Specialised Cell Adaptions

Question 1

Root Hair Cell

Answer 1

Absorbs water and minerals from soil

• large surface area
• no chloroplasts

Question 2

Sperm Cell

Answer 2

Fertilises an egg cell to make a baby

• long tail to swim
• lots of Mitochondria to provide energy
• enzymes in head to get into egg cells

Question 3

Red Blood Cell

Answer 3

Carries Oxygen around the body

• biconcave shape to easily move through blood vessels
• large surface area for diffusion
• no nucleus
• contains haemoglobin

Question 4

Palisade Cell

Answer 4

Carries out photosynthesis using energy from sunlight

• tall and thin
• lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 5

Muscle Cell

Answer 5

Contracts to help parts of the body move

• lots of Mitochondria to provide energy
• store glycogen which can be broken down for use in respiration
• can contract and relax

Question 6

Nerve Cell

Answer 6

Transmits electrical impulses around the body to coordinate responses

• long, thin, axon
• branching dendrites at either end
• can carry electrical impulses

Question 7

Ciliated Cell

Answer 7

Moves micro-organisms and dust away from lungs

• tiny hairs called cilia to sweep particles away
• lots of Mitochondria to provide energy

Question 8

Egg Cell

Answer 8

For Sperm cell to fertilise

• cytoplasm contains nutrients for the developing embryo
• membrane changes after fertilisation to stop anymore sperms from getting in

Question 9

White Blood Cell

Answer 9

Fights pathogens which cause disease

• changes shape yo squeeze out of blood vessels and engulf pathogens
• produce antibodies and antioxidants