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Massage Therapy Module 5 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the upper respiratory system

A

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx.

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2
Q

Components of the lower respiratory system

A

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs and diaphragm.

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3
Q

Functions of the respiratory system

A

Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide, olfaction, speech, and maintain homeostasis.

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4
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal, sphenoidal, ethmoidal, maxillary.

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5
Q

Other name for pharynx

A

Throat

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6
Q

Epiglottis

A

Closes the trachea during swallowing and is the guardian of the airway.

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7
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Breathing; includes inhalation and exhalation.

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8
Q

Vital capacity

A

Total amount of ait that can be forcefully inspired or expired from the lungs in one breath.

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9
Q

Dyspnea

A

Laboured or difficult breathing.

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10
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequate oxygen at the cellular level.

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11
Q

Anoxia

A

Inadequate oxygen at the system or organism level.

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12
Q

Hiccups

A

Spasm of the vocal cords and contraction of the diaphragm.

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13
Q

Olfaction

A

The sense of smell.

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14
Q

Anterior nares

A

Nostrils

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15
Q

Posterior nares

A

Nasal entrance into the pharynx.

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16
Q

Conchae

A

Ridged projections in the walls of the nasal cavity.

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17
Q

Meatuses

A

Grooved passageways between the conchae.

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18
Q

Paranasal sinus functions

A

Lighten the skull and act as resonance chambers.

19
Q

Frontal sinus

A

Found superior to the eyebrows.

20
Q

Sphenoidal sinus

A

Found behind the eyes.

21
Q

Ethmoidal sinus

A

Found between the nasal cavities and the eyes.

22
Q

Maxillary sinus

A

The largest paranasal sinus. Found inferior to the cheekbones and superior to the upper teeth.

23
Q

Pharynx

A

A muscular tube which connects the nasal cavity to the larynx.

24
Q

Sections of the pharynx

A

Naso, oro and laryngo

25
Q

Which section of the pharynx is open to the Eustacian tubes?

A

Nasopharynx

26
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box. Connects the pharynx to the trachea. Contains the thyroid cartilage, glottis and epiglottis.

27
Q

Glottis

A

Portion of the larynx which contains the vocal folds.

28
Q

Epiglottis

A

Flap which covers the trachea during swallowing. Part of the larynx.

29
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe. Connects the larynx to the bronchi. Made up of C shaped cartilagenous rings.

30
Q

Carina

A

Point at which the trachea branches into bronchi.

31
Q

Bronchi

A

Connect the trachea to the lungs. Branch down into bronchioles and then alveoli.

32
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs, the site of gas exchange in the lungs.

33
Q

Respiratory membrane

A

Alveolar epithelium, the basement membrane and the capillary endothelium.

34
Q

Lungs

A

Organs of respiration. Extend from clavicle to diaphragm and lie against the ribcage.

35
Q

Lobes of the lungs

A

The right lung has 3 and the left lung has 2.

36
Q

Pleural membrane

A

Membrane which covers the lungs.

37
Q

Breathing

A

The process used to move air in and out of the lungs. Controlled mainly be the medulla oblongata.

38
Q

External respiration

A

Gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and blook in the capillaries.

39
Q

Internal respiration

A

Gas exchange between the blood in the capillaries and the tissue cells.

40
Q

Breathing reflexes

A

Sneeze, cough, hiccup, yawn.

41
Q

Sneeze

A

Forceful expulsion of air to clear the upper respiratory tract. Can be triggered by airborn particles, bright light or cold air.

42
Q

Cough

A

Forceful expulsion of air to clear the lower respiratory tract.

43
Q

Hiccup

A

Spasmadic closure of the vocal cords after forceful contraction of the respiratory muscles to assist with the removal of air from the stomach.

44
Q

Yawn

A

Very deep inhalation. Triggered by the need for increased oxygen or decreased CO2 or to equalize ear pressure.

Massage Therapy Module 5 (6 decks)

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