SPECIAL TRANSFERS and GENE REGULATION

Question 1

The use of the RNA molecule as a template to create another RNA moolecule

Answer 1

RNA replication

Question 2

Enzyme used to create DNA from RNA

Answer 2

Reverse transcriptase

Question 3

(DNA to protein) Using antibiotics that alter the mRNA selectivity of ribosomes allowing it to use ssDNA as a template

Answer 3

DNA translation

Question 4

Certain gene are expressed under a particular biological circumstance

Answer 4

Regulation of gene expression

Question 5

In E. Coli and many other bacteria, genes for several different proteins may be encoded on a single transcript in a unit called ———

Answer 5

OPERON

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE

The genes of an operon share the same transcriptional regulation, but are translated individually

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE

E. coli activates transcription only when lactose is available for it to digest.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

cis regulators

Answer 8

P, O, CBS

Question 9

trans-regulator (not necessarily need to be encoded on the same piece of DNA as the genes regulate

Answer 9

LacI

Question 10

Binding of the ——— prevents RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter

Answer 10

repressor

Question 11

codes for the homotetramer protein repressor

Answer 11

LacI

Question 12

Trans-factor, allosteric activator of lac operon

Answer 12

CAP

Question 13

low glucose, but the lactose is present

Answer 13

transcription occurs

Question 14

High Glucose, inactive CAP; thus, transcription ———

Answer 14

will not occur

Question 15

In lac operon, lactose acts as —————, as it binds to the repressor protein and render it inactive which allows transcription of the operon.

Answer 15

inducer

Question 16

cis-regulatory elements; can be located near or far, and either upstream or downstream, from the promoter

Answer 16

ENHANCERS

Question 17

Trans-regulatory element; Bind to enhancers and RNA pol to activate transcription

Answer 17

Transcription Factors

Question 18

Development of a large, spiny pelvic fin in stickleback depends on the presence of a particular enhancer element upstream of a gene called

Answer 18

Pitx

Question 19

any heritable change in phenotype that is associated with a change in something other than chromosomal DNA sequence

Answer 19

EPIGENETICS

Question 20

Addition of methyl to inactivate specific gene expression

Answer 20

Methylation

Question 21

found in E. coli bacteria, is a group of genes that encode biosynthetic enzymes for the amino acid tryptophan

Answer 21

TRP operon

Question 22

Low levels of tryptophan indicates

Answer 22

active transcription, and inactive repressor

Question 23

High levels of tryptophan implies

Answer 23

inactive transcription, and active repressor

tryptophan acts as co-repressor=off gene coding

Question 24

Lac Z

Answer 24

β-galactosidase

Question 25

Lac Y

Answer 25

galactoside permease or lac permease

Question 26

Lac A

Answer 26

Transacetylase

Question 27

a mechanism for reducing expression of the trp operon when levels of tryptophan are high

Answer 27

ATTENUATION

Question 28

Trp Operon: —————–: Lac Operon: Inducible System

Answer 28

REPRESSIBLE SYSTEM