Specialised Cells B1 Flashcards
Sperm cell function and adaptations
Fertilise an ovum (egg cell)
Tail to swim
Lost of mitochondria to release energy from
respiration to enable it to swim to the ovum
Lots of enzymes in acrosome (head) to help bury into egg quicker
Palisade cell function and adaptations
enable photosynthesis in the leaf
.lots of chloroplasts containing chlorophyll to absorb
light energy
.located at the top surface of the leaf where it can
absorb the most light energy
Root hair cell function and adaptations
Absorb mineral ions and water from the soil
1. lots of mitochondria to release energy for the active
transport of mineral ions from the soil
2. having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.
Nerve cell function and adaptations
carry electrical impulses around thebody
1. dendrites, to make
connections with other neurones or effectors
Muscle cell function and adaptations
Contract and relax to allow movement
1. contains protein fibres, which can contract to make
the cells shorter
2. Contains lots of mitochondria which release energy from respiration to allow muscles to contract
Red blood cell function and adaptations
Transport oxygen around the body
1. No nucleus to carry more blood
2. contains a red pigment called haemoglobin that binds
to oxygen molecules
3. Flat biconcave disc shape to increase surface area-
to- volume ratio
Role of the xylem
transports water from the roots up to other parts of the plant through a process called transpiration.
What is transpiration
Transpiration is the evaporation of water from the leaves in the form of water vapour
What is translocation
translocation is the transportation of (sugars)in a plant.
What is the role of the phloem
Phloem transports sucrose and amino acids from the leaves and other parts of the plant, through a process called translocation
