysmorphia
conversion disorder will involve
neurological symptoms
sex play normal before puberty?
yes
when will a physical deformity most affect psych?
adolescence
what is selective to MAO-B at low doses
selegeline
cocaine and dopamine
leads to hypodopaminergic state chronically
activation of right prefrontal cortex vs left
right leads to depression
left leads to uplifted mood
1 cause of intracerebral hemorrhage
hypertension
type I vs type II error
type one: null hypothesis rejected when should have been retained
type two: null hypothesis retained when should have been rejected
HIV enceph with CD4 under 200
cryptococcal. do lumbar puncture for CSF analysis and india ink staining
length of time in urine for PCP, cannabis, cocaine, heroin
PCP- 8 days
cannabis 4 weeks
cocaine 8 hours
heroin 72 hours
conduction aphasia
from left-hemispheric (dominant) lesions esp inf parietal or sup temp regions. Arcuate fasciculus* –> inability to repeat normal, spontaneous speech
possible paraphasic errors and hesitancy
naming may be impaired
auditory comprehension is intact
writing +/-
associated symptoms can include right hemiparesis, right hemisensory loss, right hemianopsia, limb apraxia
Broca’s aphasia
brocas area- left posterior inferior frontal gyrus
broken, stuttering, staccato speech
inability to repeat
reading often impaired, auditory comprehension usually intact
Wernicke’s aphasia
lesion superior temporal gyrus in wernicke’s are
Speech fluent, comprehension impaired
logorrheic or overproductive speech
+ nelogisms, verbal paraphasic errors, jargon. Impaired repetition, naming, auditory comprehension, reading. Often + r homonymous hemianopsia with ABSENCE of motor and sensory signs
Global aphasia
large lesions in superior temporal, inferior frontal, parietal lobes
MCA- usually
Naming, reading, repetition, writing all poor
most + dense right hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, hemianopsia
Transcortical aphasia
areas around and adjacent to Broca’s and Wernicke’s
telegraphic, stuttering speech; sparing of comprehension, fluent repetition
ACA territory
pt can only repeat
rapid sodium replacement in hyponatremia –>
central pontine myelinolyses and locked-in syndrome
lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia
1%
aggression associated with
decreased serotonin in CSF
increased dopamine
NE, serotonin, GABA inhibit
Metachromatic leukodystrophy
autosomal recessive
deficiency in arylsulfatase A
accumulation of sulfatides in the brain and nerves –> progressive demyelination.
gait disorder, hypotonia, lower limb atonia
Tay-Sachs
autosomal recessive gangliosidosis –> hexosaminidase A deficiency
retardation, paralysis, dementia, blindness, deth at 2-3. Cherry red spot on fundoscopic exam. Hypersensitivity to loud noise.
Krabbes disease
globoid cell leukodystrophy
autosomal recessive
deficiency in galactocerebrosidase B-galactosidase. Chromosome 14
Multinucleated macrophages in central white matter, extensive central and peripheral demyelination
rapid deterioration in motor and intellectual development, hypertonicity, optic atrophy, opisthotonic posture, seizures.
reflex that can extend beyond 6 months?
parachute
tricyclic AEs
anticholinergic
dry mouth
blurry vision
sweating
orthostatic hypotension
sedation
lethargy
agitation
tremor
slowed cardiac conduction (PR, QRS)
tachycardia
antidepressant that can be used as antipruritic agent and rx gastric ulcer because potent histamine blockade?
amitriptyline
where is NE made?
locus ceruleus
where is serotonin made?
dorsal raphe nuclei
Where is dopamine made?
substantia nigra
where is acetylcholine made
nucleus basalis of meynert
drainage of CSF into the blood is a function of the
arachnoid granulations
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a result of a persistent and noproductive viral infection of the neurons and glia that is cause by…
measles
Sturge-Weber syndrome
neurocutaneous disorder
not genetic
port-wine nevus
+/- mental retardation, contralateral hemiparesis, homonymous hemianopia
