Species and taxonomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Define species.

A

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

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2
Q

Define classification.

A

The process of arranging organisms into groups.

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3
Q

Name the eight groups an organism can be classified into, from largest to smallest.

A

domain → kingdom → phylum → class → order → family → genus → species

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4
Q

What system is used to give species a universal name?

A

Binomial naming system.

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5
Q

What are the two components to a binomial name?

A

Generic name= the genus the organism belongs to.
2 closely related species will share the same genus.
Specific name= the species the organism belongs to.

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6
Q

How are binomial names handwritten?

A

The first letter of the generic name should be capitalised, with the rest in lowercase. The whole name should be underlined.

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7
Q

What is phylogenetic classification?

A

The process of arranging organisms into groups based on their evolutionary origins and relationships.

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8
Q

How can we clarify evolutionary relationships

between organisms?

A

Analyse their molecular differences.

Advances in immunology/ genome sequencing provide clear pictures of how related 2 organisms are.

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9
Q

Explain hierarchical classification.

A

● groups within groups

● no overlap between groups

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10
Q

What are the advantages of courtship behaviour?

A

Individuals can recognise sexually mature members of their own species of the opposite sex, synchronise mating, form a pair bond, and successfully breed.

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