spermatic cord/scrotum/testis Flashcards
what are the 3 layers of fascia of the spermatic cord?
external spermatic
cremasteric
internal spermatic
what is the external spermatic fascia derived from?
external oblique aponeurosis
what is the cremasteric fascia derived from?
internal oblique aponeurosis
what is the internal spermatic fascia derived from?
transversalis fascia
what is the nerve supply to the cremaster muscle?
genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve L1 L2
what is the function of the cremaster muscle?
retract testis
temp regulation of sperm
what are the 9 structures found in the spermatic cord?
1 ductus deferens 2 testicular artery 3 pampiniform plexus of veins 4 artery to the ductus deferens 5 cremasteric artery 6 genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve 7 remnant processus vaginalis 8 autonomic nerves 9 lymphatics
the pampiniform plexus of veins joins together at the deep inguinal vein to form the?
testicular vein
where does the left testicular vein drain?
into the left renal vein
where does the right testicular vein drain?
into the inferior vena cava
where does the ilioinguinal nerve run?
through the inguinal canal and superficial inguinal ring. accompanies spermatic cord but isn’t a part of it
what are the 2 branches of the ilioinguinal nerve?
femoral- upper medial thigh
anterior scrotal or anterior labial- genitalia
where does the ductus deferens transport sperm?
from epididymis to ejaculatory duct
what is the scrotum?
an out pouching of the anterior abdominal wall
what does the scrotum contain?
testes
epididymis
lower part of spermatic cord
what are the smooth muscle fibers firmly adherent to the skin of the scrotum?
dartos muscle
what is the darts muscle important for?
temperature regulation
what are the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis?
parietal layer
visceral layer
also has a cavity between
what are the 2 functions of the testes?
production of spermatozoa
secretion of androgens
what is the fibrous outer covering of the testes that lies deep to the visceral layer of the tunica vaginalis and is the deepest layer of the scrotum?
tunica albuginea
what are the 2 deepest internal structures of the testes?
septa and lobule
the testis is divided by _____ into numerous wedged shaped portions called _______
septa; lobule
what is the fibrous compartment in the posterior part of the testis where the septa converge?
mediastinum testis
what is the functional sperm producing portion of the testis?
seminiferous tubules- each lobule contains 2-3 of these which unite to form straight tubules
what is an elaborate network of canals located within the mediastinum testis into which the straight tubules empty?
rete testis
what are the ducts which connect the rete testis to the head of the epididymis?
efferent ductules
what is the C shaped structure attached to the superior and posterior aspect of the testis?
epididymis
what is the function of the epididymis?
store sperm until they mature
what are the 3 parts of the epididymis?
head
body
tail
what is the lymphatic drainage of the testis?
they drain into the lumbar nodes
what is the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum?
it drains into the superficial inguinal nodes
where do the testes descend?
through the inguinal canal into scrotum just before birth
what is a ligament present in the fetus which connects the testis to the scrotum which contracts to pull the testis down?
gubernaculum testis
what is the condition in which the testes are undescended at birth?
cryptorchidism- most descend in first weeks or months.
usually found in inguinal canal and unilateral
what are the percentages of cryptorchidism?
3% full term infants
30% premature infants
if testicles never descend with cryptorchidism what happens?
infertility results but androgen secretion still works
