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WSET RECAP MARGHA > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 climatic zones in Spain

A

moderate maritime
warm mediterranean
hot continental

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2
Q

what are the main climatic challenges that affect viticulture and their effects

A

hot weather and drought
effects = water stress, slower ripening and grapes can shrivel before maturity

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3
Q

what is a viticultural benefit of the lack of rainfall in Spain

A

fungal disease pressure is low

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4
Q

what is the hierarchy od quality in spain:

A

highest to lowest:
1. Vinos de Pago
2. DOCa/DOQ
3. DO
4. Vino de la Tierra

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5
Q

What is Vinos de Pago

A

Vinos de Pagos is a category reserved for prestigious single estates whose work exceeds basic DO requirements. These estates can only use their own grapes which must be grown, vinified and aged on their estate.

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6
Q

what is the most planted red grape in spain

A

Tempranillo

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7
Q

what is the most planted white grape

A

Airén

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8
Q

what is the typical vine training in Priorat and what is the geography like

A

bush trained
most vineyards on steep slopes

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9
Q

what international grape varieties grow successfully in Spain

A

Cab Sauvignon
Merlot
Sauv Blanc
Chardonnay

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10
Q

traditionally what type of oak is used in Spain

A

american oak

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11
Q

which white grape varieties are known to make HIGH QUALITY dry wines in spain

A

Viura in Rioja
Verdejo in Rueda
Albariño in Rìas Baixas

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12
Q

what are the 6 geographical regions of Spain

A

Upper Ebro
Catalunya
Duero Valley
North West
The Levante
Castilla La Mancha

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13
Q

where is Rias Baixas DO and what is the climate

A

northwest of Spain
moderate, damp climate

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14
Q

what style of wine and grape is Rias Baixas DO best known for

A

still dry unoaked white wines based on Albariño

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15
Q

is Albariño resistant to fungal disease

A

yes, thanks to the thick skin

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16
Q

how is Albariño typically trained in Rias Baixas

A

pergola system –> lower the humidity

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17
Q

what white grape variety is planted in Rias Baixas that’s also planted in Vinho Verde

A

Albariño

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18
Q

Albariño from Rias Baixas: aged in oak or stainless steel

A

usually stainless steel

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19
Q

What are the 2 DOCas of Spain

A

Rioja DOCa and Priorat DOCa

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20
Q

name all 3 subzones of Rioja DOCa

A

Rioja Alta
Rioja Alavesa
Rioja Oriental

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21
Q

What are the climate influences of Rioja Alta and Rioja Alavesa

A

elevation and atlantic ocean breezes

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22
Q

what is the elevation range for vineyards in Rioja

A

500-800mt

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23
Q

which one of Rioja’s three subregions is on the south bank of the Ebro and is less Maritime than the other two?

A

Rioja Oriental

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24
Q

Specifics of Rioja Oriental

A

annual rainfall is low
Garnacha grows best here and is the main grape

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25
how many white grape varieties are approved for use in white Rioja
9
26
what is the main white grape of Rioja DOCa
Viura
27
what is the other name for Viura in Spain, and in which region
Macabeo, in Catalunya
28
what is the min aging requirement for white and rosado Crianza
min 18 months, including 6 months in oak
29
what is the min aging requirement for white and rosado Reserva
min 24 months, including 6 months in oak
30
what is the min aging requirement for white and rosado Gran Reserva
min 48 months, including 6 months in oak
31
which grapes are traditionally blended with Tempranillo in Rioja
Garnacha --> adds body and alcohol Graciano --> adds black fruits and tannins + acidity Cariñena --> adds tannins and acidity
32
where is Graciano mainly grown in Spain
Rioja DOCa
33
what is the range of styles Tempranillo can be made into
- Joven/Generico --> punchy fruit, no oak, no aging, occasional semi-carbonic maceration to soften tannins and texture - Crianza --> light oak and fresh with primary fruits - Reserva and Gran Reserva --> highly complex. long maturation and controlled oxidation.
34
Crianza reds (not Rioja or Duero) must be aged for how long
24 months, including 6 months oak
35
Reserva reds (not Rioja or Duero) must be aged for how long
36 months, including 12 months oak
36
Gran Reserva reds (not Rioja or Duero) must be aged for how long
60 months, including 18 months oak
37
besides Rioja, what other wine region produces HQ Tempranillo
Ribera del Duero DO
38
where is ribera del duero, any ocean influence and where are the vines planted
northern edge of the Meseta no maritime influence vines at high altitudes
39
what styles of wine are allowed to be produced in Ribera del Duero
red, white and rosé
40
Name the 3 most important DOs of Duero Valley
Ribera del Duero DO Toro DO Rueda DO
41
what styles of wine are produced under the Toro DO
rich concentrated reds based on Tempranillo.
42
what grape is blended into Toro Joven reds
Garnacha
43
what is the main grape in Rueda DO
Verdejo
44
what is Verdejo blended with in Rueda DO
Sauv Blanc
45
where is Navarra DO located
northeast of Rioja, between Rioja and Pyrenees
46
Navarra vs Rioja climate
Navarra is cooler and wetter than Rioja
47
Navarra: base for reds, white and rosé grapes
reds: Tempranillo Rosés: Garnacha Whites: Viura, Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc
48
what is the general flavour profile for Garnacha in spain
bright red fruit, high alcohol and moderate acidity
49
which DOs are best known for their Garnacha
Priorat and Navarra
50
what type of climate to Cariñena and Calatayud have and what is the principal grape
warm continental climate Garnacha
51
in which appellations does Carignan perform best in Spain
Priorat Rioja
52
where is Catalunya
northeast corner of Spain
53
name 2 chief DOs in Catalunya producing still wine
Penedès DO Priorat DOCa
54
name all 3 local white varieties of Catalunya
Parellada Xarel-lo Macabeo
55
what is the name of Priorat's unique soil
Llicorella, low fertile soil, good water retention
56
where is Priorat DOCa located in Spain
in Catalunya
57
name the 2 main red grapes that go into Priorat
Carignan and Garnacha
58
why do Garnacha and Cariñena do so well in Priorat
because it has long, hot, dry summers and both are late ripeners
59
what is the traditional style of red Priorat
Deeply colored, rich, textural, highly complex wines that are full bodied with high alcohol, high tannins, concentrated black fruits that are age-worthy. Most have French oak influence.
60
are white and rosé allowed under the Priorat DOCa
yes, but uncommon
61
where is the Penedès DO in Spain
Catalunya, south of Barcelona
62
what are the 3 climatic zones of Penedès DO
coastal plain slightly inland in the hillswh
63
why is Monastrell particularly well suited to a warm mediterranean climate
thick skin + needs hot sunny climate to ripen. well adapts to drought
64
where in SPain does Monastrell grow best
in Jumilla DO and Yecla DO
65
Valencia is known for what style of wine
cheap everyday wines from Monastrell + international Moscatel de Valencia, sweet fortified wine made from Muscat of Alexandria
66
what is the local white grape of Valencia DO
Merseguera
67
what is the largest DO in size in Spain and what is the most planted grape
La Mancha DO Airén
68
what is the local name of Tempranillo in La Mancha DO
Cencibel
69
which international grape varieties are finding success in La Mancha DO
Cab Sauv Merlot Syrah Chardonnay Sauv Blanc
70
where is Valdepeñas DO located
south of La Mancha DO
71
Valdepeñas vs La Mancha: higher quality?
Valdepeñas
72
what appellation is situated between Galicia and the Meseta central
Bierzo DO
73
what is the primary grape variety of Bierzo DO
Mencia (red)
74
the majority of Vinos de Pago are located in which spanish DO
La Mancha DO
75
red Riojas that are made for early consumption undergo
semi-carbonic maceration
76
red Riojas that are meant to age undergo
american oak
77
traditional white riojas are
gold in color, matured in oak, nutty
78
which region in Spain is designated for the production of Vino de la Tierra
Castilla y Leon
79

WSET RECAP MARGHA (24 decks)

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