portal venous system/liver/gallbladder Flashcards
what does the portal venous system drain?
gastrointestinal tract, spleen, pancreas and gallbladder
what does the caval (systemic) venous system drain?
everything else
describe the blood flow of portal venous system
from abdominal organs to tributaries of portal vein then to portal vein, divides into L and R branches liver sinusoids inferior vena cava via hepatic veins
the union of the splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein form the?
portal vein
what are the 4 tributaries of the portal vein?
splenic
superior mesenteric
left gastric
paraumbilical
all of the tributaries of the portal vein accompany arteries of the same name except for?
paraumbilical vein
what is a condition characterized by destruction of hepatic cells and their replacement of tissue and fat?
cirrhosis of the liver- liver becomes nodular and hard and tends to constrict portal vein causing PORTAL HYPERTENSION
what is a condition with abnormal elevation of pressure within the portal system often due to cirrhosis of the liver?
portal hypertension
describe portal hypertension
portal vein constricted and because it has no valves, flow is reversed causing a back up to occur. veins become varicose and may rupture
what are the 2 surfaces of the liver?
diaphragmatic and visceral
the porta hepatis is the hilum of the liver and contains?
common hepatic duct
hepatic artery proper
portal vein
when does the bile duct become the common hepatic duct?
prior to passing through the porta hepatis
what are the 4 lobes of the liver?
right- largest
quadrate- front
caudate- tail
left - smaller and flat
where would a functional division of the liver be made?
to the right of the falciform ligament- divides liver into equal right and left halves
what are the 8 hepatic segments?
I-IV left functional
V-VIII right functional
the caudate lobe is supplied by what?
left branches of things
what are the 4 structures that distribute to the right and left functional halves of the liver?
common hepatic duct
hepatic artery
hepatic veins
portal vein
where does the liver maintain contact with the diaphragm?
bare area
what lies within the bare area?
inferior vena cava
what are the 6 ligaments of the liver?
falciform ligament coronary ligament R and L triangular ligament ligamentum teres ligamentum venosum ligament of the inferior vena cava
what are the fissures of the liver?
fissure for the ligamentum teres fissure for the ligamentum venosum fossa for the GB fissure for IVC porta hepatis
what is the blood supply to the liver?
portal vein-75%
hepatic artery- 25%
what is the innervation of the liver?
autonomic and pain fibers from the hepatic plexus
what hormone contracts the gallbladder?
CCK
what is the blood supply to the GB?
cystic artery from hepatic artery
what is the innervation of the GB?
autonomic and pain fibers from the celiac plexus
what are the ducts of the GB?
right and left hepatic common hepatic cystic- drains GB bile hepatopancreatic ampulla- union of bile and pancreatic duct
GB drains into?
cystic duct
what are the sphincters of the GB?
sphincter of ampulla
sphincter of bile duct
sphincter of pancreatic duct
spiral folds
where are gallstones most commonly impacted?
distal end of the hepatopancreatic ampulla- causes backup of bile and acute pancreatitis
in 30% of patients, pain from gallbladder attack refers to?
right sub scapular region of back
upper abdominal diseases of Liv, GB or St may be from sublux of
T8-T12
