Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FIRST AID RANDOM DETAILS > parasites > Flashcards

parasites Flashcards

1
Q

chagas is caused by the…

A

riduviid bug (kissing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the signs of chagas?

A

cardiomyopathy
mega colon
mega esophagus (localizes to the nerve cells of the myenteric plexus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

txt chagas w…

A

nifurtimox

(If i went on a “CRUZ” to SA and got the KISSING BUG, Keith would get a “kNIFe” and “‘URT” Me in the Heart (and colon and esoph)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

signs of visceral leishmaniasis

A

spiking fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

visceral leishmaniasis is spread by the

A

sandfly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do you see on a blood smear of visceral leishmaniasis?

A

Macrophage w/amastigote (no flagella)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

txt for visceral leishmaniasis?

A

sodium stibogluconate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what causes green, foul smelling vaginal discharge and itching?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis (trophozoite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is VERY important in txt trichomonas vaginalis?

A

txt pt AND PARTNER w/metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what’s another word for pin worms?

A

Entorobius vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms) spread

A

food contaminated w/eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

signs of enterobius ifxn

A

anal pruritus - scotch tape test!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how do you txt enterobius vermicularis

A

Bendazoles- BEND over and scratch your butt!

Pyrantel pamoate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Taenia solium you get from

A

undercooked pork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do you get intestinal disease from Taenia solium?

A

eat larvae in undercooked pork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do you get cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium cysts in brain that cause seizures)

A

eat taenia solium eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do you txt intestinal ifxn from Taenia soleum?
how about cystericosis?
neurocystericosis?

A

intestinal ifxn and cystericosis w/ praziquantel

neurocystericosis w/bendazoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 protazoa that cause GI ifxns:

A
  1. giardia lamblia
  2. Entamoeba histolytica
  3. Cryptosporidium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bloating, flatulence, foul-smelling, fatty diarrhea seen in campers/hikers

A

Giardia!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how do you get giardia?

A

drink cysts in H20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how can you diagnose giardia?

A

trophozoites or cysts in stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

txt giardia w/

A

metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bloody diarhea, liver abcess, “anchovy paste” exudate, RUQ pain, recent travel to developing country?

A

Entamoeba histolitica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ddx of entamoeba histolytica?

A

serology and/or trophozoites w/ RBCs in cytoplasm! or cysts (spherical, granular cytoplasm w/up to 4 nuclei) in the stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

severe diarhea in AIDS pt or mild diarhea in immunocomp person

A

cryptosporidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

which protazoa causes multiple, discrete ulcerative lesions on colonoscopy? which is non-ulcerative?

A

ulcerative: entamoeba histolytica

non-ulcerative: cryptosporidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

biopsy n pt w/ cryptosporidium shows

A

basophil clusters on surface of intestinal mucosal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

txt for entamoeba histolytica?

A

metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

txt for asymp. entamoeba histolitica cyst passers

A

iodoquinol

30
Q

does giardia invade?

A

NO

31
Q

severe diarhea in aids is what? vs meningitis/pulm stuff in aids pt is what?

A

diarrhea: cryptosporidium (protazoa)

meningitis/pulm: cryptococcus (monomorphic yeast)

32
Q

toxoplasma gondii is assoc. w?

A

brain abcesses (ring enhancing lesions) in immunocomp pt

33
Q

congenital toxoplasmosis shows…

A
  1. hydrocephalus (“wet”)
  2. chorioretinitis (“ret”)
  3. intracerebral calcification (“white”)

“wet, ret and white”

34
Q

txt for toxo?

A

sulfadiazine or pyrimethamine

35
Q

why should pregnant women avoid cats?

A

to avoid toxo– oocysts = in feces

36
Q

how does one get toxo?

A

cysts = in meat or oocysts = in cat feces

37
Q

What causes rapidly fatal meningitis after swimming in fresh water lakes?

A

Naegleria fowleri

a “NALGENE FULL of fresh water Naegleria fowleri

38
Q

diagnosis of naegleria fowleri is made by

A

amoebas in spinal fluid

39
Q

txt for naegleria fowleri?

A

amphotericin

40
Q

Where is Trypanosoma gambiense found?

A

central/W africa

41
Q

Where is Trypanosoma rhodiense from?

A

S.E. Africa

42
Q

enlarged lymph nodes, recurring fever (due to antigenic variation), somnolence and coma….

A

Trypanasoma brucei (gambiense or rhodesiense)

43
Q

Trypanasoma brucei (gambiense or rhodesiense) is transmited by the…

A

tse tse fly– it hurts!

44
Q

how do you txt Trypanasoma brucei (gambiense or rhodesiense)

A

Suramin for blood-borne disease

Melarsoprol for CNS penetration

45
Q

most severe form of malaria- causes cerebral malaria?

A

M. falciparum– daily fevers

46
Q

malaria is ALWAYS transmitted by…

A

anopheles mosquito

47
Q

cyclic fevers, HA, anemia, splenomegaly

A

malaria

48
Q

malaria w/fever every 48 hours?

A

P. vivax/ovale (fever = 1st and 3rd day)

49
Q

active form of P. vivax/ovale =?

latent form?

A

active: schizont stage where new marozoites = formed, invade more RBCs
latent: hypnazoites sleep in hepatocytes

50
Q

which malaria has fevers every 72 hours?

A

P. malariae

51
Q

why is P. falciparum so bad?

A

parasitized RBCs occlude caps in brain —> cerebral malaria, and kidney and lungs

52
Q

malaria = txt w/

A

chloroquine for active ifxn (if resistant use mefloquine) and primaquine for hepnozoite

53
Q

before txt for malaria w/ quinidine or primaquine, you need to test for…

A

G6PD defic.

54
Q

if malaria = life threatening, txt w…

A

IV quinidine

55
Q

how do you distinguish btwn malaria and babesia?

A
  1. LOCATION: babesiosis = NE US, malaria = africa/malaria endemic region
  2. Babesia has “maltese cross” in RBC
56
Q

person from N.E. US w/fever, hemolytic anemia w/ring form and maltese cross on RBC

A

Babesia

57
Q

Babesia often coinfects w/… bc…

A

borellia burgdorferi bc both transmitted by ixodes tick

58
Q

txt babesia w/

A

Atovaquone + azithromycin

59
Q

Which Nematodes are ingested? (3)

A

Enterobius
Ascaris
Trichinella

  • you’ll get sick if you EAT these
60
Q

which nematodes are cutaneous ifxns? (3)

A

Strongyloides
Ancylostoma
Necatar

These get into your feet from the SANd

61
Q

which tapeworm causes Vit B12 defic?

A

Diphyllobothrium latum (from fish)

62
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum is from…

A

ingesting larvae from freshwater fish

63
Q

txt diphyllobothrium latum w/

A

praziquantel

64
Q

ifxn w/echinococcus granulosus is dangerous bc….

A

causes cysts in liver which need to be removed but might cause anaphylaxis if Ag = released

65
Q

why do drs. pretreat liver cysts from echinococcus granulosus w/ethanol?

A

to kill cysts before removal so that they don’t cause anaphylaxis

66
Q

how do you txt echinococcus granulosus?

A

bendazoles

67
Q

where are echinococcus eggs found?

A

dog feces

68
Q

people with dogs = at risk for

A

echinococcus granulosus

69
Q

person w/pet dog comes and has hydatid cysts in liver, lungs and brain…

A

echinococcus granulosus

70
Q

unlike Tanea solium which can travel to other areas if you ingest a cyst, taenia saginata stays in the…

A

intestine

71
Q

taenia saginata = from…

A

cestode (tapeworm) from undercooked beef

72
Q

P. falciparum = identifiable on blood smear by…

A

multiple delicate, ring-shaped intraerythrocytic orgs and crescent-shaped intraerythrocytic gametocytes

FIRST AID RANDOM DETAILS (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions