Portugal Flashcards
Denominação de Origem Controlada (all DOC wines are apart of the Denominação de Origem Protegida)
IGP’ – ‘Protected Geographical Indication or Vinho Regional
Vinho de Mesa or simply Vinho
This is the quality classification for what country
Portugal
This classification in Portugal has the strictest regulations, Top Quality Classification
Denominação de Origen Controlada
This classification in Portugal is a temporary classification for higher quality regions seeking DOC status
Indicação de Proveniencia Regulamentada
This region in Portugal is a better quality classification with looser restrictions. Also known as “regional wines”
Vinho Regional
This qualification in Portugal is the lowest quality classification with the loosest restrictions. Also known as “table wines”
Vinho de Mesa
What is Vinho Tinto
Portuguese for Red Wine
What is vino branco
Portuguese for white wine
What is Vino Rosado
Portuguese for rose wine
What does Maduro mean
Portuguese for Old
What does Seco (Portugual) mean
Dry
What does Doce (Portugal) mean
Sweet
What does Colheita mean
Portuguese for vintage
What does Garrafeira mean
Wine of very high quality, aged for a specified period longer than the minimum regional standards
What does Quinta mean
Portuguese for Winery / Estate
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Baga 🔴
Castelão 🔴
Are the main grapes for what country
Portugal
Alvarinho ⚪
Is the main white grape for what country
Portugal
In Portugal do they make single varietal wines or so they like blends
Blends are the wine choice in Portugal.
This grape for Portugal is known to be full bodied, fruit - rich, tannic wines of power and structure
Touriga Nacional 🔴
This grape grows best in the Portuguese regions of Douro and Dão
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Tinta Bairrada is the alternate name for what Portuguese grape
Baga 🔴
This red grape from Portugal is heavily relied upon for the production of red wine in Northern Portugal
Baga 🔴
This Portuguese grape is the most important white grape of Northern Portugal
Alvarinho ⚪
This white grape in Portugal is often the main grape used in production of white wines in Minho and Vinho Verde
Alvarinho ⚪
What is the Spain name for Alvarinho
Albariño
This grape from Portugal produces light bodied wines with a moderate acidity and alcohol.
This grape is all about fruit flavors and aromas - commonly peaches, citrus, kiwi fruit, and melon and the wines it produces are best served young
Alvarinho ⚪
Where does most of the wine production in Portugal take place
Northern regions of Portugal
What is the main northern city in Portugal
Oporto
What is the main southern city in Portugal
Lisbon
What is the name of main river that runs through the Douro DOC
Rio Duoro
What body of water is located west of Portugal
Atlantic Ocean
What are the two main DOCs of Duriense IGP
Douro DOC
Porto DOC
This DOC in Douro is known to make the best red wines in Portugal
Douro DOC
This region in Portugal is known to make the best Port wines in Portugal
Porto DOC
This river translates to “river of gold” in English
Rio Douro
From west to east these are the subzones to what DOP
Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior
Douro DOP
What styles of wines to they make in Douro DOP
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado 🔴
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Espumante 🥂🍾
Vinho Licoroso: Moscatel do Douro (fortified)
What is the minimum alcohol content for Douro DOP
Branco / Rosado: 10.5%
Tinto: 11%
Espumante: 11%
Moscatel do Douro: 16%
What is the aging requirements for vinho tinto in Douro DOp
Wines may not be released until May 15 of the year following the harvest
What is the aging requirements for Vinho Espumante of Douro DOP
9 months on the lees
What is the aging requirements for Moscatel do Douro in Douro DOP
18 months
What is the main soil type of Douro DOP
Schist
When did Douro gain its DOC status
1998
- was established as a região demarcada in 1982
What is the minimum percentage of grape that a wine must make up in a states region if it is a vinho regional
85%
As of 2011 how many IGP’s are there in Portugal
14
Minho
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras do Dão
Terras de Cister
Terras da Beira
Beira Atlântico
Tejo Lisboa
Alentejano
Península de Setúbal
Algarve
Terras Madeirenses
Açores
These are IGPs for what country
Portugal
If produced as vintage dated DOP or IGP, a Portuguese table wine must be labeled as what
Garrafeira (private wine cellar)
- meaning a minimum period of aging prior to release
Tinto Garrafeira must have a minimum aging of?
Minimum 30 months, including at least 12 months in the bottle
Blanco / Rosado Garrafeira must have a minimum aging of?
12 months aging, including 6 months in bottle
How can a still wine from Portugal be labeled Reserva
When a still table wine has a designated origin
What is the requirement for Reserva Portuguese wine
Must indicate an alcohol content of at least .05% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP
What is the requirement for traditional method for Portuguese Reserva sparkling wines
Minimum 12 months on the less prior to dégorgement
What is the requirement of a wine is labeled Colheita Seleccionada
A minimum 1% higher alcohol content than trust established by regional appellation
The most widely grown red grape in Portugal
Castelão 🔴
Periquita is synonym for what grape
Castelão 🔴
Who is J.M. Da Fonseca
Was the originator of bottling the grape Castelão grape under the name Periquita.
What percentage of vineyards does Touriga Nacional make up
10%
Bical Tinto and Mortágua Preto are synonyms for what Portuguese grape
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Do the premium red table wines of Portugal use oak
Yes, new French oak in a manner similar to Bordeaux
What is Tempranillo known as in Portugal
Tinto Roriz
Aragonez
What is Fernão Pires ⚪
The most planted white grape in Portugal
What is Maria Gomes a synonym of
Fernão Pires in Bairrada
What grape is known as the dog strangler and why
Eagana Cão - due to its high acidity
Where is Minho IGP and Vinho Verde DOP
Northwestern part of Portugal
What is the climates of Portugal
North Coast: Maritime - lush, rainy, humid, moderate temps
South: Mediterranean, Little rain during growing season
Interior of Portugal: continental and arid (mountains block ocean influence)
Due to the long damp growing season in Minho IGP and Vinho Verder DOP what are the grapes at high risk of getting
Grey rot
What is the name of the training system used in Minho IGP and Vinho Verde DOP
Enforcado
What is enforcado
A vine training system used in Northern Portugal.
- Vines will grow up the trunk of trees, telephone poles and stakes, creating an overhead canopy
What does Vinho Verde mean and why
“green wine” a reference to the wines youthful freshness and verdant countryside
What is the largest DOP in Portugal
Vinho Verde
How many hectares make up Vinho Verde DOP
60,000 hectares that stretch northward from the city of Oporto to the Spanish border the Minho river
Loureiro is used to make what famous Portuguese wine
White Vinho Verde
What wine does alvarinho grape in Portugal
Vinho Alvarinho
Loureiro ⚪
Arinto ⚪
Trajadura ⚪
Avesso ⚪
Azal ⚪
These grapes make up the blend for what Portuguese wine
White Vinho Verde
What type of wines do they make in Minho DOP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinto Rosado ⚪🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
How are the white wines from Minho IGP and Vinho Verde DOC pétillant
A result of carbon dioxide injection prior to bottling
What does pétillant mean
Portuguese for slightly sparkling
How are the red wines of Minho IGP and Vinho Verde DOC pétillant
From malolactic fermentation in the bottle
When is the best time to drink wines from Minho IGP and Vinho Verde DOC
For Vinho Tinto and vino Branco the best time is a year after they are released
What is the minimum alcohol requirement in Minho IGP
7.5% potential, 8.5% actual
When was the Minho IGP established
1993
What region does Vino Verde DOP lay in
Minho IGP
Monção e Melgaço
Lima
Cávado
Basto
Ave
Amarante
Sousa
Baião
Paiva
These are the subzones for what DOC / DOP in Portugal
Vinho Verde DOP
What styles of wine to they make in Vinho Verde DOP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado 🔴⚪
Vinho Espumante 🍾🥂
What type of wine do they make in the subzone of Monção e Melgaço
Alvarinho - still wine and sparkling
What is the aging requirements for Vinho Verde DOP, Vinho Espumante
A minimum of 9 months on the lees
What is the minimum alcohol content for Vinho Verde DOP
Still wine: 8%
Still wine from a specific subzone (except Sousa): 9%
Espumante: 10%
When was the Vinho Verde DOP established
1999
Where is Transmontano IGP located
East of Minho IGP along the Spanish border to the north of Duriense
What is the main DOC / DOP of Transmontano IGP
Trás-os-Montes DOP
What is the climate of Transmontano IGP
Continental - dry, hot, and mountainous
What is the average rainfall during growing season (April - October) in Transmontano IGP
13.3 inches
What is the yearly average rainfall in Transmontano IGP
29.8 inches
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) 🔴
Bastardo (Trousseau) 🔴
Touriga Francesa 🔴
Trincadeira 🔴
These are the main grapes for what IGP in Portugal
Transmontano IGP
Fernão Pires ⚪
Sïria ⚪
Viosonho ⚪
Gouveio ⚪
Malvasia Fina ⚪
Rabigato ⚪
These are the most planted white grapes for what IGP
Transmontano IGP
Prior to the creation of the Duriense IGP what two DOPs were apart of Transmontano IGP
Duero DOC
Porto DOC
What styles of wine to they make in Transmontano IGP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado 🔴⚪
What is the minimum alcohol content of wines from Transmontano IGP
10%
When was the Transmontano IGP established
2006
What region does Trás-is-Montes DOP lay in
Transmontano IGP
Chaves
Valpaços
Planalto Mirandês
Are the subzones for what DOC / DOP
Trás - so - Montes DOP
What styles of wine do they make in Trás-os-Montes DOP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado ⚪🔴
Vinho Espumante 🍾🥂
Vinho Licoroso
What is the minimum alcohol content of wines from Trás-so-Monte DOP
Vinho Branco / Rosado: 11%
Vinho Tinto: 11.5%
Vinho Espumante: 10%
Vinho Licoroso: 16.5%
What are the sparkling wine aging terms for Trás-so-Montega DOP
Reserva: 12-24 months aging prior to disgorgement
Extra Reserva: 24-35 months prior to disgorgement
Reserva Velha / Grande Reserva: Minimum 3 years prior to disgorgement
What is the main soil of Trás-so-Monte DOP
Schist and granite
When was the Transmontano DOP established
2006
What was Portugals first demarcated wine region
The Douro
What are the mountain ranges that the Rio Duero flow through
Marão Mountains (Serra do Marão)
Montemuro Mountains (Serra de Montemuro)
What is the main climate of the Douro DOP
Continental
What protects the Douro from the humid Atlantic winds
The regions craggy mountains
What subzone of Douro is located in the western part of the region and has the highest density of planting
Baixo Corgo
What subzone of Douro has the highest total vineyard acreage
Cima Corgo @ 17,000 hectares
What subzone of Douro stretches to the Spanish border, is the largest, most arid, and most sparsely planted region in Douro
Douro Superior
What is the name of the Vinho Licoroso that is produced and released as Douro DOP
Moscatel do Douro
Vinho Licoroso Port from the Douro region is released under what DOP
Porto DOP
50% of the region’s wines are released as what DOP
Porto
Touriga Nacional 🔴 (most popular)
Touriga Franca 🔴
Tinta Roriz 🔴
Tinta Cão 🔴
Tinta Barroca 🔴
These are the main red grapes for what DOC / DOP
Douro DOC / DOP
Porto DOC / DOP
Malvasia Fina ⚪
Viosinho ⚪
Rabigato ⚪
Gouveio ⚪
These are the main white grapes for what DOC / DOP
Douro DOC / DOP
Porto DOC / DOP
The grape Moscatel galego is used for what wine in Douro DOC / DOP
Vinho Licoroso
Reserva wines from Douro DOC must have an minimum alcohol content of what
11.5 - 12% for Branco, Tinto, and Rosado
White Reserva wines from Douro DOC / DOP must be aged how long
6 months
Red Reserva wines from Douro DOC must be aged how long
1 year
What is the IVDP
Institudo dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto
A regulatory body established in 2004
- Controls quantity and quality of Port and Douro wines by regulating production and certifying the wine after a rigorous quality control process
How does a wine from Douro DOC get the label grande Reserva
- IVDP must certify the wine m
- must meet Reserva criteria m
- score exceptionally well in blind tasting analysis
What is sparkling wine called that comes from Douro DOc
Espumanto do Douro
What do you call late harvest wines from Douro DOC
Colheita Tardia
What is Vila Nova de Gaia
The only place in Duriense IGP where you by law have to age and ship port from
What is the average rainfall during growing season (April - October) in Duriense IGP
16.9 inches
What is the yearly average rainfall in Duriense IGP
40.3 inches
When was Duriense IGP established
2006
Terras do Dão IGP
Terras de Cister IGP
Terras da Beira IGP
Beira Atlântico IGP
These IGPs were formally apart of what region
Beira
Dão DOP
Lafões DOP
These two DOPs lie in what IGP in Portugal
Terras do Dão IGP (Or simply Dão)
Bairrada DOP
This DOP lies within what IGP in Portugal
Beira Atlântico
Terras do Sicó is the only subregion to what IGP
Beira Atlântico
This DOP is a center of sparkling wine production
Távora - Varosa DOP
Távora - Varosa DOP is located in what IGP
Terras de Cister IGP
Terras de Cister IGP is also known as what
The land of the Cistercians
Beira Interior DOP is located next to what country
Spain
Beira Interior DOP lies in what IGP
Terras da Beira IGP
Beira Castelo Rodrigo
Cova da Beira
Pinhel
These are the subzones of what DOC in Portugal
Beira Interior DOP
Serra da Estrela 🏔
Serra do Caramulo 🏔
Serra da Nave 🏔
These are the 3 Mountain ranges that protect this DOP from the harsh winds of the continental interior, yet insulated from the wet, cool maritime weather systems coming from the coast
Dão DOP
What the best vineyards in Dão DOC are located at what elevation
Between 400 to 500 meters above sea level
- this helps preserve acidity
What percentage of vineyards does Dão DOC have dedicated to winemaking
Only 5% of the total region is utilized for viticulture
What is the highest mountain range in Portugal
Serra da Estrela
Serra da Estrela
Alva
Besteiros
Castendo
Silgueiros
Terras de Azurara
Terras de Senhorim
These are the 7 subzones for what DOP in Portugal
Dão DOP
What type of wines do they make in Dão DOP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado ⚪🔴
Vinho Espumante 🥂🍾
What type of wine do they make the most in Dão DOP
Vinho Tinto - accounts for over 3 quarters of the total output for the Dão DOP
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Jaen 🔴
Touriga Franca 🔴
Alfrocheiro 🔴
Aragonez 🔴
Bastardo 🔴
Rufete 🔴
Trincadeira 🔴
Tinta Cão 🔴
These are the recommended red grapes for what DOP in Portugal
Dão DOP
Encruzado ⚪
Bical ⚪
Cercial ⚪
These are the recommended ( but not limited to) white grapes of what DOP in Portugal
Dão DOP
What classic grapes can be grown in Dão DOP and what percentage are they allowed in a blend
Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴
Semillion ⚪
- can’t be more than 40% of a blend
What is the minimum alcohol if you label a wine garrafeira if it’s from Dão
11.5%
What is the aging and alcohol requirements for Tinto Garrafeira in Dão DOC
36 months, 12 months in the bottle
11.5 apv
What is the minimum alcohol and aging requirements for Vinho Tinto in Dão DOC
11% minimum alcohol
- Can not be released before May 15 of the year following harvest
What is the aging requirement and minimum alcohol content of Tinto Reserva
11.5 apv
Must be aged for 24 months
True or False
Only red wines from Dão DOC can be nobre
False both red and white wines can be nobre wines provided certain requirements are met
What’s does Nobre mean
Portuguese for noble
For a tinto wine to be considered nobre in Dão DOC it must have what?
Minimum 15% :
Touriga Nacional 🔴
Maximum 85%:
Jaen🔴
Rufete🔴
Alfrocheiro🔴
Aragonez 🔴
Minimum 36 months of aging
Minimum 12% apv
For a wine to be labeled Tinto Nobre Reserva what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 12.5%
Minimum 42 months aging
For a wine to be labeled Tinto Nobre what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
12% minimum alcohol
Minimum 36 months of aging
For a wine to be labeled Tinto Nobre Garrafeira what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 12.5 alcohol
Minimum 48 months (including 18 months in the bottle)
For a Branco wine to be considered nobre in Dão DOC it must have what?
Minimum 15%:
Encruzado ⚪
Maximum 85%: Cercial ⚪ Bical ⚪ Malvasia Fina ⚪ Verdelho ⚪
- one year of aging prior to release
- minimum 11.5 apv
For a wine to be labeled Branco Nobre what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 11.5% apv
Minimum 12 months aging
For a wine to be labeled Branco Nobre Reserva what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 12% apv
Minimum 12 months aging
For a wine to be labeled Branco Nobre Garrafeira what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 12% apv
Minimum 18 months ( including 9 months in the bottle) aging
For a wine to be labeled Branco what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 11% apv
- no minimum aging limit
For a wine to be labeled Branco Reserva what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 11.5 apv
Minimum 6 months aging
For a wine to be labeled Branco Garrafiera what is the Alcohol and aging requirements
Minimum 11.5% apv
Minimum 12 months (including 6 in the bottle)
What was Portugal first Região Demarcada in 1908
Dão
What is the main soil of Dão
Granite
The Dão DOC was established in what year
1990
What is the aging and minimum alcohol for Vinho Espumante in Dão DOc
9 months of the lees
Minimum alcohol is 11%
What type of wines are made I Bairrada DOC
Vinho Tinto 🔴
Vinho Branco ⚪
Vinho Rosado 🔴⚪
Vinho Espumante 🍾🥂
What is the main soil of Barriada DOP
Lime - rich clay (Barros)
What is the dominate wine type that is made the most in Barriada DOP
Vinho Tinto 🔴
What is the main grape of Barriada DOP
Baga 🔴
Maria Gomes (Fernão Pires) ⚪
Arinto ⚪
Are the two main Branco grapes of what a DOC
Barriada DOP
What is the preferred soil of the Branco grapes in Barriada DOP
Sandy soil
For red wine in Barriada what grape do you have to have a 50% minimum of?
Baga 🔴
How can a wine be labele Bairrada Classico
If it uses all native grapes
Provides a minimum alcohol of 12.5%
What river flows north of Lisboa and empties out into the Atlantic Ocean
Tagus River
How many DOPs does Lisboa have?
9
Bucelas DOP
Colares DOP
Carcavelos DOP
Arruda DOP
Torres Vedras DOP
Alenquer DOP
Óbidos DOP
Lourinhã DOP
Encoatas de Aire DOP
These DOPs are all located in what area in Portugal
Lisboa
Encostas de Aire overlapped what subzones of Lisboa IGP
Estremadura and Alta Estremadura
Alta Estremadura
Estremadura
These are the two subzones for what IGP in Portugal
Lisboa
In Liurinhã DOP what do they make rather than Wine
Aguardente (Brandy) 🥃
What is the main Tinto grape of Lourinhã
Cabinda 🔴
What is the minimum alcohol and aging requirements for wine in Lourinhã DOP
38% minimum alcohol
24 months is the minimum aging requirements
What stops Phylloxera from effecting the Vines at Colares DOP
Sandy Soils
What is the soil type of Peninsula du Setúbal
Mediterranean
What IGP surrounds the capital city of Lisboa
Lisboa IGP
What IGP is located across the Estuary from the capital city of Lisboa
Peninsula de Setúbal
What two estuaries does the Peninsula de Setùbal set inbetween
Tagus River
Sado River
Setúbal DOP
Palmela DOP
These are the two DOP zones for what IGP
Peninsula de Setúbal IGP
What are the two distinct areas of Palmela DOP
- Low-lying, sandy plains spreading eastward from the hilltop town with the same name
- The clay - limestone lower slopes of the Arrabida Mountains
What are the soil types of Palmela DOP
Limestone - Arrábida Mountain hills
Sand - Palmela Plains
What is the main grape in Palmela DOP and what type of soil does it grow best in
Castelão 🔴
- Sandy soil
Who is the largest producer in Peninsula de Setúbal
J.M. da Fonseca
Tejo IGP and Alentejano IGP got their names from what
Two rivers:
- Tejo River
- Tagus River
What type of sparking do they make in Tejo IGP
Vinho Frisante (semi sparkling)
What does frisante mean
Portuguese for semi sparkling
Coruche
Chamusca
Cartaxo
Santarèm
Tomar
Almeirim
These are the six subregions of what DOP
Dotejo
Castelão 🔴
Fernão Pires ⚪
Are the dominate grapes for what DOP in southern Portugal
Dotejo DOP
What type of wine is the dominate wine of choice in Dotejo DOP
Branco wines
The Arrabida mountains are located in what IGP and DOP
Peninsula de Setúbal and Palmela DOP
Moura
Granja - Amareleja
Évora
Vidigueira
Reguengos
Redondo
Borba
Portalegre
These are the subzones for what DOP
Alentejo DOP
What is the other name for Tempranillo
Aragonez (Portalegre, Portugal)
What subzone of Alentejano DOC sets on the granite slopes of São Mamede Mountains and is the most promising area of Alentejano
Portalegre
Trincadeira 🔴 is the main grape for what IGP
Alentejano IGP
Besides wine what is Alentejo known for?
Quercus Suber - Cork Trees
What is the southernmost IGP on the Portuguese mainland
Algarve
Madeira DOP and Madeirense DOP are located in what IGP
Terras Madeireness
What IGP isn’t located on the mainland
Açores
Who brought the Castelão grape from Tejo to Terras do Sado (now the Peninsula de Setúbal)
J.M da Fonseca
Bical Tinto 🔴
Mortágua Preto 🔴
These are the synonyms for what grape in Portugal
Touriga Nacional 🔴
What does Casta mean
Portuguese for grape variety
Esgana Cão is also known as what
Sercial
What grape is Sercial often confused with? And where is it used
Cercial
- Dão , Douro, and Barriada blends
Who is the owner of Barca Velha
Sogrape / Casa Ferreirinha
What year was Barca Velha established and how many editions have been released
1952
- and only 17 editions have been released
What is Reserva Especial Ferreirinha
Barca Velha called in the years where the harvest isn’t up to the quality of Barca Velha
When was the last release of Barca Velha
1998
Niepoort
Quinta do Crasto
Ramos Pinto
Quinta do Vale Meão
These are all top producers from what region in Portugal
Douro DOP
Where did Barca Velha formerly get its fruit from
Quinta do Vale Meão
What is the difference in the impact Touriga Nacional has in wine from Dão DOP and Douro DOP
Touriga Nacional used in blends from Dão is more elegant, sharper, and more floral than its counterparts in the Douro
What is the main soil of Dão
Granite
Lagos
Lagoa
Portimão
Tavira
These are the DOPs for what region in Portugal
Algarve
Castelão 🔴
Tinta Negro Mole 🔴
These are the main red grapes for what IGP
Algarve
Arinto ⚪️
Sïria ⚪️
These are the main white grapes for what IGP in Portugal
Algarve
What is the climate of Algarve
Mediterranean
- algarve hot seaside climate is not particularly suited for the production of fine wine
Algarve DOC was established in what year
1990
Tinta Negra Mole is the workhorse grape for what wine
Madeira
What is the minimum alcohol for red wines from Algarve
12% abv
What is the minimum alcohol for white wines from Algarve
11.5% abv
All red wines from Algarve must have a grape minimum of
70% Tinta Negra Mole, plus Castelão
All white wines from Algarve must have a grape minimum of
70% combined Arinto (Pederã) and Síria
What is the most planted white grape in Vinho Verde DOC and Minho IGP
Loureiro ⚪
What river is the northern border between Spain and Portugal
Minho River
What are the two rivers in Northern Portugal
Rio Duero
Minho River
