Special Populations Flashcards
Infant massage
Useful for bonding, relieving discomfort and promoting digestion.
Useful cues in infant massage
Infant behaviour
Typical strokes in infant massage
Touch holds, Swedish milking, thumb over thumb and thumb spreading.
Baby engagement cues
Smiling, cooing, bright eyes, eye contact, reaching towards the parent.
Baby disengagement cues
Crying, gaze aversion, arching, splayed finger and toes, leg kicking.
Lubricant in infant massage
Must be edible to prevent accidental ingestion.
Considerations for massaging children
Leave the clothing on to avoid accidental exposure.
Considerations for massaging teenagers
Use an oil-free lotion to prevent acne.
Considerations for massaging amputees
Acquire special consent. Details of the surgical procedure can help explain trigger points.
Central venous catheter
Central line; a flexible tube is inserted into the righ subclavian vein. Often used for dialysis, blood withdrawal, chemotherapy and medications.
Massage consideration for central venous catheters
Use side-lying
Implantable Cardiverter Defibrillator (ICD)
Device that detects and corrects abnormal heart rates.
Pacemaker
Device inserted near the pectoralis major. Regulates the heart rate.
Massage and pacemakers
Use extra pillows for the arm. Avoid leads.
Stent
Tube which creates an increase in vessel diameter.
Massage and stents
Avoid superficial stents and use light pressure over deep ones.
Colostomy
Opening through the abdominal wall which accesses the bowel.
Massage and colostomies and ileostomies
Have client empty the bag before hand and avoid eating for two hours prior.
Ileostomy
Opening through the abdominal wall which accesses the ileum.
Massage and terminal illness
Used to improve quality of life. Sessions should be shorter and more frequent.
Neoplasm
Tumour
-oma
Tumour
Carcinoma
Epithelial tumour
Melanoma
Tumour derived from melanocytes.
Sarcoma
Tumour which develops from muscle or connective tissue.
Leukemia
Rapid, abnormal growth of white blood cells.
Lymphoma
Cancer arising from lymphatic tissue.
Considerations for massage with radiation treatment
Avoid applying lubricant to treatment area and use cool towels for burning and itching sensations.
HIV attacks which types of cells?
T cells
Massage and clients with drug withdrawal
Avoid deep tissue work as it may exacerbate the drug withdrawal.
Treatments which must be avoided for pregnant women
Limit heat techniques to 20 minutes. Avoid CBD products.
Miscarriage
The loss of a fetus before 20 weeks gestation.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
A clot within a deep vein, usually within the legs.
Symptoms of DVT
Unilateral leg swelling, redness and heat.
Supine hypotensive syndrome
Drop in blood pressure caused by compression of major abdominal vessels by the enlarged uterus.
Left lateral tilt
A pillow is placed under the right hip to prevent supine hypotensive syndrome. Use from 22 weeks gestation on.
Preeclampsia
Persistent high blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy.
Symptoms of preeclampsia
Edema, headaches and visual disturbances.
Traction and pregnancy
Should be avoided until 4-6 months postpartum due to the effects of relaxin.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Heartburn and indigestion which often occurs in pregnancy.
Massage and GERD
Instruct clients not to eat for 3 hours before the massage. Use a semi-reclining or seated position.
Round ligament
Uterine ligament found in the anterolateral uterus. Passes through the groin and enters the labia majora and terminates in the mons pubis.
Round ligament pain
Stretching can refer pain to the groin, abdomen and anterior thigh.
Broad ligament
A wide, double layered section of peritoneum that extends laterally from the uterus. Surrounds the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Edema in pregnancy
Cause by increased fluid volume, the compression of vessels and pregnancy hormones.
Massage for edema
Massage proximally, then distally, then proximally
Varicose veins
Enlarged veins caused by incompetent vascular valves.
Stages of childbirth
Dilation of the cervix, expulsion of the baby and expulsion of the cervix.
Benefits of postpartum massage
Decreased swelling, anxiety, depression and pain. Increased relaxation
C-section massage
Use side-lying to avoid the scar. Avoid vigorous massage until 12 weeks postpartum.
Massage lubricant for infants
Must be edible due to the risk of accidental ingestion.
Massage for children
Should be clothed to prevent accidental exposure.
Massage for adolescants
Use oil-free lotion to prevent acne.
Fried’s frailty system
A scoring system to determine whether a client is frail or robust.
Criteria for Fried’s frailty system
Slow walking speed, muscle weakness, exhaustion, physical inactivity, unintentional weightloss
