Spain Flashcards
1
Q
What is Galicia’s easternmost region?
A
Valdeorras DO
2
Q
What is the synonym for Mission on the Canary Islands?
A
Listán Prieto
3
Q
What does Priorat derive it’s name from?
A
Priorat de Scala Dei
- Carthusian Monastery, which was founded where a boy had a vision of angels ascending to heaven.
4
Q
Who introduced metodo tradicional sparkling winemaking to Spain in 1872?
A
José Raventos of Codorníu, in San Sadurní d’Anoia in Alt-Penedès
5
Q
What are the 3 DO Pagos of Navarra?
A
Tierra Estrella
DO Pago Señorio de Arínzano
DO Pago Prado Irache
Valdizarbe
-DO Pago Bodegas Otazu
6
Q
Where is Valdepeñas DO? When was it formally recognized?
A
Surrounded by La Mancha DO
- 1932, 40 years before La Mancha
7
Q
What is Rufete?
A
A red grape of Arribes DO
8
Q
What 3 autonomías make up north central Spain?
A
Navarra
La Rioja
Aragón
9
Q
Where is the DO Pago Aylés?
A
Cariñena DO
10
Q
What is required for Spanish Vino Joven?
A
less aging than req’d for Crianza
(Red < 2 yrs)
(White < 18 mos)
11
Q
What river emerges in the Cantabrian Mountains and passes through Rioja?
A
Ebro River
12
Q
Has phylloxera reached the Canary Islands?
A
No
13
Q
What is the Cigales DO known for?
A
Rosado
14
Q
Who is the only producer of Cava in southwestern Spain?
A
Bodegas Inviosa
15
Q
Ribera del Júcar DO was a sub-zone to which region until 2005?
A
La Mancha DO
16
Q
What is the main grape and required % of Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO red?
A
min 75% Tempranillo
17
Q
Where is DO Pago Guijoso?
A
La Mancha (2005)
18
Q
Which autonomía is Toro DO in?
A
Castilla y León
19
Q
What are the blending reqs for Rioja red?
A
Min 85% (95% if destemmed)
Tempranillo
Mazuelo
Graciano
Garnacha
Maturana Tinta (authorized in 2007)
20
Q
What are the white grapes of Arribes DO?
A
Malvasia, Verdejo & Albilla
21
Q
What are the 3 main red grapes of Rías Baixas?
A
Caiño
Espadeiro
Mencia
22
Q
When was the Cariñena DO established?
A
1932, one of Spain’s oldest delimited zones
23
Q
What are the 3 soils of Sherry?
A
- Albariza (white soil) - best soil for Palomino
- Barros (clay) - lower-lying vineyards
- Arenas (sandy soils) - coastal vineyards
24
Q
What is the blending req for Rioja rosado?
A
min 25% red grapes
25
What are the principal wines of Empordà DO?
Cariñena rosados are the focus
- Garnacha and international varieties are enjoying success
26
What are the grapes of DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa?
Cabernet, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Merlot
27
What soil characterizes the best sites of Priorat?
Licorella
28
Where is Dehesa la Granja?
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
- Pesquera’s new project
29
What are the DOs of Galicia?
Rías Baixas DO
Ribeiro DO
Valdeorras DO
Ribeira Sacra DO
Monterrei DO
30
What color wines are permitted under the Ribera del Duero DO?
Red & Rosado
- White is not permitted
31
What figure adorns the La Mancha DO’s Consejo Regulador logo?
Don Quixote
32
What is Macabeo known as in Rioja?
Viura
33
What ring-shaped DO surrounds Priorat?
Montsant DO
34
What size cask must Rioja be aged in?
225 Liters
35
What DO was a sub-region to Tarragona until 2002?
Montsant DO
36
Where is Descendientes de José Palacios and when was the effort founded?
Bierzo DO
- 1999
37
Where is Dominio de Tares?
Bierzo DO
38
What were the original “Clos” wines of Priorat?
Clos Mogador (Barbier’s)
Clos Dofi
Clos Erasmus
Clos de l’Orbac
Clos Martinet
39
What are the 5 age categories of Málaga DO?
Málaga Pálido - max 6 mos in oak
Málaga - 6-24 mos in oak
Málaga Noble - 24-36 mos in oak
Málaga Añejo - 3-5 yrs in oak
Málaga Transañejo - min 5 yrs in oak
40
T or F - Rioja producers may age white or rosado Crianza or Reserva wines in a non-oxidative environment like stainless steel.
False - only Crianza white or rosado
-Reserva must remain in oak or bottle for the min. period
41
What are the 5 sub-regions of Ribeira Sacra DO?
Armandi
Chantada
Quiroga-Bibei
Ribeiras do Sil
Ribeiras do Miño
42
Why did Spaniards decide to use American oak?
It was an economic decision based on the history of their transatlantic colonial trade.
43
What is Europe’s largest single demarcated wine region?
La Mancha DO
44
What grapes are mostly grown in Baix-Penedès?
Sturdier Mediterranean grapes are here
Garnatxa
Monastrell
45
What kind of wine is produced in Rioja Alta?
Capable of producing age worthy Tempranillo, Mazuelo & Graciano
46
What vintages were coop-d under the original “Clos” wines of Priorat?
1989-91
47
Where is Vall Llach located?
Producer of Priorat
48
Where is Numanthia-Termes?
Toro DO
49
What colors does the Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO produce?
Red
White
Rosado
Clarete (A lighter rosé made from similar grapes)
50
Where is Fariña located?
Toro DO
51
What is Spain’s largest autonomía?
Castilla y León
52
Where is the DO Pago Chozas Carrascal? When was it added?
Utiel-Requena (Valencia)
2012
53
What is a DO Pago? What does it require?
Represents a theoretical superior appellation to the basic DO
An estate must surpass the basic DO req’s
Typically lowered yields and other measures of quality
Must show international praise
Decade’s worth of quality production
54
What grape dominates white Bierzo DO wines? What white grapes are showing promise?
Palomino
Godello and Doña Blanca show promise.
55
Which autonomía is the Yecla DO in?
Murcia
56
What river is Rioja named after?
Oja River, a tributary of the Ebro River
57
Which autonomía is Ribeira Sacra DO in?
Galicia
58
Which autonomía is Valdeorras in?
Galicia
59
What soil is principally suited for Moscatel in Jerez?
Arenas
60
What autonomía is Pla de Bages DO in?
Catalonia
61
What are the 6 sub-zones of Ribera del Guadiana DO?
Ribera Alta de Guadiana
Ribera Baja de Guadiana
Matanegra
Cañamero
Montáchez
Tierra de Barros
62
Where is the Aragon autonomía?
East of Rioja and Navarra
63
What autonomía is Campo de Borja DO in?
Aragon
64
Where is DO Pago El Terrerzo?
Utiel-Requena (Valencía)
65
What are the DOs of Andalucía?
Málaga
Sierras de Málaga
Montilla-Moriles
Condado du Huelva
Jerez-Xérèz-Sherry
Manzanilla Sanlúcar de Barrameda
66
What red grapes are authorized for Cava production?
Pinot Noir
Monastrell
Garnacha Tinta
Trepat (for rosé use only)
67
Which DO Pago adopted the illegal practice of drip irrigation?
DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa
68
What does “viejo” mean on a Spanish label?
36 mos aging, demonstrates marked oxidative character
69
What is the preferred local red variety in Getariako Txakolina?
Ondarrabi Beltza
70
What iconic producer is located in Briones, Rioja Alta?
Finca Allende
71
What grape dominates the Cariñena DO?
Garnacha
- Ancestral home to Carignan (Mazuelo), today, it is secondary
72
What grape dominates the Calatayud DO?
Garnacha
73
What local grapes dominate the “up-and-coming” Somontano DO?
White - Alcañón
Red - Parraleta
(As well as a larger compliment of Spanish and International Varieties)
74
What is the min % of Cigales DO red?
min combined 85% Garnacha and Tinto del País
75
What color wines does the Arlanza DO make? With what varieties?
Red & white - a compliment of Duero Valley & Bordeaux varieties
76
Where does Jerez get most of it’s Pedro Ximénez?
Montilla-Moriles - it has dispensation to import PX must from here to compensate for the declining acreage in Jerez
77
What kind of mats are the grapes dried on in Málaga?
Esparto grass mats
78
Which autonomía is Rías Baixas in?
Galicia
79
What are the principal grapes of La Mancha DO?
Cencibel (Tempranillo)
- Aíren
80
What is the principal grape of Montilla-Moriles?
Pedro Ximénez
81
What color wines are produced from Mondéjar DO? From what grapes?
Red, white & rosado
- Cencibel, Cab Sauv, Macabéo, & Malvar (white)
82
Where is DO Pago Finca Élez? When was it promoted?
La Mancha (2003)
83
What is the Rioja Crianza aging requirement?
Red - 2 yrs (1 yr in oak)
White - 2 yrs (6mos in oak)
84
What style of wines were historically produced on the Canary Islands? Today?
Fortified
- Vino Joven
85
Where is DO Pago Calzadilla? When was it promoted?
La Mancha (2011)
86
Where is the Pla i Llevant DO? What are the two main varieties?
87
What river runs through Bierzo?
Sil River
88
What is the varietal min % for Rías Baixas O Rosal?
min 70% Albariño and Loureira combined
89
What color wines does Cigales DO produce?
Red, rosado, nuevo (primeur) rosado
90
What are the autonomías of Southern Spain?
Murcia
Valencia
Madrid
Castilla-La Mancha
Extremadura
Andalucía
91
What autonomías comprise Levant?
Murcia & Valencía
92
What autonomía is Alicante DO in?
Valencia
93
What DO’s traditional style is doble pasta?
Utiel-Requena DO
94
What is the Navarra DO historically famous for?
Rosado bottlings
95
What are the major red and white grapes of the Navarra DO?
Red
-Garnacha
-Tempranillo
White
-Viura
96
What are much of the vineyards of Tarragona dedicated to?
Cava
97
When were the first Consejo Regulador started and what were the first 3 regions it was established for?
1930s
Rioja
Málaga
Jerez
98
What variety thrives in Medio-Penedès?
Ulle de Llebre (Tempranillo)
99
Which autonomía is the Bullas DO in?
Murcia
100
What is the blend for Rioja blanco?
Viura
Garnacha Blanca
Malvasía Riojano
Maturana Blanca
Max 49% combined (Chard, SB, Verdejo)
101
What autonomía is Calatayud DO in?
Aragon
102
Where is Bodegas Inviosa?
Tierra de Barros (Ribera de Guadiana DO
103
What are the 3 grapes of Sherry?
Listán (Palomino)
Pedro Ximénez
Moscatel
104
What are the 5 DOs that cover each an entire isle of the Canary Islands?
La Palma
El Hierro
Gran Canaria
La Gomera
Lanzarote
(Tenerife Isle contains 5 DOs)
105
Which autonomía is Bizkaiko Txakolina in?
País Vasco
106
What iconic producer is located in San Vincente de la Sonsierra, Rioja Alta?
Señorio de San Vincente
107
What are the recommended red grapes for Tierra de León DO?
Mencía & Prieto Picudo
108
What is the best sub-zone of Ribera del Guadiana DO?
Tierra de Barros
-Encompasses nearly 80% of the DO
108
Where is the DO Pago Los Balagueses?
Utiel-Requena (Valencia)
109
When did Sherry receive DO status?
1933
110
What is the min % of Albariño from Rías Baixas Val do Salnés or Ribeira do Ulla?
min 70% Albariño
111
Which autonomía is Ribera del Duero DO in?
Castilla y León
112
Which autonomía is Arlanza DO in?
Castilla y León
113
What DO resisted phylloxera until the 1980s?
Jumilla, sandy soils
-nearly 100 yrs after the louse hit Spain
114
What color wines does Jumilla produce?
Red, rosado & white
115
What grapes are widely planted in Vinos de Madrid DO?
Airén
Malvar (white)
Tinto Fino
Negra de Madrid (Garnacha)
116
What estate did Manuel Raventós purchase arid, inferntile land for in 1914?
Raïmat
117
What autonomía is Penedès in?
Catalonia
118
What is the sole DO of Extramedura autonomía?
Ribera del Guadiana DO
119
What does “noble” mean on a Spanish label?
18 mos aging in cask of less than 600 L or bottle
120
What 4 iconic Rioja producers got started in the latter half of the 19th century?
López de Heredia
CVNE (Compaña Vinicola del Norte de España)
La Rioja Alta
Berceo
121
Which region in Spain is it common for carbonic maceration to be used?
Rioja Alavesa - the wines are often Vino Joven, as Tempranillo ripens earliest here
122
Where is DO Pago Dehesa del Carrizal? When was it promoted?
La Mancha (2006)
123
What are the sub-zones of Costers del Segre?
Pallars Jussá
Artesa de Segre
Valls do Riucorb
Segrià
Garrigues
Urgell
Raïmat
124
What is the “soleo” process?
Used in Málaga, grapes are dried for a period of up to 20 days on esparto grass mats
125
What 5 iconic producers are located in Haro?
López de Heredia
La Rioja Alta
Bodegas Muga
Bodegas Roda
CVNE
126
What are the aging req’s for Ribera del Duero Crianza? Reserva? Gran Reserva? Vino Joven?
Crianza - min 2 yrs (1 yr in cask)
Reserva - min 3 yrs (1 yr in cask)
Gran Reserva - min 2 yrs in cask + min 3 yrs in bottle
Vino Joven - no aging req’d
127
When did phylloxera hit the Sherry industry?
1894
128
What autonomía is Empordá in?
Catalonia
129
What towns does Ribera del Duero surround?
Aranda de Duero & Peñafiel
130
What two Bordeaux trained winemakers helped introduce new techniques in the 1850s & 1860s? What techniques?
Marqués de Riscal
Marqués de Murrieta
Barrique aging
Estate bottling
131
What autonomía is Utiel-Requena DO in?
Valencía
132
Where is the Binissalem Mallorca DO? What are the main varieties?
The Balearic Islands
- Manto Negro, Moll (Prensa Blanc)
133
What does “Añejo” mean on a Spanish label?
24 mos aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle
134
What is Costers del Siurana?
Producer of Priorat, whose founder Charles Pastrana, produced Clos de l’Orbac
135
What are the promising varieties of the Uclés DO?
Cencibel
Garnacha
Cab Sauv
Merlot
Syrah
136
What styles of wine are produced under the Uclés DO?
Red
White
Sparkling
Sweet
Dulce
137
What 3 towns must Sherry be shipped from?
Jerez de la Frontera
Sanlúcar de Barrameda
El Puerto de Santa Maria
138
What autonomía is Rioja in?
La Rioja
139
Which autonomía is Navarra in?
Navarra
140
What village did Rene Barbier originally plant vines in Priorat?
Gratallops
141
What are the 3 principal DOs of País Vasco?
Getariako Txakolina DO
Bizkaiko Txakolina DO
Arabako Txakolina DO
142
What varietals were originally planted at Vega Sicilia?
-A number of Bordeaux varieties, a little Pinot Noir alongside Tinto del País in order to make brandy
143
What are the two DO zones for Sherry? What is unique about their statuses?
Jerez-Xérèz-Sherry
Sanlúcar de Barrameda
-They share the same vineyards and Consejo Regulador
144
What is Tinto del País?
A synonym for Tempranillo
145
What former DO was absorbed by the Gran Canaria DO?
Monte Lentiscal
146
Which autonomía is Calatayud in?
Aragon
147
What wines are aged for 36 months and show an oxidative character?
Viejo
148
What Canary Isle has 5 DOs?
Island of Tenerife
149
What is the Rioja Reserva aging req?
Red - 3 yrs (1 yr in oak)
White - 2 yrs (6 mos in cask)
150
What is the DO for table wines of Málaga?
Sierras de Málaga
151
What is Albillo?
A white grape, permitted in Ribera del Duero Rosados for freshness
152
What varietals besides Monastrell are used in Jumilla?
Garnacha
Petit Verdot
Plus others for blending
153
When did Ribera del Duero receive DO status?
-1982, there were only 9 wineries at the time
154
What is Tinto Fino?
Tempranillo syn.
155
What is the min % for Toro DO red?
min 75% Tinta de Toro
156
What grapes are principally Toro DO white?
Malvasia & Verdejo
157
Which autonomía is Arabako Txakolina in?
País Vasco
158
What is req’d for Spanish Crianza?
Red - 2 yrs (6 mos in cask)
White - 18 mos (6 mos in cask)
159
What is Palomino known as in Jerez?
Listán
160
Where and when was Cava born?
1872
- San Sadurní d’Anoia
161
Who founded Vega Sicilia? When?
Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves
- 1864
162
What is the southernmost DO in Galicia?
Monterrei DO, a small region with only a handful of wineries
163
Where is Aalto?
Ribera del Duero
164
What are the 5 DOs of Tenerife?
Abona
Tacoronte-Acentejo
Ycoden-Daute-Isora
Valle de Güímar
Valle de la Orotava
165
When was Rioja promoted to DOCa?
1991
166
What is req’d for Spanish Reserva?
Red - 3 yrs (1 yr in cask)
White - 2 yrs (6 mos in cask)
167
What is req’d for Spanish Gran Reserva?
Red - 5 yrs (18 mos in cask)
White - 4 yrs (6 mos in cask)
168
What are the 5 subzones of Navarra DO?
Valdizarbe
Baja Mountains
Tierra Estrella
Ribera Alta
Ribera Baja
169
What DO lies at the foot of the Pyrenées near Catalonia?
Somontano DO
170
What are the aging req’s for Cava?
Basic - 9 mos on lees
Reserva - 15 mos on lees
Gran Reserva - 30 mos on lees
171
What is the main grape of Utiel-Requena?
Bobal, doble pasta is the traditional style
172
What iconic producer is located in Labastida, Rioja Alavesa?
La Granja
173
Who rejuvinated Rueda in the 1970s?
Marqués de Riscal - as a fresh, crisp counterpart to their red Rioja
174
What are Rías Baixas’ 5 sub-zones?
Val do Salnés
Ribeira do Ulla
Soutomaior
O Rosal
Condado do Tea
175
What is the min % for varietal labeled Albariño from Rías Baixas?
100% Albariño
176
What DO of Spain has terraces built by the Romans?
Ribeira Sacra DO
177
What are the main varietals of Ribeira Sacra DO?
Red - Mencia
White - Treixadura & Godello
178
What are the red grapes of the Canary Islands?
Listán Negro
Negramoll (Tinta Negra)
Malvasía Rosado
Listán Prieto (Mission)
179
What are the white main grapes of the Canary Islands?
Malvasía
Gual
Forastera Blanca
Moscatel
Listán Blanco (Palomino)
180
What are all commercial rosados in Ribera del Duero DO bottled as?
Vino Joven
-Crianza has not been produced in over a decade
181
What is the best soil of Sherry?
Albariza
182
Ondarrabi Zuri accounts for what % of the acreage in Getariako Txakolina?
95%
183
Which autonomía is Cariñena in?
aragon
184
Which autonomía is Somontano DO in?
aragon
185
What autonomía is Tierra Alta DO in?
Catalonia
186
Which autonomía is Rueda in?
Castilla y León
187
What is llicorella?
A mix of black slate and quartzite that characterizes the best soils of Priorat
188
Who is the largest producer of sparkling wine in the world? Who is the 2nd?
Freixenet
- Codorníu
189
What varietals make Único?
Blended from Tinto del País, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot
190
Can Rueda DO be espumoso?
Yes, white or rosado
- Brut must be min 85% Verdejo
191
What is produced in the Alicante DO?
Known for dessert wines
- Fondillon is a local specialty
192
When did Pesquera begin receiving critical acclaim
the 1980s
193
What is Mazuelo?
Carignan
194
What is the synonym for Carignan?
Mazuelo
195
What is Listán?
Palomino synonym in Jerez
196
What are the unique req’s for Uclés DO?
- Red grape vines must be in their 6th year to harvest
- Mature red vines are divided into three categories
- Max yields decrease with the vine’s age
197
Where is the DO Pago Prado Irache?
Tierra Estrella (Navarra)
198
What 2 iconic producers are in Logroño, Rioja Alta?
Marqués de Murrieta
- Artadi
199
What 2 iconic producers are located in Fuenmayor, Rioja Alta?
Bodegas LAN
- Finca Valpiedra
200
Where is the DO Pago Bodegas Otazu?
Valdizarbe (Navarra)
201
What DOs are located in Aragon?
Campo de Borja DO
Calatayud DO
Cariñena DO
Somontano DO
202
What is produced in Valdeorras DO?
Some pleasant reds & rosados
- Best wines are based on Godello
203
What is the autonomía of Basque Country?
País Vasco
204
What colors may be Rueda DO? What varieties?
“Rueda” white - min 50% Verdejo, often blended w/ Viura
Reds - dominated by Tempranillo
Rosados - min 50% Tempranillo
205
What is Rueda DO Dorado?
Dry, fortified, oxidized white
- Occasionally encountered
206
What iconic producer is located in Cenicero, Rioja Alta?
Marqués de Cáceres
207
When did Rueda receive its DO status?
1980
208
Which autonomía is Tierra de León in?
Castilla y León
209
What colors can Toro DO be?
Red, white & rosado
210
What color wine is produced in the Tierra de León DO?
Red, white & rosado
211
Viño Tostado is a dried grape local specialty of which region?
Ribeiro DO
212
What is doble pasta?
The reds are macerated and fermented with twice the normal amount of grape skins and pulp
213
What wine region of Spain is one of its oldest, dating back to the 17th century, and has history being exported to England?
Ribeiro DO
214
What are the favored varietals of Ribeiro?
White - Treixadura (gradually replacing Palomino)
Red - Caiño
215
What are the two DOs of the Balearic Islands?
Pla i Llevant DO
- Binissalem Mallorca DO
216
What are the two major cities of Rioja?
Haro - northwest
- Alfaro - southeast
217
What grapes may be varietally labeled from the Rueda DO? What is the min %?
Verdejo or Sauv Blanc
- min 85%
218
Where is DO Pago Casa del Blanco? When was it promoted?
La Mancha (2010)
219
What is the scientific name of American oak?
Quercus Alba
220
Which region of France shares culture & lineage with Catalonia?
Roussillon
221
What is mistela?
Spanish version of vin de liqueur
222
What white grape is permitted in Ribera del Duero DO rosados for freshness?
Albillo
223
What DO borders Banyuls in Roussillon?
Empordà DO
224
What soils describe Rioja sub-zones?
Alta - high proportions of calcareous clay
Alavesa - high proportions of calcareous clay
Baja - alluvial sands & ferrous clay
225
Who introduced stainless steel fermentation in the 1960s to Spain? Where?
Miguel Torres
- Catalonia
226
When Rioja producers blend from all three regions what is used to describe each subzone?
Alta - structure
Alavesa - freshness
Oriental - alcoholic warmth
227
López de Heredia produces what two single vineyard estate wines?
Bosconia
- Tondonia
228
When did René Barbier plant vines initially in Priorat?
1979
229
What is Vega Sicilia’s new project?
Bodegas Pintia of Toro DO
230
What marks the corks of Cava?
A four-pointed star
231
What grapes are used for Toro DO rosados?
Saignée blends of Tinta de Toro & Garnacha
232
Historically, what style were the wines of Tarragona DO?
Rancio or Mistela (Spanish vin de liqueur)
233
Which autonomía is Arribes DO in?
Castilla y León
234
Name 2 “experimental varieties” that may be used to finish the blend for Rioja red.
Monastrell
- Cab Sauv
235
Where is the DO Pago Señorio de Arínzano?
Tierra Estrella (Navarra)
236
Which autonomía is Bierzo DO in?
Castilla y León
237
What is the main river of Castilla y León?
Duero River
238
Which autonomía is Cigales DO in?
Castilla y León
239
What are the 3 areas of Vinos de Madrid DO?
San Martin de Valdeiglesias
Navalcarnero
Arganda
240
What is Negra de Madrid?
A local synonym for Garnacha in Vinos de Madrid
241
What autonomía is Montsant DO in?
Catalonia
242
What autonomía is Tarragona DO in?
Catalonia
243
Which autonomía is the Jumilla DO in?
Murcia
244
Where is Bodegas Pintia?
-Toro DO (Vega Sicilia’s new project)
245
What style of wine does Rioja Alavesa produce?
Tempranillo ripens earliest here, often producing Vino Joven wines (Carbonic maceration is common for such wines)
246
Which autonomía is Campo de Borja DO in?
Aragon
247
What are the five authorized white varieties for Cava?
Parellada
Macabeo (Macabeu)
Xarel-lo
Chardonnay
Subirat Parent (Malvasia)
248
What is the varietal min % for Rías Baixas Condado do Tea?
min 70% combined Albariño and Treixadura
249
What are the 3 sub-zones of Penedès?
Baix-Penedès
Alt-Penedès
Medio-Penedès
250
What river is in the Ribera del Duero?
Duero River
251
What is “Oju de Gallo”?
Rare rosados in Txakolina
- A blend of the two grapes (red & white)
252
What DOs does the Duero River pass through?
Ribera del Duero DO
Rueda DO
Toro DO
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
Arribes DO
253
What are the DOs of Castilla y León?
Bierzo DO
Cigales DO
Arlanza DO
Ribera del Duero DO
Rueda DO
Toro DO
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
Arribes DO
Tierra de León DO
254
What is the oldest winery in Haro?
López de Heredia
255
What is Pansà Blanca?
Xarel-lo synonym in Alella DO, Catalunya
256
What is the principal variety of Almansa DO?
Monastrell
257
What is the major city of Valencia DO?
Valencia, the 3rd largest city in Spain
258
Which autonomía is Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO in?
Castilla y León
259
What percentage of the acreage is Rías Baixas is devoted to Albariño?
Nearly 90%
260
What autonomía is Conca de Barberá DO in?
Catalonia
261
What autonomía is Costers del Segre DO in?
Catalonia
262
What variety is perfectly suited for Alt-Penedès?
Parellada
263
Which autonomía is Monterrei DO in?
Galicia
264
What is the main variety of the Valencia DO?
The local Merseguera - neutral white wines
265
What is Fondillon?
A local specialty of Alicante DO
A solera-style, oxidative dessert wine
Produced from overripe Monastrell
Aged for a min 10 years
Not fortified, does not carry wood flavor
266
What type of wine is produced in Rioja Oriental?
Garnacha performs best here
267
Is Ysios modern or traditional and where is it located?
Modern
- Rioja Alavesa
268
Which autonomía is Ribeiro DO in?
Galicia
269
Where is Dominio de Pingus?
Ribera del Duero
270
What two producers are perpetuating Malvasia de Sitges in Baix-Penedès? What style of wine?
- Vega de Ribes
- The charity Hospital de Sant Joan Baptiste
-As a sweet fortified wine
271
What grapes are most common in Campo de Borja DO?
Reds & Rosados - principally Garnacha & Tempranillo
Whites - based on Viura
272
Describe the wines of Málaga DO.
- Moscatel or PX
- Soleo process
- The wines are either naturally sweet or fortified
- Fortified wines are naturally sweet, or sweetened w/ arrope
- Fortified wines undergo solera aging in American oak
273
What autonomía is Somontano DO in?
Aragon
274
Where is Pittacum?
Bierzo DO
275
What are the levels of quality for Spain?
DOP
Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa)
Denominación de Origen (DO)
Vinos de Pago (DO Pago)
Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)
IGP
-Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)
276
What vintages of Único did winemaker Domingo Txomin receive acclaim for at the 1929 Barcelona World Fair?
1917 & 1918
277
What two mountain ranges are in northern Spain?
Pyrenées Mountains - NE, divide France & Spain
- Cantabrian Mountains - NW
278
What are the 3 sub-zones of Rioja?
Rioja Alta - western
Rioja Alavesa - Northern
Rioja Oriental (Baja) - Southeastern
279
What is the min % for Bierzo DO?
Reds - min 70% Mencía (more serious efforts are 100%)
Rosados - min 50% Mencía (whites also produced)
280
What is Alejandro Fernandez’s of Pesquera new stakes and where is it?
Dehesa la Granja Estate of Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
281
What autonomía is Alella DO in?
Catalonia
282
What DO is DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa located within?
Mentrida DO (Castilla-La Mancha)
283
What is the Rioja Gran Reserva aging req?
Red - 2 yrs in cask + 3 yrs in bottle
White - 4 yrs (6 mos in cask)
284
Who is known for producing 100% Tempranillo from their estate vineyards in Rioja Alavesa?
Ysios
285
What are the DO Pagos of Castilla-La Mancha?
DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa
DO Pago Finca Élez
DO Pago Guijoso
DO Pago Dehesa del Carrizal
DO Pago Campo de la Guardia
DO Pago Florentino
DO Pago Casa del Blanco
DO Pago Calzadilla
286
What are the DO Pagos of Valencia Utiel-Requena?
DO Pago Los Balagueses
DO Pago El Terrerazo
DO Pago Chozas Carrascal
287
What are the main grapes of Malaga?
PX
Moscatel
288
What region produces Clarete? What is it?
Tierra del Vino de Zamora
A light rosé
289
What are barriques called in Spain?
Barricas
290
Name 4 traditionalist wineries of Rioja that got their start in the latter half of the 19th century.
Lopez de Heredia, CVNE, La Rioja Alta and Berceo
291
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Crianza red wines?
2 years including 6 months in cask
292
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Crianza white wines?
18 months, including 6 months in cask
293
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Reserva red wines?
3 years, including 1 year in cask
294
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Reserva white wines?
2 years, including 6 months in cask
295
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Gran Reserva red wines?
5 years, including 18 months in cask
296
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Gran Reserva white wines?
4 years, including 6 months in cask
297
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Noble?
18 months in cask of less than 600L or bottle
298
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Anejo?
24 months is a cask of less than 600L or bottle
299
What are the aging requirements (in general) for Viejo?
36 months aging, demonstrates marked oxidative character.
300
What are the two mountain ranges of North Central Spain?
Pyrennes (divide Spain and France) and Cantabrian (to the Northwest) PS- this creates a rain shadow in the region’s highlands
301
Rioja was the first region of Spain to receive DOCa status. When did this happen?
1991
302
What is Mazuelo?
Carignan’s synonym in Rioja
303
What is Viura?
Macabeo
304
What is the stipulation for Rosado wines of Rioja?
Min. 25% combined Tempranillo, Mazuelo, Garnacha Tinta, Maturana Tinta and Graciano
305
What are the aging requirements for Rioja’s Crianza red wines?
2 years, including 1 year in oak cask at 225 L (this is different from general Spain as it requires 6 more months in cask)
306
What are the aging requirements for Rioja’s Reserva red wines?
3 years, including one year in oak cask at 225 L (this is the same for general Spain)
307
What are the aging requirements for Rioja’s Gran Reserva red wines?
2 years in oak casks at 225L and 3 years in bottle (this is different than general Spain as it requires an additional 6 months in cask)
308
What are the aging requirements for Rioja’s white wines?
The same as general Spain- Crianza and Reserva = 2 years with 6 m in cask and Gran Reserva is 4 years is 6 m in cask.
309
What are the three subzones of Rioja?
Rioja Alta, Rioja Baja and Rioja Alavesa
310
Which subzone of Rioja fits this description?: The smallest and northernmost subzone (partially located in Basque country) and Tempranillo here often produces vino joven wines for early consumption. Carbonic maceration may be used.
Rioja Alavesa
311
Which subzone of Rioja fits this description?: The southwestern zone with a slightly warmer climate capable of producing classic, ageworthy Tempranillo, Mazuelo and Graciano.
Rioja Alta
312
Which subzone of Rioja fits this description?: The hottest subregion containing more alluvial soils and ferrous clay where Granacha perferms best.
Rioja Oriental (Baja)
313
What are the soils of Rioja Alta?
Rioja Alta’s northern areas are characterized by yellow calcareous clay (arcillo-calcareo), whereas the lower slopes south of the Ebro River contain reddish, iron-rich clay soils (arcillo-ferroso).
314
What are the soils of Rioja Oriental?
Rioja Baja has some iron-rich clay, but most of the lower, flatter areas in Baja are characterized by alluvial, silty soils.
315
Describe Rioja Alavesa.
The smallest and northernmost subzone (partially located in Basque country) and Tempranillo here often produces vino joven wines for early consumption. Carbonic maceration may be used.
316
Describe Rioja Alta.
The southwestern zone with a slightly warmer climate capable of producing classic, ageworthy Tempranillo, Mazuelo and Graciano.
317
Describe Rioja Oriental
The hottest subregion containing more alluvial soils and ferrous clay where Granacha perferms best.
318
What does Rioja Alavesa provide to the Rioja blend?
Freshness
319
What does Rioja Alta provide to the Rioja blend?
Acidity and structure
320
What does Rioja Baja provide to the Rioja blend?
Extract and alcoholic warmth
321
What are the soils of Rioja Alavesa?
This subzone has the highest concentration of calcareous clay soils, the dominant soil type between the Cantabrian Mountains and the north bank of the Ebro River.
322
What region is Rioja Oriental shared with?
Navarra
323
What region is Reioja Alavesa shared with?
País Vasco
324
Where is Navarra DO?
Central Spain- adjacent to the northern and eastern boarders of Rioja
325
Where is Campo de Borja DO?
Aragon, North Central Spain
326
Where is Calatayud DO?
Aragon, North Central Spain
327
Where is Carinena DO?
Aragon, North Central Spain
328
What are the 5 DOs of Galicia?
Rias Baixas, Ribeiro, Valdeorras, Ribeira Sacra and Monterrei
329
Where is Rias Baixas DO?
Galicia, Spain- boarders Portugal, on the coast
330
Where is Ribeiro DO?
Galicia, Spain
331
Where is Valdeorras DO?
Galicia, Spain
332
Where is Ribeira Sacra DO?
Galicia, Spain
333
Where is Monterrei DO?
Galicia, Spain
334
What are the 5 subzones of Rias Baixas?
Val do Salnes, Ribeira do Ulla, Soutomaior, O Rosal and Condado do Tea
335
If a white wine from Rias Baixas is labeled with Val do Salnes or Ribeira do Ulla, what is the grape blend?
Minimum 70% Albarino
336
If a white wine from Rias Baixas is labeled with O Rosal, what is the grape blend?
Minimum 70% combined Albariño and Loureira
337
If a white wine from Rias Biaxas is labeled with Condado do Tea, what is the grape blend?
Minimum 70% combined Albariño and Treixadura
338
What are the authorized white grapes of Rias Baixas?
Albariño, Loureira, Treixadura, Caiña Blanca, Torrontés, Godello
339
Where is Val do Salnes?
It is a northern sub region of Rias Baxias, Galicia, Spain
340
Where is Ribeira do Ulla?
It is a northern sub region of Rias Baxias, Galicia, Spain
341
Where is Soutomaior
It is a sub region of Rias Baxias, Galicia, Spain
342
Where is O Rosal?
It is a southern sub region of Rias Baxias, Galicia, Spain
343
Where is Condado do Tea?
It is a southern sub region of Rias Baxias, Galicia, Spain
344
What river runs along Ribeiro DO in Galacia?
Mino River
345
What is Vino Tostado? Where is it famous?
A dried grape wine from Ribeiro DO. It must be from one of the authorized grapes (red or white) and aged 6 m in oak or cherry casks and then 3 m in bottle. The minimum must weight is 300 g/l, the drying process must take a minimum of 3 m and the RS must meet a minimum of 70 g/l.
346
If a red wine from Ribeira Sacra DO says “Summum” on the label, what does it mean?
The wine will contain a minimum of 60% Mencia and at least 85% of the recommended grapes
347
What is the difference between a red wine labeled Tinto/Tinto Barrica and one labeled Summun?
Summun wines must be at least 85% recommended grapes (with 60% being Mencia) whereas Tinto wines must only be 70% recommended grapes
348
What is Galicia’s eastern most zone?
Valdeorras DO
349
What is the southernmost DO in Galicia?
Monterrei DO
350
What are the 3 DOs of Pais Vasco?
Getariako Txakolina, Bizkaiko Txakolina, and Arabako Txakolina
351
What is the sole red grape of Getariako Txakolina DO?
Ondarrabi Beltza (Hondarribi Beltza)
352
What is Ojo de Gallo?
Rosado wines coming from Getariako Txakolina DO
353
What does the terrain of Castilla y Leon consist of?
Consists of the northern part of the Meseta Central, the mountains that encircle it and the Duero River runs westward through it
354
What are the DOs of Castilla y Leon?
Ribera del Duero, Rueda, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Arribes, Tierra de Leon, Cigales and Bierzo
355
Where is Ribera del Duero DO?
Castilla y Leon
356
Where is Rueda DO?
Castilla y Leon
357
Where is Toro DO?
Castilla y Leon
358
Where is Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO?
Castilla y Leon
359
Where is Arribes DO?
Castilla y Leon
360
Where is Cigales DO?
Castilla y Leon
361
Where is Tierra de Leon DO?
Castilla y Leon
362
Where is Bierzo DO?
Castilla y Leon (Boarders Valdeorras DO in Galicia
363
What are the white grapes of Bierzo DO?
- Recommended: Doña Blanca, Godello
- Authorized: Malvasia, Palomino
364
What are the red grapes of Bierzo DO?
- Recommended: Mencía
- Authorized: Garnacha Tintorera
365
What is the blend for tinto wines from Bierzo DO?
Minimum 70% Mencia
366
Who makes the bottling ‘Corullon’ and what is it?
Alvaro Palacios and Ricardo Palacios -Descendientes de Jose Palacios (est. 1999)- and is extracted old vine Mencia wines sourced from mountainside schist soils
367
What is Ribera del Duero’s flagship estate? When was it started?
Vega Sicilia, founded by Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves who in 1864 began plantings to make brandy
368
What is Vega Sicilia’s benchmark wine?
Unico
369
When did Ribera del Duero receive DO status?
1982
370
Name three estates, other than Vega Sicilia, in Ribera del Duero DO.
Pesquera, Domino de Pingus and Aalto
371
What is Tempranillo known as in Ribera del Duero DO?
Tinto del Pais or Tinto Fino
372
What styles of wine can be made in Ribera del Duero DO?
Reds and Rosado, whites are not permitted
373
What is the required blend for tinto wines from Ribera del Duero DO?
Minimum 75% Tinta del País, Maximum 5% Garnacha and Albillo Mayor
374
What are the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero red wines labeled Crianza?
2 years including one in cask (this differs from general Spain as an additional 6 m aging in cask is required)
375
What are the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero red wines labeled Reserva?
3 years including one in cask (this is the same as general Spain)
376
What are the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero red wines labeled Gran Reserva?
5 years including 2 in cask and 3 in bottle (this differs from general Spain as it requires an additional 6 m in cask)
377
What is dorado?
A dry, fortified, oxidized wine
378
What is Tinto de Toro a synonym for?
Tempraillo- it is a local strain which ripens easily in the extremely hot, dry continental summers of Toro
379
What is the required blend of red wines from Toro DO?
Minimum 75% Tinto de Toro
380
What is clarete?
A lighter style of rose from Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
381
What was the second DOCa to be promoted?
Priorat -DOCa is locally known as DOQ in Catalan
382
What is the soil of Priorat?
Rock-strewn schist soils and llicorella- a mix of black slate and quartzite
383
Where is Priotat DOCa/DOQ
Catalonia (Catalunya)
384
Where is Vi de la Vila found on labels? What does it entail?
Priorat- ◦Village wines are released under the village name followed by “Vi de la Vila” on the label. They must include a min. 60% recommended varieties, or a min. 50% recommended varieties if only one is present
385
What are the allowed red grapes of Priorat DOCa?
- Recommended: Garnacha Tinta, Samsó (Mazuela)
- Authorized: Garnacha Peluda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Tempranillo, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Merlot, Picapoll Negro
386
What are the allowed white grapes of Priorat DOCa?
Garnacha Blanca, Macabeo, Pedro Ximénez, Chenin, Moscatel de Alejandria, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Pansal (Xarel-lo), Picapoll Blanco
387
Where is Priotat DOCa/DOQ
Catalonia (Catalunya)
388
What are the villages of Priorat?
La Morera de Montsant, Gratallops, Bellmunt del Priorat, Escaladei, Porrera, Poboleda, La Vilella Baixa, La Vilella Alta, El Lloar, Masos del Terme de Falset, Solanes del Terme de El Molar, Torroja del Priorat
389
Where is the village of La Morera de Montsant?
Priorat
390
Where is the village of Gratallops?
Priorat
391
Where is the village of Porrera?
Priorat
392
Where is the village of Poboleda?
Priorat
393
Where is the village of Escaladei?
Priorat
394
What are the five original ‘clos’ wines of Priorat?
Clos Mogador, Clos Dofi, Clos Erasmus, Clos de l”Obac and Clos Martinet
395
What is the climate of Priorat?
Warm, Mediterranean
396
Where is Montsant DO?
Catalonia
397
Where is Tarragona DO?
Catalonia
398
Where is Penedes DO?
Catalonia
399
Where is Alella DO?
Catalonia
400
Where is Emporda DO?
Catalonia
401
Where is Pla de Bages DO?
Catalonia
402
Where is Conca de Barbera DO?
Catalonia
403
Where is Terra Alta DO?
Catalonia
404
Where is Costers del Serge DO?
Catalonia
405
Which DO was a subzone of Tarragona until 2002?
Montsant DO
406
What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Monsant DO?
Ull de Llebre
407
Historically, what was Tarragona DO known for?
Wines made in a fortified rancio or mistela fashion
408
What is the smallest subzone of Costers del Serge DO?
Raimat
409
What are the three subzones of Penedes DO?
Alt-Penedes, Medio-Penedes and Baix-Penedes
410
Which region of Catalonia is one of Europe’s highest altitude winegrowing regions?
Alt-Penedes in Penedes DO
411
What grape is best suited to the Alt-Penedes region?
Parellada
412
What grape is best suited to the Medio-Penedes region?
Ull de Llebre
413
What grapes are best suited to the Baix-Penedes region?
Garnatxa and Monastrell
414
What are the allowed grapes of Cava DO?
Parellada, Xarel-lo, Macabeu, Chard, Pinot Noir, Garnacha Tinta, Monastrell, Trepat and Malvasia
415
What are the aging requirements for Cava DO?
9 m on lees for basic bottlings, 15 m for Reserva and 30 m for Gran Reserva
416
What is the only Spanish DO to cover a style rather than a region?
Cava DO
417
What are the two DOs of the Balearic Islands?
Pla i Llevant and Binissalem Mallorca
418
What are the autonomias of Southern Spain?
Murcia, Valencia, Castilla-la Mancha, Madrid, Extremadura, Andalucía, Canary Islands
419
What are the DOs of Valencia?
Valencia, Alicante and Utiel-Requena
420
What is Alicante DO known for?
Dessert wines: a local specialty is Fondillon- a solera-style, oxidative dessert wine produced from overripe Monastrell (Mourvedre) grapes aged for a minimum of 10 years. It is not fortified and carries the flavors of wood
421
What is Utiel-Requena DO known for?
Red wines primarily produced from the Bobal grape and doble pasta is a traditional style.
422
What are the three DOs of Murcia?
Jumilla, Yecla and Bullas
423
What are the soils of Jumilla DO?
Sandy
424
Where is La Mancha DO?
Castilla La Mancha, Southern Spain
425
What was Ribera del Jucar DO once a subzone of?
La Mancha- awarded DO status in 2003
426
What a maximum yields dependent upon in Ucles DO?
Vine age:
◾Vines > 40 years of age: 5,000 kg/ha (en vaso), 8,000 kg/ha (trellis)
◾Vines > 15 years of age: 6,500 kg/ha (en vaso), 9,500 kg/ha (trellis)
◾Vines > 6 years of age: 8,000 kg/ha (en vaso), 11,000 kg/ha (trellis)
◾Red Vines under 6 years of age may not produce Uclés DO wines
427
What are the DOs of Andalucía?
Malaga, Sierras de Malaga, Montilla-Moriles, Condado du Huelva, Jerez-Xeres-Sherry, and Manzanilla Sanlucar de Barrameda
428
What autonomia of Spain never has had Phylloxera?
the Canary Islands
