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ertified exam prep > Spain - North Central Spain > Flashcards

Spain - North Central Spain Flashcards

1
Q

The Ebro River and Oja River runs through what region?

A

Rioja - Spain

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2
Q

The dominate red grape in Rioja is?

A

Tempranillo

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3
Q

What is the name of the French road, a route through Rioja names for French Pilgrims who, with millions of other devout Europeans, walked across Northern Spain to the shrine of the Apostle James Santiago de Compostela, in the far western province of Galicia

A

Camino Francès

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4
Q

What is the signature of Rioja wines?

A

Long oak barrels aging

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5
Q

Why is Manuel Quintano famous in Spain?

A

First to use Bordelaise method, of using large French oak barrels.

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6
Q

How did Marquès de Murrieta and Marquès de Riscal change the aging process in Rioja?

A

Instead of using large oak barrels from France. They used small oak barrels

  • also incorporated using North American Oak instead of French oak for economic reasons
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7
Q

Where did the region Rioja get its name?

A

From the Rio Oja, one of the seven tributaries of the Ebro River

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8
Q

What is a Comisionado?

A

The Spanish term for a French Merchant (Nègociant)

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9
Q

Phylloxera hit Rioja in what year and destroyed what percentage of its vineyards?

A

1901 and 70%

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10
Q
  • Odium, a parasitic fungus
  • Phylloxera

Both of these changed the Spanish Wine industry how?

A

Both were reasons why the French came to Spain to either grow wine or buy wine

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11
Q

What are the two styles of Rioja

A

Traditionalist (new world Method) - age their wines for a long period of time usually in American Oak Barrels

  • use old barrels to get a softer, gentler, and less aggressive flavor
  • and leave the wines in barrels for a long time
  • fruit forward driven

Modern (Alta Expresión) (old world Method) - made from riper grapes and aged for shorter periods in French oak barrels

  • matures the wine faster
  • adds depth , length, complexity and intensity
  • earthy flavored, with hints of vanilla
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12
Q

In 1991, this region in Spain became the first to carry the designation of DOCa

A

Rioja

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13
Q

What region is sheltered by the:

  • Pyrenees Mountain to the Northeast
  • Cantabrian Mountains to the Northwest
  • Montes Vascos
A

Rioja

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14
Q
  • Rioja Alta
  • Rioja Alavesa
  • Rioja Baja

What do these 3 have in common?

A

3 subregions of Rioja

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15
Q

Finest grapes in Rioja come from what 2 areas and why?

A
  • Rioja Alta
  • Rioja Alvesa

Because they are located closer to the Atlantic Ocean and have cooler climate

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16
Q

What is the climate of Rioja

A

Continental and Rain Shadow

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17
Q

Why are wines from Rioja Baja different?

A

Rioja Baja sets at a lower elevation than the other 2 sub regions

Is further south and more in land than the other 2 subregions

Climate is warmer and more dryer

More Mediterranean climate than continental

higher alcohol and lower acidity

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18
Q

What is the soil type of Rioja?

A

Clay mixed with:

  • Limestone
  • Sandstone
  • Iron - rich clay

Loamy Soil with alluvial silt that comes from the Ebro River

Note:
- the best vineyards planted use clay / Limestone / sandstone soils mostly found in Rioja Alvesa and Rioja Alta

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19
Q

Name on parent of Tempranillo?

A

Albillo Mayor - white grape from Ribera del Duero

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20
Q

What is the Spanish name for the French Grenache?

A

Garnacha

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21
Q

What is the Spain name for the French Carignan?

A

Mazuelo

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22
Q

This Spanish grape name means graceful

  • very hard to grow due to late ripeness
  • very limited amounts of this grape is produced
A

Graciano

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23
Q

What type of wines does Rioja traditionally make?

A

Red blends

  • known as the Spanish Bordeaux
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24
Q

Main white grape of Rioja

A

Viura

Known as Macabeo in other regions of Spain

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25
Q

Aging requirements in Rioja:

⚪️:must be aged for 18 months and 6 months in oak barrels (cask)

🔴: Must be aged for at least two years, one of which must be in oak barrels (cask)

A

Crianzas

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26
Q

Aging requirements for Rioja:

⚪️: Must be aged for two years, six months of which must be in oak barrels

🔴: Must be aged for at least 3 years, one of which must be in oak barrels

A

Reserva

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27
Q

Aging requirements for Rioja:

⚪️- Must be aged for four years, one year of which must be in oak barrels

🔴- Must be aged for a least 5 years, two of which must be in oak barrels and the remaining 3 of which must be in a bottle

A

Gran Reserva

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28
Q

What are Vinos Jovenes and Sins Crianzas?

A

Young and basic wines from Rioja that don’t get exported

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29
Q

What type of barrels typically are Rioja Gran Reserva aged in?

A

Neutral Oak

30
Q

Navarra, La Rioja (rioja), and Aragón are apart of what region of Spain

A

North Central Spain

31
Q

Soft, muted red fruit, firm acidity and the unmistakeable oak aroma of dill, vanilla and cedar describe what influence on Spanish wines?

A

American Oak

32
Q

In Spain Mazuelo, Granciano, Granacha, and Maturana Tinta are typically blended with what grape?

A

Tempranillo

33
Q

In Rioja, 85% is the minimum or 95% if destemmed is the requirements for what wine in Rioja?

A

Tempranillo

34
Q

What regions in Spain has a requirement of 225 liters the size of a barrique

A

Rioja

35
Q

Haro is known as the capital city of wine for what region in Spain?

A

Rioja

36
Q

These subregions of Rioja have a calcareous soil type

A

Rioja Alta

Rioja Alavesa

37
Q

This subregion of Rioja has a soil type of alluvial soil and ferrous clay

A

Rioja Baja

38
Q

This is considered the hottest subregion of Rioja and garnacha grows well there because of the warm climate

A

Rioja Baja

39
Q

Navarra DO is known for making what kind of wines and what is the grape

A

Red Wines - Garnacha 🔴 & Tempranillo 🔴

White - Chardonnay ⚪- only makes up 6% of the vineyard acreage

40
Q

Valdizarbe - high altitude

Baja Montaña - high altitude

Tierra Estalla - north

Ribera Alta - Center

Ribera Baja - South

Make up the 5 sub regions of what region in Spain

A

Navarra

41
Q

Campo de Borja DO

Calatayud DO

Cariñena DO

Somotano DO

Make up the 4 DO’s for what region?

A

Aragon

42
Q

This region is know for making very good Rosado wines from the Garnacha grape

A

Navarra

43
Q

What is the two main red grapes of Aragon?

A

Granacha and Tempranillo

44
Q

What are barrels called in Rioja

A

Barricas

45
Q

Tempranillo

Mazuelo (Carignan)

Graciano

Garnacha

Maturana Tinta

These red grapes must make up what percentage of the red blend in Rioja

A

85%

95% if destemmed

46
Q

Malvasia Riojano ⚪, Maturana Blanca ⚪, and Granacha Blanca are what?

A

Secondary white grapes from Rioja

47
Q

What classic grapes are allowed to be used in Rioja and what percentage can they make up

A

Chardonnay⚪

Sauvignon Blanc ⚪

Verdejo ⚪

Cannot account for more than a combined 49% of the blend

48
Q

What is the minimum requirement of red grapes required in a Blanco and Rosado wine?

A

25% minimum of red grapes required for Rosado wines

49
Q

What is the aging requirements for Blanco & Rosado Crianza wines and what are they aged in

A

18 months including a minimum 6 months in a stainless steel

50
Q

What is the Blanco and Rosado Reserva aging requirements

A

Two years including a minimum 6 months in a oak barrel

51
Q

What is the aging requirements for a Blanco and Rosado Gran Reserva

A

4 years including a minimum 6 months in a oak barrel

52
Q

What Rioja subregion is the smallest and the northernmost zone?

A

Rioja Alvesa

53
Q

Rioja Alvesa is located in what country

A

Basque Country

54
Q

Tempranillo wines from Rioja Alavesa are mostly made in what form

A

Vino Joven

55
Q

What is the grape characteristic of Rioja Alavesa

A

Freshness

56
Q

What is the grape characteristic of Rioja Baja

A

Extract and Alcoholic Warmth

57
Q

What is the grape characteristic of Rioja Alta

A

Acidity and Structure

58
Q

What type of wines do they make in Navarra

A

Vino Tinto and Rosado

59
Q

Roses from Aragon are mostly made from what two grapes

A

Garnacha 🔴

Tempranillo 🔴

60
Q

What is the dominate grape in Catatayud DO and Cariñena DO

A

Granacha

61
Q

Cariñena is the ancestral home to what grape

A

Carignan / Mazuelo 🔴

62
Q

Somontano DO produces wines from what grapes

A

Alcañon ⚪

Partaleta 🔴

63
Q

How many acres of Vines are in Rioja

A

157,000 acres (73,500 hectares)

64
Q

What is the soil type of Rioja Alvesa

A

Calcareous Clay

  • Limestone
  • Sandstone
65
Q

Arinzano

Prado de Irache

Otazu

La Fina Bolandin

What do these all have in common

A

Name Pago DO that is located in Navarra

66
Q

What region is Bodega Ysios located

A

Rioja Alavesa

67
Q

What famous architect designed the Marques de Riscal estate

A

Frank Gehry

- famed architect of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao

68
Q

What is the oldest winery in Haro

A

De Heredia

69
Q

What famous architect designed De Heredia

A

Zaha Hadid

70
Q

What is the Berceo winery named after

A

Gonzalo de Berceo

  • father of the Spanish Language
  • famous poet
71
Q

What is Miguel Torres famous for

A

In the 1960s he bought stainless Steel and temperature controlled fermentation to Catalonia

72
Q

What are Marques Riscal and Marques de Murrieta famous for

A

Bringing the Medoc method of making Bordeaux style wines to Spain

  • also using barriques aging for there barricas
  • Estate bottling

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