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Australia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the climate of Australia

A

Warm to hot - temperate

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2
Q

What is the main white grape of Australia

A

Chardonnay

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3
Q

What is the main red grape of Australia

A

Shiraz

Cabernet Sauvignon

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4
Q

Where does Australia rank in the world in regards to wine production?

A

6th

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5
Q

This country today is the second leading exporter of wine to the United States

A

Australia

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6
Q

What is the other name of Shiraz and where is it from

A

Syrah and Northern Rhone in France

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7
Q

When did wine come to Australia?

A

In 1788 when planted planted purchased grape vines from Cape Town, South Africa

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8
Q

When did Phylloxera hit Australia and what areas were effected the most?

A

Late 1800’s and Victoria and NewSouth Wales were hit the hardest

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9
Q

What was the original type of wines Australia was known to make?

A

Sweet fortified wines

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10
Q

When did Australia began to make single grape varietal wines?

A

In the 1960’s and 1970’s with the emergence of California and other non European countries, Australia turned to make classic wines

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11
Q

What is the most important grape grown in Australia and why?

A

Shiraz due to the extremely warm climate in South Australia

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12
Q

What is Penfolds Grange Shiraz

A

Created from the best Shiraz vintages in Australia, one of the worlds greatest wines ever produced

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13
Q

What type of wine laws does Australia have?

A

Laws similar to the United States:

  • loose
  • can grow anything and anywhere
  • no specific winemaking practices have to be followed
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14
Q

What is the number 1 country Australian wines are exported too and why?

A
  1. Inexpensive because of international currency exchange. The Australian dollar is worth less than the U.S dollar, meaning more value
  2. Easy to understand,English is the official language of Australia and their system of wine laws are similar to American regulations
  3. They make wines specifically for the American Market.
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15
Q

How does Australia label their wines?

A

By grape varietal

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16
Q

If a grape is listed on a label of Australian wine, what percentage of the grape must make up that wine?

A

85%

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17
Q

If two or more grapes were used in production what is the requirement?

A

If neither meets the 85% minimum, then the grapes will be listed in descending order of content, often accompanied by relative percentages

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18
Q

What is the requirements for regional labeling of Australian wines?

A

85% of the grapes must come from the listed region

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19
Q

What is Geographic Indications?

A

Also known as G.I

Australia official wine producing areas

A hierarchy of size was established

Based more off physical location than viticultural reasons

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20
Q

Largest official geographic indication

A

South Eastern Australia - is the only region that is larger than a single state, covering all or part of every state in southern and eastern australia

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21
Q

Is there any native species of grapevines found in Australia?

A

No, all of the grapes grown in the country have foreign origins

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22
Q

Why is Chardonnay such a popular grape in Australia

A

Exporting wines to the United States

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23
Q

What are the two types of Chardonnays made in Australia

A
  • oaky and buttery flavors (taste manipulated by the oak barrels)
  • Cooler - Climate Regions will produce more reserved and acidic wines
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24
Q

The Australian term for Syrah comes from what?

A

The Dutch term of the grape

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25
Q

What Australian grape produces a fortified and intensely sweet wine called “stickies”

A

Muscat

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26
Q

This Australian grape produces a 100% Verizon of the grape and is called Hunter Valley Riesling

A

Sèmillion

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27
Q

What is the top producing region in Australia?

A

South Eastern Australia GI

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28
Q

Western Australia

South Australia

Victoria

New South Wales

Tasmania

All these are regions of what country

A

Australia

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29
Q

Perth is the most important city in what region in Australia?

A

Western Australia

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30
Q

What is the climate of Western Australia and why?

A

Maritime - due to the converging of the Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean

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31
Q

What is the most important GI in Western Australia?

A

Margaret River

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32
Q

Where did Margaret River get its name?

A

From river that flows through the center of the region

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33
Q

What Are the main grapes of Margaret River?

A

White: Chardonnay

Red: Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

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34
Q

What is the most important wine producing region in Australia?

A

South Australia

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35
Q

Barossa Valley

McLaren Vale

Clare Valley

Coonawarra

Are all recognized Vineyards in what region?

A

South Australia

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36
Q

What are the main grapes of Barossa Valley?

A

Red: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Grenache

White: Riesling

Note:
Higher Elevation: produces Shiraz

Lower Elevation: produces Riesling

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37
Q

What type wines are made in McLaren Vale?

A

Shiraz

Grenache

Bordeaux varieties

White: Chardonnay

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38
Q

The Southern most winemaking zone in south Australia is called!

A

Limestone Coast - named after the rich subsoils that cover the land

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39
Q

The mixture of limestone, red clay and sand in South Australia is called?

A

Terra Rossa Soil

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40
Q

Coonawara means what?

A

Honeysuckle

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41
Q

What is the main grape grown in Coonawara?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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42
Q

The Southern most wine regions on the mainland of Australia are located at?

A

Victoria

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43
Q

In the fortified wine known as Stickies, what is the other name for Tokay?

A

Muscadelle

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44
Q

What GI is highly regarded for Riesling?

A

Clare Valley

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45
Q

True or False

A minimum 75% of the states vintage is required for vintage dated wines in Australia?

A

False must have a minimum of 85% of the stated vintages is required for vintage dated wines in Australia

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46
Q

True or False

Coonawarra is famous for Terra Rossa Soil?

A

True

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47
Q

What state is Yarra Valley located within?

48
Q

What is the dominant grape of Barossa Valley?

49
Q

Who produces Grange?

50
Q

Australia ranks _______ in terms of worldwide wine production

51
Q

The most important red grape varietal in Australia, and the country’s most widely grown grape is __________.

52
Q

Australia’s wine regions are limited to the cooler, northern area of the country?

A

False - do to the warmer climate of the north it is harder to grow grapes so mostly all wine production is done in southern Australia

53
Q

The first grapevines planted in Australia were in the region now known as?

A

New South Wales

54
Q

True or False

Sweet fortified wines produced in Australia are referred to as “stickies”

55
Q

The leaning state for wine production in Australia today is __________.

A

South Australia

56
Q

An officially recognized wine region in Australia is called a GI, which stands for __________.

A

Geographic Indication

57
Q

If a label on an Australian bottle of wine list a grape variety, the wine must contain at least ________ of the listed grapes.

58
Q

In the 1800s what was the largest region of production in Australia

59
Q

How did Victoria lose its position as the leading wine producing area in Australia

A

Phylloxera decimated the Vines of Victoria

60
Q

What is the leading area of production of wine in Australia

A

South Australia

  • it accounts for 50% of the countries wine
61
Q

The Murray, Darling and Murrumbidgee River are located in what country

62
Q

Australia is the ___________ largest wine exporter in volume

63
Q

Is chaptalization allowed in Australia

64
Q

Max Schubert created and debuted what iconic Australian wine in 1951,

65
Q

What was the original name of Grange

A

“Grange Hermitage”

66
Q

Who produces Hill of Grace and what grape is the main grape

A

Henscke

  • Shiraz 🔴
67
Q

What is Wine Australia

A
  • established in 1981
  • maintains oversight over the wine industry
  • regulates its label language
  • defines geographical boundaries of wine regions
  • moderating exports and trade
  • promoting the product at home and abroad
68
Q

If a wine from Australia is labeled by variety, vintage or region what is the grape requirements

69
Q

In Australia if there are multiple varieties are listed on the label what are the requirements

A

Grapes must be listed in order of proportion in the blend

70
Q

Victoria

Tasmania

New South Wales

South Australia

Queensland

These areas make up what multi state zone in Australia

A

South Eastern Australia

71
Q

The first vineyards in Australia where planted where in 1788

A

New South Wales

72
Q

What is the name of the mountain range that runs along the north and south axis of eastern Australia that separates the wetter coastal areas from the more arid interior

A

The Great Dividing Range

73
Q

What GI sets in the Riverina Region ( also known as the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area)

A

New South Wales

74
Q

The producer Casella, produces what wine

A

Yellow Tail

75
Q

The producer De Bortoli, produces what wine

A

Noble One - a botrytised Semillon dessert wine

76
Q

Tyrrell’s “Vat 1” is a famous wine from what region in Australia

A

Hunter Valley

77
Q

New South Wales and Australia Capital Territory split what region in Australia

78
Q

What is the main grape of Canberra District region

A

Syrah 🔴

79
Q

What is he northern most GI in Australia

A

South Burnett

80
Q

The coolest and smallest state in Australia is

81
Q

Port Phillips Bay is located in what area in Australia

82
Q

What is the climate of coastal Victoria

A

Maritime climate

83
Q

What is the main grape of Yarra Valley

A

Pinot Noir 🔴

84
Q

What is Victoria’s oldest wine region

A

Yarra Valley

85
Q

What are the soil types of Yarra Valley

A

Grey Brown Sandy Loam

Red Basalt

86
Q

What is the climate of Mornington Peninsula

87
Q

What are the main grapes of Victoria

A

Pinot Noir 🔴

Pinot Gris ⚪

Chardonnay ⚪

88
Q

The inland zones of North East Victoria, North West Victoria, and Central Victoria have what type of climate

A

Continental

89
Q

Murray Darling and Swan Hill set in what region in Australia

A

Victoria and New South Wales

90
Q

What are the main grapes in North West Victoria

A

Chardonnay ⚪

Shiraz 🔴

91
Q

Bendigo

Heathcote

Goulburn Valley

These GI’s are located in what region in Australia

A

Victoria (Central Victoria)

92
Q

What is the main grape of Central Victoria

A

Shiraz 🔴

93
Q

The Spencer Gulf and Gulf St Vincent are major bodies of water for what region in Australia

A

South Australia

94
Q

Where in south Australia are most of the vineyards located

A

Lower Southeastern sector of the state

95
Q

Where is the limestone coast located

A

South Australia

96
Q

What is the climate of the limestone coast

97
Q

Coonawarra is located in what area in Australia

A

The Lime coast zone (south Australia)

98
Q

What is Coonawarra main grape

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

99
Q

Majella

Wynns “John Riddoch”

Parker Estate’s “First Growth”

These are some of the top Cabernet Sauvignon producers from what GI in Australia

A

Coonawarra

100
Q

What is the main soil of Coonawara

A

Terra Rossa

101
Q

The warmest zone and most important of the Fleurieu Zone

A

McLaren Vale

102
Q

What are the main grapes of McLaren Vale

A

Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴

Rhône Varieties (Shiraz, Grenache, Mourvèdre)

103
Q

D’Arenberg - “Dead Arm” Shiraz

Yangarra’s “ High Sand” Grenache

Drew Noon’s “Eclipse” Grenache Blend

Clarendon Hills “Astralis” Shiraz

These are all top wines from what area in Australia

A

McLaren Vale

104
Q

Langhorne Creek GI

McLaren Vale GI

Currency Creek GI

Southern Fleurieu GI

These make up what zone in South Australia

105
Q

Adelaide Hills

Adelaide Plains

Clare Valley

These make up what zone in South Australia

A

Mount Lofty Range

106
Q

What Mountain range encapsulates Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, and Clare Valley

A

Mount Lofty Range

107
Q

What is the southern most GI in the mount Lofty Range

A

Adelaide Hills GI

108
Q

The most important region for premium Shiraz is

A

Barossa Zone

109
Q

In Barossa what do they usually age the wines in

A

300 liter American oak hogsheads

110
Q

What are the main grapes of Eden Valley

A

Riesling

Chardonnay

Viognier

Shiraz

Cabernet Sauvignon

111
Q

What are the main grapes of Margaret River GI

A

Chardonnay

Semillon

Sauvignon Blanc

Cabernet Sauvignon

112
Q

What is the main climate of Margaret River GI

113
Q

Cullen

Vasse Felix

Leeuwin Estate

Cape Mentelle

These are all top producers from what GI in Australia

A

Margaret River GI

114
Q

What GI is east of Margaret River

A

Great Southern GI

115
Q

Mount Barker

Frankland River

Albany

Porongurup

Denmark

These are all sub regions to what GI

A

Great Southern GI

116
Q

Perth is the main city in what area of Australia

A

Western Australia

117
Q

What is the hottest Appellation in Australia

A

Swan Valley GI

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