Muscles Flashcards
Pectoralis major origin
Medial half of the clavicle, the sternum and the costal cartilages of ribs 1 to 6.
Pectoralis major insertion
Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Pectoralis major actions, all fibers
Adduct and medially rotate the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint. Assist to elevate the thorax during forced breathing.
Pectoralis major actions, upper fibers
Flex and horizontally adduct the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint.
Pectoralis major actions, lower fibers
Extend the shoulder to neutral.
Pectoralis major innervation
Upper fibers is the lateral pectoral nerve. The lower fibers is the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.
Quadratus lumborum origin
Posterior iliac crest
Quadratus lumborum insertion
12th rib and the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-4
Quadratus lumborum actions, unilateral
Laterally tilt the pelvis (lumbosacral joint) and laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side (spinal joints).
Quadratus lumborum actions, bilateral
Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation and assists to extend the vertebral column.
Quadratus lumborum innervation
Lumbar plexus
External intercostal origin
Inferior border of the rib above.
External intercostal insertion
Superior border of the rib below
External intercostal actions
Draw the ribs superiorly to assist with inhalation.
External intercostal innervation
Thoracic nerves
Internal intercostal origin
Inferior border of the rib above.
Internal intercostal insertion
Superior border of the rib below.
Internal intercostal action
Draws the ribs inferiorly to assist with exhalation.
Internal intercostal innervation
Thoracic nerves.
Rectus abdominis origin
Pubic crest and the pubic symphysis
Rectus abdominis insertion
Cartilages of ribes 5-7 and the xiphoid process.
Rectus abdominis actions
Flexes the vertebral column at the spinal joints and posteriorly tilts the pelvis at the lumbosacral joints.
Rectus abdominis innervation
Ventral rami of T5-T12.
External abdominal oblique origin
External surfaces of ribs 5-12.
External abdominal oblique insertion
Anterior part of the iliac crest, the rectus sheath and the linea alba.
External abdominal oblique actions, unilateral
Laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side and rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side, spinal joints.
External abdominal oblique actions, bilateral
Flex the vertebral column and compress the abdominal contents.
External abdominal oblique innervation
T5-T12
Common names for the external abdominal oblique
Coat pocket muscles, SCM of the torso.
Internal abdominal oblique origin
Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and the thoracolumbar fascia.
Internal abdominal oblique insertion
Internal surface of the lower 3 ribs, the rectus sheath to the linea alba.
Internal abodminal oblique actions, unilateral
Lateral flexion of the vertebral column and rotation of the vertebral column to the same side.
Internal abdominal oblique actions, bilateral
Flex the vertebral column and compress the abdominal contents.
Internal abdominal oblique innervation
Ventral rami of T7-T12, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves.
Diaphragm origin
Costal - inner surface of the lower 6 ribs. Lumbar - upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae. Sternal - Inner part of the xiphoid process.
Diaphragm insertion
Central tendon.
Diaphragm actions
Draw down the central tendon of the diaphragm and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation.
Diaphragm innervation
Phrenic nerve (C3, 4, 5)
Psoas major origin
Bodies and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.
Psoas major insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur.
Psoas major actions, bilateral with origin fixed
Flex the hip and may laterally flex the hip at the coxal joint.
Psoas major actions, bilateral with insertion fixed
Flex the trunk towards the thigh and anteriorly tilt the pelvis at the lumbosacral joint.
Psoas major unilateral actions
Laterally flex the lumbar spine.
Psoas major innervation
Branches of the lumbar plexus from L1 to L4.
Iliacus origin
Iliac fossa.
Iliacus insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur.
Iliacus action with origin fixed
Flex the hip and may laterally rotate the hip.
Iliacus action with insertion fixed
Flex the trunk towards the thigh and tilits the pelvis anteriorly.
Iliacus innervation
Femoral nerve (L1-L4)
Pectoralis major palpation key
Seated, resist horizontal flexion and adduction.
Quadratus lumborum palpation key
Supine - superman or hip hike.
Intercostals palpation key
Place fingers between ribs, have client take slow, deep breaths.
Rectus abdominis palpation key
Client supine - crunch
External obliques palpation key
Have client contralaterally rotate the trunk
Internal obliques palpation key
Have client ipsilaterally rotate the trunk
Diaphragm palpation key
On left side of client, curl fingers around the bottom of the ribs as they exhale.
Iliacus palapation key
Curl fingers around the ilium as the client exhales.
Psoas major palpation key
Rotate fingers clockwise and sink in half-way between umbilicus and ASIS, have client lift leg.
