Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology exam 2 > Specialized connective tissue > Flashcards

Specialized connective tissue Flashcards

1
Q

specialized form of fibrous connective tissue

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cartilage is _ and contains _ embedded in ECM that allow the exchange of nutrients and waste

A

avascular

chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cartilage functions

A

support soft tissues and guide the development and growth of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyaline cartilage location

A

articular ends of long bones in adults, walls of respiratory system, and the ventral ends of ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hyaline cartilage matrix has homogeneous, amorphous ground substance with _aggregates and _ embedded in _

A

proteoglycan
chondronectin
type II collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

proteoglycan aggregates include

A

chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

area adjacent to chondrocytes that is poor in collagen but rich in gylcosaminoglycans

A

territorial (capsular) matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

territorial matrix is basophilic and metachromatic and stains more intensely with PAS stain than

A

interterritorial (intercapsular) matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

layer of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds hyaline cartilage except at articular surfaces

A

perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

perichondrium consists of

A

outer fibrous layer containing type I collage; also contains inner cellular layer containing chondrogenic cells (source of new cartilage cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

perichondrium provides

A

blood supply for the avascular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mature cartilage cells embedded in lacunae in the matrix

A

chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chondrocytes arise from _ into _, which produce cartilage matrix

A

chondrogenic cells

chondroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

officially called chondrocytes when

A

the cells are totally surrounded by matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

chondrocytes may occur in groups of 2-8 cells called

A

isogenous groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

elastic cartilage has perichondrium like hyaline cartilage; matrix contains

A

network of elastic fibers (gives a yellowish color)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

elastic cartilage is located

A

where flexible support is required (external ear, Eustachain tube, epiglottis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

fibrocartilage has no

A

perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

fibrocartilage has properties

A

between dense connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

fibrocartilage has thick bundles of

A

type I collagen fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

fibrocartilage is found

A

where support and tensile strength are needed with hyaline cartilage or fibrous tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

fibrocartilage is commonly found at

A

articular disks

24
Q

fibrocartilage is easily confused with

A

dense regular connective tissues

25
Q

_ is aspecialized connective tissue with a _ ECM with osteocytes

A

bone

calcified

26
Q

bone has _% of body calcium

A

99

27
Q

bone is a dynamic tissue

A

undergoes shape change and absorption/reabsorption

28
Q

bone matrix inorganic (calcified) portion is made of

A

calcium phosphate, bicarbonate, citrate, magnesium, potassium, and sodium

29
Q

bone matrix consists primarily of

A

hydroxyapatite crystals

30
Q

bone matrix organic portion is made primarily of

A

type I collagen

31
Q

ground substance of organic portion of bone matrix contains

A

chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate

32
Q

(immature, woven bone): first bone formed in fetal development and bone repair

A

primary bone

33
Q

(mature, lamellar bone)

A

secondary bone

34
Q

secondary bone has 2 types

A

compact bone (dense, outer portion) and spongy bone (interior meshwork of trabeculae)

35
Q

compact bone is organized with _ below the periosteum and _ adjacent to the marrow cavity

A

outer circumferential lamellae

inner circumferential lamellae

36
Q

rest of bone is organized around

A

Haversian canal systems (osteons)

37
Q

osteons are connected to each other by

A

Volkmann’s canals

38
Q

layers of noncalcified CT covering bone on external surfaces

A

bone periosteum

39
Q

bone periosteum has a _ inner layer

A

cellular (osteogenic)

40
Q

_ attach the periosteum to the bone

A

Sharpey’s fibers (type I collagen)

41
Q

bone periosteum distributes _ to bone

A

blood vessels

42
Q

thin specialized connective tissue

A

endosteum

43
Q

endosteum function

A

lines marrow cavities and is a source of osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts for bone growth and repair

44
Q

inner layer of periosteum and endosteal cells that line marrow cavity; can differentiate into ostoblasts

A

osteoprogenitor cells

45
Q

secretes collagen and ground substance and osteoid (unmineralized bone)

A

osteoblast

46
Q

osteoid regulates

A

mineralization of bone

47
Q

maintain bone matrix by being able to synthesize and resorb matrix; reside in lacuna; communicate with other osteocytes and osteoblasts via processes that extend through canaliculi

A

osteocyte

48
Q

multinucleated cell that can actively resorb bone and is acidophilic

A

osteoclast

49
Q

depression in bone created by osteoclast; cell seals off area, acidifies and secretes acid hydrolases to resorb bone

A

Howship’s lacuna

50
Q

decrease in bone mass

A

osteoporosis (occurs primarily in old age)

51
Q

due to calcium deficiency in adults

A

osteomalacia (may be severe in pregnancy)

52
Q

osteomalacia is characterized by _ of newly formed bone and _ of calcified bone

A

deficient calcification

decalcification

53
Q

bone remodeling is not functioning properly leading to enlarged, brittle bone

A

Paget’s disease: osteitis deformans

54
Q

osteomalacia in children is called _; characterized by deficient calcification in newly formed bone

A

rickets

55
Q

excess pituitary growth hormone in adults leading to very thick bones in the extremities and facial skeleton

A

acromegaly

Histology exam 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions