Special Populations

Question 1

Women have a greater proportion of type _ fibers in the thigh muscles

Answer 1

I

Question 2

Describe the relationship between performance and the menstrual cycle

Answer 2

Performance is not affected by the menstrual cycle, but the menstrual cycle is affected by performance

Question 3

The more training (especially endurance) that a women undergoes the more likely they will experience what?

Answer 3

amenorrhea

Question 4

What 4 things does amenorrhea lead to?

Answer 4

• Decreased production of LH, FSH, and estrogen
• Decreased bone mineral density
• Osteoporosis
• Increased risk of bone stress fractures

Question 5

Exercise in first 2 trimesters = ______ birth weight

Exercise continued into 3rd trimester = ______ birth weight

Answer 5

normal

lower

Question 6

Older adults have ______ end systolic volume and ______ end diastolic volume

Answer 6

higher

lower

Question 7

A what age does strength decline?

Answer 7

50

Question 8

A what age does power decline?

Answer 8

40

Question 9

What declines at a faster rate, strength or power?

Answer 9

power

Question 10

What are strength and power declines caused by?

Answer 10

Loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia)

Question 11

True or False

Older adults have relative improvements in VO2max the same as younger adults

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What causes VO2 max in older men?

Answer 12

increased cardiac output and stroke volume

Question 13

What causes VO2 max in older women?

Answer 13

peripheral adaptations (improved oxygen extraction by working muscles)

Question 14

Older adults should work at __% of VO2 max and - times per week (depending on duration) to train CV endurance

Answer 14

60

3-5

Question 15

What effect does endurance training have in postmenopausal women?

Answer 15

It enhances bone mineral density, but only in weight-bearing bones and joints of lower body

Question 16

What effect does resistance training have in postmenopausal women?

Answer 16

It increases bone mineral density throughout the body

Question 17

Describe the cause of type I diabetes

Answer 17

The pancreas fails to produce and secrete insulin into the bloodstream

Question 18

Describe the cause of type II diabetes

Answer 18

There is decreased sensitivity of insulin’s target tissues

Question 19

Describe the effect that exercise has on both types of diabetes

Answer 19

In type I diabetes it is beneficial to health, but does not improve the disease

In type II diabetes it can treat and even prevent the disease

Question 20

HIV/AIDS is associated with _____ VO2max and _____ fatigue

Answer 20

decreased

increased

Question 21

How long is phase 1 of a cardiac rehabilitation program?

Answer 21

3 weeks

Question 22

Describe phase 1 of a cardiac rehabilitation program

Answer 22

• includes light exercises such as walking

- HR should be 10-20 above resting

Question 23

How long is phase 2 of a cardiac rehabilitation program?

Answer 23

Up to 6 weeks

Question 24

Describe phase 2 of a cardiac rehabilitation program

Answer 24

Patient should be educated about proper exercise, and instructed how to monitor heart rate and RPE

Question 25

How long is phase 3 of a cardiac rehabilitation program?

Answer 25

9 weeks

Question 26

Describe phase 3 of a cardiac rehabilitation program

Answer 26

Includes flexibility, aerobic exercises, and weight training

Question 27

Describe phase 4 of a cardiac rehabilitation program

Answer 27

Goals are to improved fitness, maintain, and prevent future cardiovascular problems

Question 28

What are the MET levels to work at for each phase of a cardiac rehabilitation program?

Answer 28

1) 4
2) 6
3) 8
4) 10