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Pharmacy > Side Effects > Flashcards

Side Effects Flashcards

1
Q

B blockers

A

MED, decreased libido
CNS: insomnia, hallucinations
Alterations in lipid pattern

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2
Q

Thiazides

A 
Hypokalemia leading to cardiac arrhythmia 
Hyponatremia
Hyperuricemia leading to gouty attacks
Hypercalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia
Hypersensitivity (sulpha moiety)
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3
Q

ACEI

A

Dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema

Postural hypotension, reversible renal insufficiency

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4
Q

Verapamil

A

AV block, constipation

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5
Q

Nifedipine

A

Headache, dizziness, gingival enlargement

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6
Q

Alpha 1 blockers

A 
Postural hypotension, syncope
Reflex tachycardia (add b blocker to avoid)
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7
Q

Alpha 2 agonists

A

Sedation

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8
Q

Hydralazine, minoxidil

A

Reflex tachycardia (use b blocker)
Salt, water retention (use diuretic)
Precipitation of angina

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9
Q

Digoxin

A

Arrhythmia,
anorexia, nausea,
blurred vision, confusion

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10
Q

Spironolactone

A

Gynecomastia, dec. libido, menstrual irregularities

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11
Q

Organic nitrates

A

Headache, facial flushing, tachycardia

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12
Q

Loop diuretics

A

Ototoxicity
Hypo: K, Ca, Mg
Hyperuricemia

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13
Q

Has less endocrine side effects than spironolactone

A

Eplerenone

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14
Q

Clozapine

A

Agranulocytosis, bone marrow suppression, seizures

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15
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Extrapyramidal symptoms, inc. prolactin» less in 2nd gen.
Anticholinergic» chlorpromazine, thioridazine, olanzapine
Weight gain, hyperlipidemia

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16
Q

Phenytoin

A

Nystagmus, ataxia
Gingival hyperplasia» chlorhexidine MW
Osteoporosis

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17
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Agranulocytosis, Stevens Johnson syndrome

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18
Q

Pregabalin

A

Weight gain, peripheral edema, blurred vision

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19
Q

Topiramate

A

Weight loss, renal stones

20
Q

Chlorpromazine, pimozide, haloperidol

A

QT prolongation

21
Q

Levodopa

A

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia
Tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, hypotension
Psychosis, depression, anxiety

22
Q

Tolcapone

A

Hepatic cirrhosis

23
Q

Bromocriptine

A
  • Same as levodopa
  • Pulmonary and retroperitonial fibrosis
  • Peripheral vasospasm
24
Q

Antimuscarinics

A

Xerostomia (dry mouth), urine retention, constipation

Confusion, hallucination, pupillary dilation

25
Q

Tacrine

A

Hepatotoxic

26
Q

Acetylcholinestrase inhibitors

A

Nausea, diarrhea, tremors, bradycardia, muscle cramps, anorexia a

27
Q

Non ergot dopamine agonists:

Pramipexole, Ropinirole

A

Sudden sleep attack

28
Q

SSRI

A

GI disturbances, weight changes,
sleep disturbance: paroxetine, fluvoxamine> sedation. Fluoxetine, sertraline> activation
sexual dysfunction
Lowering seizure threshold

29
Q

Trazodone

A

Priapism, sedation

30
Q

Nefazodone

A

Hepatotoxic

31
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Sedation, weight gain

32
Q

ICS

A

Oral pharyngeal candidiasis.

Mouth rinsing and using spacer can minimize S.E.

33
Q

Bupropion

A

More common: dry mouth, insomnia

Less common: myalgia, hypertension, arthralgia, pruritus

34
Q

Chlorpropamide

A 
Disulfiram reaction (with alcohol gives N, V, flushing)
Syndrome of inappropriate antiduretic hormone (SIADH) leading to edema
35
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

Hypoglycemia and weight gain

36
Q

Metformin

A

Lactic acidosis (increased by alcohol, renal, hepatic disease)
GI S.E. So start low and titrate
Decrease VB12

37
Q

Thiazolidinediones

A

Weight gain, fluid retention (edema), osteopenia, increase risk of pregnancy if no adequate contraception used.

38
Q

Acarbose

A

Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, flatulance

39
Q

DPP-4 inhibitor

A

Nasopharyngitis, headache

40
Q

Propylthiouracil

A

Hepatotoxic

41
Q

B2 agonists (for asthma ttt)

A

Tachycardia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, skeletal muscle tremors

42
Q

Leukotriene antagonists

A

Elevation in hepatic enzymes

43
Q

First generation antihistaminics

A

Anticholinergic effects: dry eye/ mouth, urine retention, constipation

44
Q

Thioamides: propylthiouracil, methimazole

A

Agranulocytosis so monitor CBC

rash, edema

45
Q

Intranasal corticosteroids

A

Nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat

46
Q

Estrogens

A

Nausea, breast tenderness, thromboembolic events, peripheral edema, inc. risk of breast and endometrial cancer.

47
Q

Oral contraceptives

A 
ACHE
Abdominal pain
Chest pain, cholasma
Hypertension, headache, DVT
Eye problems

Pharmacy (17 decks)

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