Special Equipment & Patient Care Environment Flashcards
o Most common bed used in hospitals
o Can be adjusted using electrical controls
Standard Adjustable
Controls may be located at the head or foot of the
bed, on the side rail, or attached to a special cord
o Can be raised or lowered, can be folded
Standard Adjustable
Cost-efficient
o Gives basic needs
Standard Adjustable
This bed has three divisions to accommodate the ____– upper portion of the bed s elevated 55 to 60 deg, facilitates chest expansion
Has three divisions to accommodate the Fowler’s
position – upper portion of the bed s elevated 55
to 60 deg, facilitates chest expansion
o Aka Poster wedge
o To immobilize patients with spinal injuries
Turning / Stryker Wedge Frame
For skeletal stability
o Facilitates horizontal turning
Turning / Stryker Wedge Frame
To facilitate the Trendelenburg position
Turning / Stryker Wedge Frame
Pro and Con of the Turning bed
Pro: Easier access to areas to be treated
Cons: Patient may develop contractures, Has weight and height limit
Aka Keane Roto-Rest
o For patients that has multiple fractures to be immobilized
Post-trauma Mobility Bed
Prevents pressure ulcers
o A form of restraint
o Has side to side motion
Post-trauma Mobility Bed
Con of Post-trauma Mobility bed
Cons: Patient may experience motion sickness
Has segmented and separated air bladders
o Amount of air pressure in each bladder can be controlled individually depending on the patient’s size, weight, and shape
Low Air Loss Therapy Bed
Mechanical ventilators / Respirators
❖ Ensures adequate air movement in and out of the lungs
Ventilators
Long term support – has a predetermined gas that will be delivered during INSPIRATION
o For patients that has COPD, post thoracic surgeries, CNS disorder, and some musculoskeletal disorders that affect respiration
Volume-Cycled Ventilators
short-term ventilation – intermittent positive- pressure breathing
o For selected patients with: neuromuscular or musculoskeletal distress
Presure-Cycled Ventilators
Atmosphere/Environmental pressure is higher than the thoracic pressure to allow air to enter
o Primarily for persons with poliomyelitis
Negative Pressure Device
Mode of Ventilation:
Trigger from pt, assist in the deliver of gasses
Assist mode
Mode of Ventilation:
synchronized with pt.’s breathing
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode
Mode of Ventilation:
pressure positive, better absorption of gas
Positive end- expiratory pressure (PEEP) mode
Mode of Ventilation:
Time based
Control
Mode of Ventilation:
high pressure
Continuous Positive airway pressure mode
Mode of Ventilation:
During inhalation and time based
Assisted Control
Mode of Ventilation:
minimum number of breathes
Intermittent mandatory ventilation mode
Shows the Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate, Temperature, Blood gases, Cardiac pattern
Vital Signs Monitor
Measures oxygen saturation (SaO2)
o Attachment: patient’s finger or ear
Oximeter
Define:
Ventricular catheter:
➢ Subarachnoid screw:
➢ Epidural sensor:
Ventricular catheter: most accurate and allows
withdrawal of CSF.
➢ Subarachnoid screw: accurate but does not allow
withdrawal of CSF.
➢ Epidural sensor: poor reliability = rarely used
(Swan-Ganz Catheter) internal jugular or the femoral vein
o Right atrial pressure, PAP, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Pulmonary Artery Catheter
Pressure exerted against the skull by brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Intracranial Pressure Monitor
Types of
Intracranial Pressure Monitor (3)
Ventricular catheter: most accurate and allows withdrawal of CSF.
Subarachnoid screw: accurate but does not allowwithdrawal of CSF.
Epidural sensor: poor reliability = rarely used
A plastic tube inserted through a nostril that
terminates in the patient’s stomach.
Nasogastric (NG) tube
Pressure in the right atrium or the superior vena cava
o Inserted into an artery (radial, dorsal pedal, axillary, brachial, femoral)
Central Venous Pressure Catheter
Blood pressure or to obtain blood samples without repeated needle punctures
Arterial Line (A line)
Cephalic or internal jugular vein and passes through the superior vena cava to near the tip of the right atrium
Indwelling Right Atrial Catheter (Hickman)
Most common being to prevent clots after surgery
- Heparin
- Coumadin
- Plavix
Lovenox
- Arixtra
Aspirin
Anticoagulation
IV feeding techniques used to permit infusion of large amounts of nutrients
Intravenous Feeding, Total Parenteral Nutrition, And
Hyperalimentation Devices
Functions:
➢ Removing fluid or gas from the stomach and GIT
➢ Evaluating digestive function and activity in the
GI tract.
➢ Administering medications directly into the GIT
➢ Providing a means to feed the patient.
➢ Allowing treatment in the upper portion of the GIT
➢ Obtaining gastric specimens.
Nasogastric (NG) tube
A medical device used to remove urine from the bladder when a patient has lost voluntary control of urination.
Urinary Catheter
A __ is a plastic tube that is
inserted directly into the stomach through an
incision in the patient’s abdomen.
Gastric Tube
Used for infusion of nutrients, fluids, electrolytes or deliver medications intravenously
Intravenous Infusion Lines
Function:
➢ Many of the purposes described for the NG tube also apply to the G tube.
Gastric Tube
How to Operate a Gastric Tube:
➢ Insert the tube through an incision directing it toward the stomach.
Gastric Tube
Components:
➢ infusion pump which will administer fluid and nutrients
➢ audible alarm
Intravenous Feeding, Total Parenteral Nutrition, And Hyperalimentation Devices
Function:
➢ Means to deliver nutrients intravenously to patients who are unable to, should not, or refuse to eat
Intravenous Feeding, Total Parenteral Nutrition, And Hyperalimentation Devices
Any form of trauma, disease, disorder affecting the neuromuscular control of the bladder sphincter or such, may require the use of a?
Urinary Catheter
Components of the __system:
➢ solution/Fluid container device that measures the number of drops of fluid administered per minute
➢ Roller clamp
➢ Needle
➢ Infusion pumps (special cases)
Intravenous Infusion Lines
A small, sterile tube used to drain urine from the bladder.
FOLEY CATHETER
Applied over the shaft of the penis and is held in place by an adhesive applied to the skin
EXTERNAL CATHETER
Inserted directly into the bladder through an incision in the lower abdomen and bladder.
SUPRAPUBIC CATHETER
For patients who require additional oxygen due to various conditions, such as MI or cardiac problems, respiratory diseases, or inadequate lung function.
❖ Essential for post-surgery recovery, cardiac problems, respiratory diseases, or inadequate lung function
Oxygen Therapy Systems
aids in the post- operative or post- procedural recovery of patients
➢ used to assist patients experiencing difficulty breathing, facilitate improved respiratory function, and enhance their overall quality of life.
Oxygen Therapy Systems
preventing potential complications arising from respiratory issues, including severe conditions like heart failure and stroke.
➢ used in symptom management, contributing to longer and healthier lives.
Oxygen Therapy Systems
Amount of air the Nasal Cannula supplies
Low to moderate of oxygen
o Has two plastic prongs (tips) that are inserted into the patient’s nostrils and is connected with a plastic connector that rests below the nose and above the patient’s upper lip
o Secured by a tubing positioned above the ears
Nasal Cannula
a triangular plastic device with small vent hose in to expel exhaled air
o Covers the patient’s nose and mouth
Oronasal Mask
Amount of oxygen the oronasal mask supplies
Short periods, moderate oxygen Concentrations
can be inserted through the nasal passage to the nasopharyngeal junction
o located just below the level of the soft palate use of it is similar to those described for the nasal cannula
Nasal Catheter
Encloses the patient’s trunk and head
o Edges must be properly sealed and must be frequently monitored by a nursing personnel restless, very young, uncooperative, or extremely ill
Tent
Can be temporary or permanent
o Can be administered by a mask over or catheter inserted into the stoma
o Depends on the case of the Patient
Tracheostomy Mask or Catheter
Tubes inserted within the chest through an incision
and are connected by suction systems.
Chest Drainage Systems
give individuals with chronic respiratory disease to be
mobile even with their illness.
Oxygen Therapy Systems
Essential for treating both acute and chronic conditions. mainly used in variety of healthcare settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, and residences.
➢ it improves oxygen levels in the blood
Oxygen Therapy Systems
Function: Remove air, blood, purulent matter, or other
undesirable material from the chest
Chest Drainage Systems
reduces shortness of breath
➢ improves sleep quality reduces risk of complications lifeline which provides essential support for a patient’s vital function
Oxygen Therapy Systems
Types of Chest Drainage Systems
One-bottle system
➢ Two-bottle system
➢ Three-bottle system
These are devices that accommodates the surgically produced opening in the abdomen allowing elimination of feces.
Ostomy Devices
To help patients who underwent ostomy eliminate
feces via an artificial stoma in the small intestine
Ostomy Devices
What is the significance of the Different placement for different types of drainage:
Anterior or lateral chest wall
Inferiorly and posteriorly -
Mediastinal tubes -
Anterior or lateral chest wall - removal of air
Inferiorly and posteriorly - removal of fluids and blood
Mediastinal tubes - drain blood and fluid (for open chest surg)
for displaced or comminuted femoral fx
❖ utilizes splints and involves inserting a pin or wire through the tibial plateau
❖ Importance: treats femoral fractures effectively
BALANCED SUSPENSION TRACTION
Types of To help patients who underwent ostomy eliminate
feces via an artificial stoma in the small intestine
Ostomy device
Types of collecting devices: (ostomy) and their differences
One-piece pouch - directly attached to the skin entirely
Two-piece pouch - attached to the skin with twodifferent parts
Adhesive-backed pouch - has an adhesive backing
D: maintain alignment & stability after fx reduction
❖ KC&F: hardware applied internal
❖ Importance: shorter period of immobilization, maintains local circulation rapid return to functional activities
INTERNAL FIXATION
System that allows the patient to self-administer a small predetermined dose of pain medication intravenously, as frequently as every 6 mins.
❖ patient can wear it on the wrist or has on the bedside only deliver the pre-measured dose
PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA
D: Equipment used by tongs positioned into small
holes drilled in outer layer of the skull.
❖ KC&F: Used for patients with a fracture or dislocation of one or more cervical vertebrae.
❖ Importance: Help to reduce the fracture and dislocation.
❖ PT needs to immobilize the part of the head
SKULL TRACTION
stabilization with frames
❖ applied externally to pt.’s extremities
❖ Importance: allow earlier & greater, mobility, alignment
EXTERNAL FIXATION
Importance: Lessen the workload of the healthcare professional,
records the number of request made by the patient
PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA
for patient’s with acute or end-stage renal disease.
❖ 2 primary methods:
hemodialysis and peritoneal
DIALYSIS TREATMENT
