Special Senses

Question 1

How many layers of fluid-filled sphere does the eye have?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

List the structural features of the eye

Answer 2

-fibrous tunic
-vascular tunic
-nervous (sensory) tunic
-lens
-anterior segment
-posterior segment

Question 3

What are the parts of the fibrous tunic?

Answer 3

sclera (white)
cornea (transparent)
conjunctiva

Question 4

what part of the vascular tunic contains melanin and is highly vascular?

Answer 4

choroid

Question 5

what is the coloured part of the eye?

Answer 5

iris

Question 6

What focuses the lenses?

Answer 6

ciliary body

Question 7

What is the hole in the iris?

Answer 7

pupil

Question 8

What are the three layers of neurons in the eye?

Answer 8

Photoreceptors
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells

Question 9

What are the two types of photoreceptors?

Answer 9

Rods- black + white
Cones- colour

Question 10

what part of the eye is the area of greatest visual acuity and is where the light focuses?

Answer 10

fovea centralis

Question 11

this has no rods NOR cones, and is where the optic nerve exits the eye

Answer 11

optic disc

Question 12

are lens vascular?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

what are cataracts?

Answer 13

clouding of lens

Question 14

what part of the eye contains aqueous humor and is anterior to the lens

Answer 14

anterior segment

Question 15

posterior segment contains what kind of humor?

Answer 15

vitreous humor which is gel-like

Question 16

What part of the ear conducts sound?

Answer 16

external, middle, and inner ear

Question 17

what are the parts of the external ear (3)

Answer 17

auricle (pinna) = elastic cartilage covered with skin
external auditory canal (meatus)
tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Question 18

What are the parts of the ear?

Answer 18

External Ear
Middle Ear
Inner Ear (labyrinth)
Cochlea
Receptors in Inner ear

Question 19

What are the parts of the inner ear?

Answer 19

bony labyrinth
membranous labyrinth

Question 20

what does the bony labyrinth contain? the membranous labyrinth?

Answer 20

perilymph, endolymph
IN ORDER

Question 21

What are the parts of the bony labyrinth? What are their functions?

Answer 21

semicircular canals = equilibrium
vestibule = equilibrium
cochlea = hearing

Question 22

what are the parts of the membranous labyrinth? where are they located?

Answer 22

semicircular ducts = inside canals
utricle + saccule = inside vestibule
cochlear duct = inside cochlea

Question 23

What are the 3 channels of the coils found in the cochlea?

Answer 23

scala vestibuli = upper; perilymph
scala tympani = lower; perilymph
cochlear duct = middle; endolymph

Question 24

What are the three membranes of the cochlea?

Answer 24

vestibular membrane = b/w cochlear duct and scala vestibuli
basilar membrane = b/w cochlear duct and scala tympani
tectorial membrane = covers hair cells

Question 25

what do hair cells that synapse with neurons do?

Answer 25

send impulses to the brain via cranial nerve VIII

Question 26

where do cilia that extend into endolymph embedded?

Answer 26

tips are embedded in tectorial membrane for stability