Spelling Flashcards
(6 cards)
adding a suffix starting with A or O to a word ending in e
leave the e in
manage + able manageable
notice + able noticeable
courage + ous courageous
Exceptions:
prestige + ous prestigious
When you want to add suffixes such -as, -ed, -es, -er, -eth, -ly, -ness, -ful and -ous to a word ending in y after a consonant,
chenge the y in i before adding it
eighty + eth eightieth
duty + es duties
lazy + ness laziness
Nouns and verbs when you want to make the plural or the 3rd-person verb
a) if the word ends in -s/-ss/-sh/-ch/-x = + es
bus = busses
match = matches
miss = misses
search = searchess
wash = washes
box = boxes
with some exceptions:
potato = potatoes
do = does
tomato = tomatoes
go = goes
b) if the word ends in -f/-fe = they often change the -f/-fe in “ves”
wolf = wolves
life = lives
c) if the word ends in consonant + “y” = “y” changes to “ie” before the ending -s
baby = babies
apply = applies
d) all the other cases = + s
cat = cats
monkey = monkeys
words when you want add -ed/-er/-est
a) if the word ends in consonant +”y” = “y” changes to “i” before adding “-ed/-er/-est”
hurry = hurried
easy = easier/easiest
b) if the word ends in “-e” = we add only “-d/-r/-st”
hope = hoped
wide = wider
wide = widest
c) if the word has 1 syllable and it ends with only vowel + consonant = you double the consonant before adding “-ed/-er/-est”
stop = stopped
wet = wetter/wettest
BUT –> box = boxer (because you have to pay attention at the sound, not how the word is written, so box (boks) ends with 2 syllables.
d) if the word has more than 1 syllabe and it ends with vowel + consonant = you double the consonant at the end only if the final syllable is stressed ( In BE, verbs ending in “l” always double before -ed, whether the final syllable is stressed or not)
preFER = preferred
reGRET = regtretted
perMIT = permitted
travel = travelled
e) We DO NOT DOUBLE
- words where there are 2 vowels before the final consonant
boil = boiled
- words that end with “y” or “w” because are not considered consonants if placed at the end of the word
stay = stayed
new = newer/newest
f) all the other cases = just add -ed/-er/-est” at the end of the word
words when you want to add “-ing”
a) if the verb ends in “-e” = we leave out “e” before adding “-ing”
hope = hoping
EXCEPTIONS:
be = being
verbs ending in “ee”–> see = seeing, agree = agreeing
b) y does not change before -ing
apply = applying
play = playing
c) verbs ending in “-ie” = “ie” changes to “y” before adding “-ing”
die = dying
lie = lying
d) if the word has 1 syllable and it ends with only vowel + consonant = you double the consonant before adding “-ing”
stop = stopping
BUT –> box = boxing (because you have to pay attention at the sound, not how the word is written, so box (boks) ends with 2 syllables.
e) if the word has more than 1 syllabe and it ends with vowel + consonant = you double the consonant at the end only if the final syllable is stressed ( In BE, verbs ending in “l” always double before -ing, whether the final syllable is stressed or not)
preFER = preferring
reGRET = regretting
perMIT = permitting
travel = travelling
f) We DO NOT DOUBLE
- words where there are 2 vowels before the final consonant
boil = boiling
- words that end with “y” or “w” because are not considered consonants if placed at the end of the word
stay = staying
grow = growing
g) in all the other cases just add “-ing”
play = playing
words when you want to add “-ly”
a) if the word ends in consonant + “y” = “y” changes to “i” before adding “-ly”
easy = easily
only exception = day –> daily
b) if the adjective ends in “-le” = we change “-le” in “-ly”
simple = simply
terrible = terribly
c) all the other cases = just add “-ly”
great = greatly
coy = coyly
