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FIRST AID RANDOM DETAILS > specific antidotes > Flashcards

specific antidotes Flashcards

1
Q

antidote for acetaminophen poisoning?

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

antidote for Salicylates

A

NaHCO3 (alkilinize the urine), dialyze

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3
Q

antidote for amphetimines

A

NH4Cl (acidify the urine bc amphetamines = basic)

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4
Q

antidote for Acetylcholinesterase inhibs/organophosphates

A

atropine (direct Ach inhib) + pralidoxime (regens AchE)

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5
Q

antidote for antimuscarinic, antichoinergic agents

A

physostigmine salicylate (anti-AChE and crosses BBB) + control hyperthermia

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6
Q

antidote for B-blockers

A

glucagon

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7
Q

antidote for Digitalis

A 
LAMP
Lidocaine
Anti-dig Fab fragments
Mg2+
K+
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8
Q

antidote for Iron

A

Deferoxamine, Deferasrox

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9
Q

antidote for Lead (4 options)

A

CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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10
Q

antidote for Mercury, arsenic, gold (2)

A

Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

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11
Q

antidote for cyanide (binds mito enz)

A
  1. Nitrite (turns Hb —> metHb —> attracts CN away from mito enz)
  2. thiosulfate (binds cyanide from metHb), hydroxycobalamin
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12
Q

antidote for METHemoglobin

A

METHylene blue, Vitamin C

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13
Q

antidote for Carbon Monoxide

A

100% 02 hyperbaric O2

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14
Q

antidote for Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

femepizole > ethanol, dialysis

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15
Q

antidote for opioids

A

naloxone/naltrexone

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16
Q

antidote for benzos

A

flumazenil

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17
Q

antidote for TCAs

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

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18
Q

antidote for Heparin

A

protamine

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19
Q

antidote for Warfarin

A

FFP, vit k

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20
Q

antidote for tpa, streptokinase, urokinase

A

Aminocaproic acid

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21
Q

antidote for Theophylline

A

B-blocker

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22
Q

Affects of NE on BP and HR

A

NE = mainly alpha agonist

  1. Increased SVR (both diastolic and systolic) bc alpha ag —> increase BP
  2. Reflex bradycardia —> decrease BP
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23
Q

Affects of Isoproterenol on HR and BP

A

B affects > alpha affects:

  1. B2 vasodilation —> decrease SVR
  2. Reflex tach + B1 stim —> increase HR
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24
Q

Effects of Epi BEFORE and AFTER an ALPHA BLOCKER!

A

EPI = EVERY thing stim (alpha and beta)
1. BEFORE alpha blocker: increase alpha —> increase SVR!! —> net presser effect!

  1. AFTER alpha blocker —> only beta stim —> B2 = decrease SVR —-> reflex tach: decrease BP/increase HR
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25
Q

Effects of phenylephrine on BP before and after alpha blocker

A

Phenylephrine = alpha agonist

  1. BEFORE alpha blocker —> alpha ag —> presser —> Increase SVR
  2. After alpha blocker —> no effect at all
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26
Q

Drugs that cause: coronary vasospasm (3)

A

cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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27
Q

Drugs that cause: cutaneous flushing (4)

A

Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers (VANC)

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28
Q

Drugs that cause: dilated cardiomyopathy (2)

A

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin

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29
Q

Drugs that cause: Torsades to pointes

A

Class III (esp sotolol) and Class IA (Quinidine) antiarrythmics

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30
Q

Drugs that cause: Agranulocytocis (6)

A

Clozapine, carbamezapine, Colchicine, Propulthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone (Agranulocytosis Certainly Could Cause Pretty Major Damage)

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31
Q

Drugs that cause: Aplastic anemia (5)

A

Chloramphenical, benzene, NSAIDS, propylthiouracil, methimazole

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32
Q

Drugs that cause: Direct Coombs-pos. hemolytic anemia (2)

A

Methyldopa, Penicillin

33
Q

Drugs that cause: Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

34
Q

Drugs that cause: Hemolysis in G6PD deficient Pt (6)

A

Isoniazide, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin (Hemolysis IS PAIN)

35
Q

Drugs that cause: MeagaloBLASTic anemia (3)

A

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs (Having a BLAST w/PMS)

36
Q

Drugs that cause: Thrombotic complications (1)

A

OCPs (eg estrogens)

37
Q

Drugs that cause: Cough

A

ACE Inhibs (NOTE- NOT ARBS)

38
Q

Drugs that cause: Pulm Fibrosis (3)

A

BLeomycin, Amiodorone, Busulfan (its hard to BLAB w/pulm fibrosis)

39
Q

Drugs that cause: Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jauncide

A

Erythromycin

40
Q

Drugs that cause: focal to massive hepatic necrosis (4)

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, ACeteminophen (these drugs wreak HAVAc on your liver)

41
Q

Drugs that cause: Hepatitis

A

INH

42
Q

Drugs that cause: peudomembranous colitis (2)

A

ampicillin, clindamycin

43
Q

Drugs that cause: Adrenal insuff.

A

Glucocort withdrawal (HPA suppresion)

44
Q

Drugs that cause: gynecomastica (6)

A 
Spironalactone
Digitalis
Cimetidine
Estrogen
Alcohol (chronic)
Ketoconazole
(Some Drugs Cause Extremely Awesome Knockers)
45
Q

Drugs that cause: hot flashes (2)

A

Tamoxifen, Clomiphene

46
Q

Drugs that cause: Hyperglycemia (5)

A

Niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibs, HCTZ, corticosteroids

47
Q

Drugs that cause: hypothyroidism (3)

A

lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

48
Q

Drugs that cause: fat redistribution (2)

A

glucocorticoids, protease inhibs

49
Q

Drugs that cause: gingival hyperplasia (2)

A

phenytoin, verapamil

50
Q

Drugs that cause: gout (4)

A

furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cyclosporine

51
Q

Drugs that cause: myopathies(8)

A

Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, Interferon-alpha, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids

(Fish N’ CHIPS Gives you myopathy)

52
Q

Drugs that cause: osteoporosis (2)

A

corticosteroids, heparin

53
Q

Drugs that cause: PHOTOsensitivity (3)

A

Sufonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline (SAT for a photo)

54
Q

Drugs that cause: Rash (SJS) (8)

A

Penicillin, Ethosuxomide, Carbamezapine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbitol (bad rash after a PEC SLAPP)

55
Q

Drugs that cause: SLE like syndrome (4)

A

Hydralazine, INH, Procainamaide, Phenytoin (it’s not HIPP to have lupus)

56
Q

Drugs that cause: Teeth damage (kids)

A

Tetracyclins

57
Q

Drugs that cause: Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damate

A

Flouroquinolones

58
Q

Drugs that cause: Diabetes Insip (2)

A

Lithium dececlocycline

59
Q

Drugs that cause: Fanconi’s syndrome

A

Expired tetracycline

60
Q

Drugs that cause: Hemorrhagic cystitis (2)

A

cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevented w/coadmin of mesna)

61
Q

Drugs that cause: Interstitial Nephritis (3)

A

Methicillin, NSAIDS, furosemide

62
Q

Drugs that cause: SIADH (2)

A

carbamezapine, cyclophosphamide

63
Q

Drugs that cause: cinconism (2)

A

Quinidine, quinine

64
Q

Parkinson-like syndrome (3)

A

Antiphsychotics (block central D2 receptors), reserpine (for huntington’s- inhibs VMAT- limits dopamine vesicle packaging and release), metoclopromide (D2 receptor antag- antiemetic + diabetic gastroparesis)

65
Q

Drugs that cause: Seizures (7)

A

Inh, Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide (during seizures I BITE My tongue)

66
Q

Drugs that cause: Tardive dyskinesia

A

antispych (esp Trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol)

67
Q

Drugs that cause: Antimuscarinic (hot as a hare, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, red as a beat, blind as a bat) (4 groups)

A

Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, neuroleptics

68
Q

Drugs that cause: Disulfuram-like rxn (4)

A

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st gen sulfonureas

69
Q

Drugs that cause: nephrotox/ototox (4)

A

aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

70
Q

vaccine for C. diptheriae

A

DTaP- toxoid

71
Q

vaccine for B. Pertussis

A

DTaP- toxoid + filamentous hemagluttinin

72
Q

vaccine for C. tetanie

A

DTAP- toxoid

73
Q

vaccine for HiB

A

capsular polysac. (Polyribotoyl phosphate) + prot

74
Q

S. pneumo vax for peds

A

PCV- 13 capsular serotypes + protein (toxoid?)

75
Q

S. pneumo vac for adult

A

PPV- 23 capsular serotypes

76
Q

n. meningitidis vac

A

MCV-4: 4 capsular serotypes (Y, W-135, C, A) and prot

77
Q

Salmonella and Bordetella vaccines are…

A

killed, whole cells (inactivated)

78
Q

if the PRP capsular material of the H. infl virus were injected in a vaccine w/out the toxoid/prot, what type of Ab would be made?

A

IgM only

79
Q

Why does Hydralazine —> Na+/fluid retention

A

art. dilation —> decrease art P. —> increase baroreceptor firing/increase B1 stim—> increase HR and Renin secretion —> Increase RAAS (DON’T GIVE TO SOMEONE W/ANGINA/CAD BC compens. tach! GIVE w/ B-blocker/diuretic)

FIRST AID RANDOM DETAILS (6 decks)

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