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Speech > Speech - Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Speech - Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

any external sight or sound that distracts us from the message

cars, dogs

A

Physical/ Real

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2
Q

the verbal utterances, visual images, and nonverbal behaviors used to convey thoughts and feelings

A

Messages

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3
Q

the process through which we express, interpret, and coordinate messages with others

A

Communication

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4
Q

the process of putting our thoughts and feelings into words and nonverbal behaviors

Important to avoid miscommunication

Done by the speaker

A

Encoding

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5
Q

the process of interpreting another’s message
Done by the listener

“meaning making” not just interpretation

A

Decoding

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6
Q

responses to messages that indicate how the initial message was interpreted

A

Feedback

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7
Q

a mental library of scripts each of us draws from to create messages based on what worked in the past

each canned plan may contain many scripts tailored to different people and occasions

if a canned message doesn’t seem suitable, we may search for scripts that are similar to the current situation and customize an appropriate message

A

Canned Plan

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8
Q

an actual text of what to say and do in a specific situation

A

Script

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9
Q

First, we have messages which can be in form of verbal, nonverbal behaviors, and visual images
We create messages through encoding
While the receiver interprets the message through decoding

A

NATURE OF COMMUNICATION

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10
Q

use of words to share information with other people

speaking to another person over the telephone, face-to-face discussions, interviews, debates, presentations

A

VERBAL

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11
Q

the transfer of information through body language, facial expressions, gestures

environment, appearance and artifacts, proxemics and territoriality, haptics, paralanguage, chronemics, kinesics, and eye contact

A

NONVERBAL

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12
Q

ELEMENT OF COMMUNICATION

A
  • Messages – encoding and decoding (both are cognitive process and activity)
  • Feedback
  • Channel
  • Interference
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13
Q

is what we do when we encode a message

Mispronunciation can lead to miscommunication

Pronunciation is important to become an effective communicator

A

Message Production

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14
Q

is what we do when we decode a message

how we explain or receive the message from the speaker

A

Message interpretation

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15
Q

consists of the behavioral adjustments each participant makes in an attempt to create shared meaning

shared meaning occurs when the receiver’s interpretation is similar to what the speaker intended

“nagkakaintindihan na kayo”

A

Interaction coordination

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16
Q

both the route traveled by the message and the means of transportation

verbal symbols, nonverbal cues, visual images

A

Channels

17
Q

any stimulus that interferes with the process of achieving shared meaning

can be physical or psychological

A

Interference or Noise

18
Q

thoughts and feelings we experience that compete with the sender’s message for our attention

A

Psychological/Mental/Personal

19
Q

stuttering, stammering, hunger, fatigue, headaches, pain

example: a foreign man with a strong accent

A

Physiological/Biological

20
Q

we are not able to interpret the message clearly

refers to when a speaker and a listener have different interpretations of the meaning of certain words

A

Semantic Noise

21
Q

stock knowledge

A

Schema

22
Q

CHARACTERISTIC OF COMMUNICATION

A
  1. Communication has a PURPOSE
  2. Communication is continuous
  3. Communication is Irreversible
  4. Communication is Situated
  5. Communication Is Indexical
  6. Communication Messages Vary in Conscious Thought
23
Q

We communicate to develop and maintain our send of self
We communicate to develop and maintain relationships
We communicate to meet our social needs
We communicate to exchange information
We communicate to influence others

A

Communication has a PURPOSE

24
Q

Dance Hellical model – Endless model

Frank Dance’s communication model assumes that a person’s communication starts at birth, and continues as life progresses.

A

Communication is continuous

25
Q

guided by cultural norms

ex: we also want development but for us, development means taking care of our lands

A

Communication is Situated

26
Q

COMMUNICATION CONTEXT

A
  • Physical
  • Social
  • Historical
  • Psychological
  • Cultural
27
Q

Reveals the status of the relationship

A

Communication Is Indexical

28
Q

Communication messages Vary in conscious thought.

Have spontaneous expressions and constructed messages

A

Communication Messages Vary in Conscious Thought

29
Q

templated response

A

Canned Script

30
Q

COMMUNICATION ETHICS

A
  • Honest
  • Acts with integrity
  • Behave fairly
  • Demonstrate respect
  • Responsible
31
Q

Communication is effective when it achieves our Goals

While it is appropriate when it conforms to what is expected in the situation

In these ways, we develop credibility and social ease

is the impression that communicative behavior is appropriate and effective in a given situation

A

COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

32
Q

REMEMBER!!

A

→ communication is effective when it achieves our goals
→ while it is appropriate when it conforms to what is expected in the situation
→ linguistic competent students must form trust and make positive comments
we get to be competent when we are motivated, knowledgeable, and trained
→ in this way, we develop credibility and social ease

33
Q

Came from the Latin word “Communicare’ which means to share and to make something common.

The process by which people transmit information, share verbal and nonverbal messages and create meaning with each other.

A

COMMUNICATION

34
Q

3 terms connected to Communication:

A

Transmit
Share
Create

35
Q

1948, The bell system technical journal, pp. 379-423 & 623-565.

Meaning “contained” in the words.

Communication occurred when a message was sent
and received.

Created with the telegraph, telephone, and radio in
mind.

Linear, One-way Model

A

TRANSMIT

CLAUDE SHANNON & WARREN WEAVER

36
Q

Transactional Model of Communication.

1962, Journal of communication, 12 pp. 197-211

Communication is dynamic.

An ongoing, back-and-forth exchange.

Meaning exists in people

A

SHARE

DEAN BARNLUND

37
Q

Constitutive approach

1999, communication theory, 9, pp. 119-161

Communication creates meaning

“Communication is not a secondary phenomenon.”

“Communication is the primary constitutive process that explains all these other factors”

Social reality is the product, the outcome of communication processes.

A

CREATE

ROBERT CRAIG

Speech (5 decks)

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