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Pharmacy > Special Notes > Flashcards

Special Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Diuretics ineffective with renal impairment

A

Thiazides (except Metolazone)

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2
Q

Diuretics effective with renal impairment

A

Loop diuretics

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3
Q

Diuretic that reduces cardiac remodelling in HF

A

Spironolactone

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4
Q

Selective B blockers

A

Metoprolol, atenolol

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5
Q

Alpha, beta blockers

A

Labetalol, carvedilol

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6
Q

Used for hypertensive pregnants

A

Alpha methyldopa

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7
Q

Useful in hypertensive patients with renal impairment

A

Alpha 2 agonists

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8
Q

IV antihypertensive that doesn’t reduce renal perfusion and is useful in patients with renal insufficiency

A

Fenoldopam

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9
Q

Recommended to be used immediately after MI

A

ACEI

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10
Q

Used for left ventricular systolic dysfunction and not for diastolic or right sided HF

A

Digoxin

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11
Q

Their abrupt discontinuation can lead to rebound hypertension and angina

A

BB, clonidine

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12
Q

Diuretics used in ttt of diabetes insipidus

A

Thiazides

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13
Q

Can be used to treat hypercalciuria (Ca oxalate stones in urine)

A

Thiazides

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14
Q

Ineffective diuretic in a patient wz Addison disease

A

Spironolactone

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15
Q

Diuretics used for glaucoma and mountain sickness

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors e.g. Acetazolamide

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16
Q

Second generation antipsychotic that is a partial agonist of D2 receptors

A

Aripiprazole

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17
Q

Antipsychotic that has antiemetic and antihistaminic action and used for motion sickness and pruritis

A

Promethazine

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18
Q

Antipsychotic used for chemotherapy- induced nausea

A

Haloperidol

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19
Q

Antipsychotic used for ttt of motor and phonic tics

A

Pimozide

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20
Q

Antipsychotic used for Bipolar disorder and depression

A

Aripiprazole

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21
Q

Antipsychotic with profound sedative effect

A

Chlorpromazine

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22
Q

Antiepileptic used only in absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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23
Q

Antiepileptic used for partial seizures, tonic- clonic seizures, trigeminal neuralgia and bipolar disorder

A

Carbamazepine

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24
Q

Antiepileptic used for partial seizures and ttt of postherpetic neuralgia

A

Gabapentin

Pregabalin» also for neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia

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25
Q

Antiepileptic used for partial, generalized, absence seizures and bipolar disorder

A

Lamotrigine

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26
Q

Antiepileptic that is used in ttt of status epilepticus

A

IV Phenobarbital

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27
Q

The use of this antiepileptic requires the use of additional birth control method

A

Topiramate

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28
Q

Antiepileptic with broad spectrum activity against seizures and with teratogenic effect

A

Valproic acid

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29
Q

LABA that is not used for acute asthma

A

Salmeterol, formoterol

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30
Q

Nicotine withdrawal symptoms

A

Craving, nervous, difficulty concentrating, anxiety, increase appetite (wt gain)

31
Q

Nicotine overdose symptoms

A

Palpitation, difficulty breathing, N V D

32
Q

Method of smoking cessation in which you have to stop smoking completely

A

Nicotine based: nicotine patch or gum

33
Q

Method of smoking cessation in which you can smoke for the first 2 weeks of treatment

A

Non nicotine base: bupropion (Zyban)

34
Q

Nicotine patch storage conditions

A

Room temp.

35
Q

Dosage forms of NRT

A

Inhalers, spray, gum, patch, lozenges

36
Q

Can Bupropion be taken with NRT ?

A

Yes, with or without NRT

37
Q

An exam used to assess cognitive impairment

A

Minimental scale exam (MMSE)

38
Q

A pseudoirreversible AchEI

A

Rivastigmine

39
Q

A competitive AchEI

A

Galantamine

40
Q

Phenytoin dosage forms

A

Suspension, chewable tablet, capsule, IV

41
Q

Antiepileptics that don’t interact with oral contraceptives

A

Gabapentin, valproic acid

42
Q

Antidepressants used for management of chronic pain, neuropathic pain and diabetic peripheral neuropathy

A

SNRI

TCA (lesser extent)

43
Q

SNRI that should not be used in hepatic insufficiency or end stage renal disease

A

Duloxetine

44
Q

Their abrupt stop may precipitate discontinuation syndrome

A 
SNRI
SSRI (except fluoxetine as it has v. long half life)
45
Q

A drug that is used to overcome craving and attenuate the withdrawal symptoms of nicotine

A

Bupropion

46
Q

Antidepressant with highest sedating properties

A

Mirtazapine

47
Q

Insomnia self care

A

Avoid exercise before bedtime.

48
Q

Drugs used for weight loss therapy

A

Orlistat, Sibutramine, Bupropion, Topiramate

49
Q

Drugs gives loss of appetite

A

Metformin, amiodarone, CNS stimulants (amphetamine & methylphenidate)

50
Q

Drugs increase appetite

A

TCA, corticosteroids, oral contraceptive, sulfonylurea

51
Q

Drugs causes weight gain

A

TCA, sulfonylurea, insulin, MAOI, antipsychotic 2nd generation, meglitinides

52
Q

All insulin are clear solution except ?

A

Intermediate insulin NPH

Humulin N, Novolin N

53
Q

Types of insulin to be taken as IV

A

Ultra rapid & rapid insulin

54
Q

Produce earlier insulin release than the other Sulfonylureas

A

Gliclazide (Diamicron)

55
Q

Sulfonylurea that needs dose adjustment in renal impairment

A

Chlorpropamide, Glyburide

56
Q

Sulfonylurea with the lowest risk of cardiovascular events & high hypoglycemia

A

Glyburide (Diabeta)

57
Q

Sulfonylurea with the lowest risk of hypoglycemia

A

Glimepiride (Amaryl)

58
Q

Long acting 3rd generation Sulfonylurea

A

Glimepiride

59
Q

Oral antidiabetic drug that is good for obese patient & no hypoglycemia

A

Metformin

60
Q

B2 agonists that act as tocolytic agents

A

Isoxuprine, ritodrine

61
Q

Type of insulin that is not mixed with other insulins

A

Long acting

Glargine & Detemir

62
Q

Oral hypoglycemic that is safe in pregnancy

A

Glyburide

63
Q

Oral hypoglycemic drug that is used in polycystic ovarian syndrome

A

Metformin and thiazolidinediones

64
Q

Can cause resumption of ovulation in post menopausal women

A

Thiazolidinediones

65
Q

If hypoglycemia occurs with patient taking Sulfonylurea & acarbose, what will be given to him?

A

Glucose not sucrose

66
Q

Oral hypoglycemic drugs can be taken with or without food

A

DPP-4inhibitors

Thiazolidinediones (PPAR-y agonist)

67
Q

Used in the treatment of prostatic cancer, endometriosis, precocious puberty

A

GnRH analogues: goserelin, nafarelin, histrelin

Their continuos administration results in the suppression of gonadal hormones

68
Q

Used for ttt of hyperprolactinemea, macroprolactinomas, pituitary microadenoma

A

D2 receptor agonists: bromocriptine, cabergoline

69
Q

Can cause suppression of TSH secretion

A

Dopamine, GH, glucocorticoids

70
Q

Persistent asthma

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

71
Q

Patients counseling for use of MDI (metered dose inhalers) and DPI (dry powder inhalers)

A

MDI: breath in slowly and deeply just before the activation of the inhaler
DPI: breath in quickly and deeply after the activation of the inhaler
For both: mouth rinsing after the dose to reduce the risk of systemic side effects

72
Q

A corticosteroid that has an antiemetic action

A

Dexamethasone

73
Q

Oral contraceptive used for severe acne

A

Diane 35 (cyproterone/ EE)

Pharmacy (17 decks)

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