Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Core studies > Sperry - Biological area > Flashcards

Sperry - Biological area Flashcards

1
Q

What did Sperry’s other research on humans and monkeys who had a split-brain show?

BACKGROUND

A

Animals/Humans who had undergone surgical section of the corpus callosum suggested the behaviour effects of this surgery may be less severe than other forms of cerebral surgery e.g frontal lobotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are the right and left hemisphere mirror images of each other

THEORIES

A

Yes

BUT there are distinct areas dealing with speech production and comprehension

(Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area, respectively) showing their functional localisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area? (2)

THEORIES

A
  • Wernicke’s area is the region of the brain that is important for language development
  • Broca’s area is related to the production of speech.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is functional lateralisation

THEORIES

A

The view that functions are performed by distinct regions of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What side of the brain are Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area found in?

THEORIES

A

The left hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do areas in the right hemisphere receive information from?

THEORIES

A

The left side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the right hemisphere concerned with?

THEORIES

A

activities in the left side of the body and vice versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where would information received by the Right visual field go to? which hemisphere and what side of the body? (3)

THEORIES

A
  • RVF
  • LH
  • Right hand/body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the aim of Sperry’s study?

He set out in his study___
Each ____ possesses
Has____

A
  • Sperry set out in this study, using split brain patients to show that
  • Each hemisphere possesses an independent stream of conscious awareness
  • Has its own separate chain of memories that are inaccessible to the other
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the hypothesis?

A

The hypothesis is that split brain patients perform differently from individuals without a split brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was the experimental method?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

Quasi experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did this controlled observation allow researcher’s to investigate?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

Controlled observation of split-brain patients to investigate behavioural symptoms resulting from hemisphere deconnection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Was this study a snapshot or longitudinal study?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

Snapshot study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What could this study also be classed as?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

A series of clinical case studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the IV?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

Presence or absence of Split brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the DV?

RESEARCH METHOD

A

The participants performance on various visual and tactile tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many patients were used?

SAMPLE

A

11 split brain patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What had these patients undergone

SAMPLE

A

Undergone ‘an extensive midline section of the cerebral commissures to control severe epileptic convulsions not controlled by medication’

19
Q

Where were they from?

SAMPLE

A

LA, America

20
Q

What were the patients experiencing before the surgery? (2)

SAMPLE

A

Experienced severe epileptic seizures

that could not be controlled by medication

21
Q

What is a split-brain operation (commissurotomy)? (4) what is the result?

SAMPLE

A
  • It is a possible remedy for severe epilepsy
  • It involves cutting through the most of or all of the cerebral commissures that connect the left and right hemisphere of the brain
  • (corpus callosum and some other structures)
  • Result = no communication is possible between the left and right hemisphere
22
Q

Who was the first patient? (2)

SAMPLE

A
  • Male

- Had his surgery more than 5 and a half years before the study was conducted

23
Q

Who was the second patient? (3)

SAMPLE

A
  • Mother
  • 30 yr old
  • Surgery more than 4yrs before
24
Q

Who were the other patients? (2)

SAMPLE

A
  • 9 other patients

- They had their surgery at varying times but not long before the study was conducted

25
Q

What is a tachistoscope?
How was it used to display images? (2)

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS

A
  • A device that displays an image for a specific amount of time
  • flashes images at 1/10 of a second
26
Q

How were images shown? (2)

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS

A
  • Images projected to the screen

- Images were projected to the right or left visual field of each eye

27
Q

If an image is projected to the right visual field - what happens?

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS

A

Images projected to the RVF are processed by the LH of the brain

28
Q

What did patients wear over their eye?

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS

A

Eye patch

29
Q

What happened in the visual task? (4)

VISUAL TASK - PROCEDURE

A
  • One eye closed (eyepatch)
  • Patient centres gaze on a fixed point in the centre of an upright translucent screen
  • Visual stimuli on 35-millimetre transparencies were arranged in a standard projector
  • then back-projected at 1/10 of a second or less (too fast for eye movements to get the information into the wrong visual field.
30
Q

If everything was projected to the left of the central meridian of the screen, where did the image go to? (2)

VISUAL TASK - PROCEDURE

A
  • Everything projected to the left of the central meridian of the screen is passed via the LVF to the RH and vice versa
  • Regardless of which eye is used
31
Q

How did participants reach objects?

TACTILE TASK - PROCEDURE

A

Below the translucent screen, there was a gap so that participants could reach objects but not see their hands

32
Q

Where are the objects placed? (in hands)

TACTILE TASK - PROCEDURE

A

Objects were placed in either the participants right or left hand or both hands

33
Q

How is the information processed when objects are placed in the left hand?

TACTILE TASK - PROCEDURE

A

Objects placed in the left hand is processed by the right hemisphere and vice versa

34
Q

What else did Sperry do?

TACTILE TASK - PROCEDURE

A

Sperry also conducted a variety of other tests which highlighted the lateralisation of brain function

35
Q

Could information that was shown and responded to in one visual field only be recognised if it was shown to the same VF? (2)

VISUAL TASK - RESULTS

A
  • Yes
  • Information shown and responded to in one visual field could only be recognised again if shown to the same visual field.
36
Q

What happened when information was presented to the RVF?

VISUAL TASK - RESULTS

A

Info presented to the RVF (LH system of a typical right-handed patient) could be described in speech and writing (with the right hand)

37
Q

What happened if the same information was presented to the LVF after info was presented to the RVF? (3)

VISUAL TASK - RESULTS

A
  • Patients insisted he either did not see anything or that there was only a flash of light on the left side
  • the info could not be described in speech or writing
  • Patient could point with his left hand (RH) to a matching picture/object presented among a collection of pictures /objects
38
Q

What happened when different figures ($ and ?) were presented simultaneously to different visual fields? (2)

VISUAL TASK - RESULTS

$ sign to the LVF
? to the RVF

A
  • Patient could draw the $ sign with his left hand

- But then reported that he had seen a ?

39
Q

If objects were placed in the right hand what happened? (LH) (2)

TACTILE TASK - RESULTS

A
  • Patients could describe the objects in speech or in writing
  • With the right hand
40
Q

What happened if the same objects were placed in the left hand? (RH) (2)

TACTILE TASK - RESULTS

A
  • Participants could only make wild guesses

- Often seemed unaware that they were holding anything

41
Q

When two objects were placed simultaneously in each hand and then hidden in a pile of objects?

TACTILE TASK - RESULTS

A

Both hands selected their own object and ignored the other hand’s object

42
Q

Give a conclusion about the worlds of each hemisphere

CONCLUSION

A

People with split brains have two separate visual inner worlds, each with its own train of visual images

43
Q

Give a conclusion about the streams of consciousness

CONCLUSION

A

Split brain patients seem to have two independent streams of consciousness, each with its own memories, perceptions and impulses i.e two minds in one body

Core studies (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions