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Champagne & Sparkling Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

In 1985, what change was made to the Échelle de Crus?

A

A revision set the minimum percentage at 80

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2
Q

Belemnite chalk

A

Derived from fossilized remains of millions of extinct Cephalopods and has a high limestone content

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3
Q

Tete de cuvée of Devaux

A

Cuvée distinction

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4
Q

What percentage of vineyards do merchant houses own in Champagne?

A

Just over 10%

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5
Q

When is the additional acreage added to Champagne forecasted to affect sales?

A

2021

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6
Q

What does Pinot Noir lend to a Champagne blend?

A

Supports the wine’s structure, richness and body

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7
Q

Tete de cuvée of Drappier

(Monoparcel wine of Drappier)

A

Charles de Gaulle; Grande Sendree

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8
Q

What was Dom Pérignon’s lasting contribution to Champagne? Where was he the cellar master?

A

Blending
- Abbey of Hautvillers (1668-1715)

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9
Q

In 2006, what were the yields in Champagne?

A

They surpassed 82hl/ha

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10
Q

What did the winemaking treatise of 1718 highlight?

A

Division of quality between vin de cuvée and vin de taille, when pressing red grapes for white juice

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11
Q

Tete de cuvée of Delamotte

A

Nicolas Louis Delamotte

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12
Q

What does Pinot Meunier mean?

A

“Miller’s” Pinot - in reference to the dusty leaves

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13
Q

Name 4 Champagne producers that disgorge late.

A

Bollinger “RD” (Récemment Dégorge)
Jacquesson “DT” (Dégorgement Tardif)
Dom Pérignon “Oenotheque”
Bruno Paillard

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14
Q

Tete de cuvée of Henri Abele (2)

A

Soirees Parisiennes, La souriere de Reims

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15
Q

Tete de cuvée of Jacquart (2)

A

Cuvee Alpha, Brut de Nominee (discontinued)

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16
Q

What is the mean annual temperature of Champagne?

A

50ºF (10ºC)

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17
Q

Tete de cuvée of Canad Duchene

A

Charles VII brut

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18
Q

What was the first single vineyard Champagne?

A

1935 Philiponnt “Clos de Goisses”

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19
Q

Tete de cuvée of De Castellane

A

Cuvee Commador (No longer produced)

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20
Q

What does RC mean?

A

Recoltant Coopérateur
- A grower whose grapes are vinifed at a cooperative, but sell under his own label

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21
Q

What is the dominant grape of Côte de Sezanne?

A

Chardonnay

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22
Q

Monoparcel wines of Larmandier Bernier (2)

A

VV de Cramant, Terre de Vertus

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23
Q

Tete de cuvée of pannier

A

Egerie

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24
Q

What is the second layer soil that characterizes Champagne’s valley vineyards?

A

Micraster Chalk - name for the extinct sea urchin

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25
Q

Tete de cuvée of Rene Geoffrey

A

Premier cru a Cumieres

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26
Q

How is the majority of German Sekt produced?

A

Tank or Continuous Method

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27
Q

What moderates the amount of land a firm may farm, owned or rented, in Champagne? What is the max hectares?

A

Contrôle Structures
- 15 hectares

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28
Q

Name 6 appellations in France that may be mousseux or pétillant and are produced by the traditional method.

A
  • Vouvray (Chenin Blanc, Orbois)
  • Montlouis-sur-Loire (Chenin Blanc)
  • Saumur (Chenin Blanc)
  • Vin de Savoie
  • Seyssel (Savoie) (10% Altesse, Molette, and Chasselas)
  • Blanquette de Limoux (90% Mauzac, Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc)
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29
Q

Tete de cuvée of Herriot

A

Cuvée des enchanteleurs

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30
Q

Tete de cuvée of Duval-Leroy

A

Femme de Champagne

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31
Q

Tete de cuvée of Devaux

A

Cuvée distinction

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32
Q

What is another name for the Continuous Method?

A

Russian Continuous Method

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33
Q

Monoparcel wine of Egly Ouriet

A

Les Crayeres

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34
Q

Tete de cuvée of Laurent Perrier (2)

A

Grand siecle, grand siecle Alexandra rose

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35
Q

What does CM mean?

A

Coopérative Manipulant
- A growers’ co-operative that produces wine under a single brand

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36
Q

What important houses were founded in the 18th century?

A

Ruinart
Taittinger
Moët et Chandon
Delamotte
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin

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37
Q

Monoparcel wines of Krug (2)

A

Clos du Mesnil, Clos d’ambonnay

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38
Q

Tete de cuvée of Pierre Gimonnet

A

Gastronome

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39
Q

Special club

A

Originated in 1971 with a dozen grower-producers. They are now 24 RM which offer estate bottled, vintage dated wines that represent the pinnacle of each individual growers style. All special club bottles and labels share an identical designs.

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40
Q

What does RC mean?

A

Recoltant Coopérateur
- A grower whose grapes are vinifed at a cooperative, but sell under his own label

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41
Q

What are the responsibilities for the CIVC?

A

Mediating relationships between growers & producers
Oversee production methods and promotion
Regulates the size of the harvest
Authorizes the blocage (reserve) and deblocage (release) of wine/harvest
Safeguards the protected designation of Champagne
Until 1990, they regulated the pricing of the grapes

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42
Q

What percent of grapes must originate from a grower’s own vineyards for RM?

A

95%

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43
Q

When did the INAO decide to meet the burden of demand and broaden the appellation’s area? From what to what?

A

2009
- 319 to 357

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44
Q

What are the steps of Méthode Champenoise?

A

Pressing
Débourbage
Chaptalization
Prim. Fermentation
Clarification
Assemblage
Cold Stabilization
Racking
Bottling (liqueur de tirage)
Prise de Mousse (2nd Ferment)
Autolysis
Pointage
Remuage
Dégorgement
F
Corked w/muselet

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45
Q

What did the Champenoise use to color their wines to compete w/the deeper hues of red Burgundy?

A

Elderberry

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46
Q

In 1992, what did the CIVC set the limit for grape pressing to?

A

102L for 160kg (2,550L for 4,000kg)

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47
Q

Name 7 AOPs for traditional method Crémant in France.

A

Crémant de Bordeaux
Crémant de Bourgogne
Crémant de Loire
Crémant de Limoux
Crémant de Die
Crémant du Jura
Crémant d’Alsace

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48
Q

Tete de cuvée of Salon

A

Le mesnil

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49
Q

Tete de cuvée of Mercier

A

Cuvée Eugene

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50
Q

Tete de cuvée of union champagne

A

(Aka de saint gall) cuvée orpale BdB

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51
Q

Chardonnay adds:

A

Acid, elegance, toasty nutty/ vanilla flavors with age

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52
Q

Pinot noir adds:

A

Body, structure, texture, aroma, length

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53
Q

Types of presses allowed

A

Pneumatic, pressoir de champagne

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54
Q

Micraster chalk

A

Named for a extinct sea urchin

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55
Q

In 2012, what did Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and Pinot Meunier plantings account for in Champagne?

A

Pinot Noir - 38%
Chardonnay - 30%
Pinot Meunier - 32%

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56
Q

Elevage

A

Nv wines must age a min of 15 months from date of tirage. Vintage wines require a minimum of 36 months

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57
Q

6 1er crus of Cote de Blancs (94%+)

A

Bergeres-les-vertus (95%), chouilly (r95%, w100%), cuis (w95%), grauves (w95%), vertus (95%), villeneunve- renneville- chevigny (95%)

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58
Q

Aoc established in…

A

1936

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59
Q

Pointage

A

In the past during lees aging, bottles would be shaken to keep sediment from sticking to the glass

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60
Q

Which Grand Cru is red only? White only?

A

Red - Tours-sur-Marne (Vallée de la Marne)
- White - Chouilly (Côte de Blancs)

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61
Q

When was the CIVC formally established?

A

1941

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62
Q

When did “mousseux” first appear in connotation w/the wines of Champagne?

A

1724

Although Champenoise may have enjoyed intentionally sparkling wines as early as 1700

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63
Q

What does MA mean?

A

Marque d’Acheteur
A “buyer’s own brand”, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label

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64
Q

Describe the continuous method steps.

A

Base wine is pumped through a series of interconnected (continuous) tanks
While undergoing 2nd ferment
Lees accumulate in the first several tanks
Offering a high degree of autolyzed flavors than the standard (tank) method

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65
Q

How long does remuage take?

A

Traditional ~ 8 weeks
- Modern ~ 1 week

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66
Q

What are the Grand Crus of Vallée de la Marne?

A

Aÿ
- Tours-sur-Marne (Red grapes only)

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67
Q

What does Pinot Meunier lend to a Champagne blend?

A

Youthful fruitiness and approachability

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68
Q

What does the Charmat Method emphasize in a sparkling wine?

A

Fruit and varietal aromatics

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69
Q

What is the dominant soil of the Aube?

A

Clay

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70
Q

What are the requirements for Special Club members?

A

Viticulture must occur on the estate (only RM producers may join)
Vinification and bottling must occur on the estate
The “Special Club” is the top-of-the-range, prestige cuvée for all members
Must have identical labels and bottle shape

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71
Q

How many bottles did the Champenoise ship worldwide?

A

338.7 million

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72
Q

Why was the CIVC founded?

A

Built on the framework of the Commissions de Châlons
A broader consortium of growers, producers and shippers
To represent the Champagne industry and protect its interests in the face of Nazi occupation

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73
Q

What are the standard bottle sizes larger than a magnum for Champagne?

A

Jeroboam (3L)
Rehoboam (4.5L)
Methusaleh (6L)
Salmanazar (9L)
Balthazar (12L)
Nebuchadnezzar (15L)
Solomon (18L)

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74
Q

When was Champagne delimited? What region was left out? When was it added?

A

1908
Aube
1927

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75
Q

What is aspersion?

A

A viti technique. A system automatically sprays water on the vines when vineyard temperatures drop below freezing. The frost expands its energy in freezing the water, leaving the delicate shoots and buds safely cocooned in ice.

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76
Q

11 1er crus of Montagne de riems (94%+)

A

Billy-le-grand (95%), chigny-les-roses (94%), ludes (94%). Montbre (94%), Rilly-la-Montagne (94%), taissy (94%), tauxieres-mutry (99%), trepail (95%), trois-puits (94%), vaudemange (95%), villers-marmery (95%)

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77
Q

What size bottles is transvasage permitted for?

A

Smaller than the half bottle and larger than the Jeroboam

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78
Q

What is a reserve wine?

A

Wine kept in reserve from previous years. Used as dosage to make younger wines richer, fuller, and more complex

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79
Q

What does ND mean?

A

Négociant Distributeur
- A middle man company that distributes Champagne it did not make

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80
Q

Who makes Nec-Plus-Ultra?

A

Bruno Paillard (‘90) (NM)

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81
Q

Name 5 RM producers

A

Henri Billiot
Guy Larmandier
Jacques Selosse
Vilmart
Agrapart

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82
Q

Who makes Cuvee Julie?

A

Henri Billot (‘99) (RM)

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83
Q

Name 5 special club members

A

Paul Bara
Gaston Chiquet
Pierre Gimonnet
Henri Goutorbe
Marc Hebrart
Juillet-Lallement
Larmandier
J. Lassalle
A. Margaine
Mousse Fils

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84
Q

How many g/L RS are permitted for Doux?

A

Pre-2010 - 50+g/L
- Current - 50+g/L

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85
Q

Name a producer of Cap Classique.

A

Graham Beck

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86
Q

Who makes Venus Brut Nature?

A

Agrapart (100% Chard) (RM)

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87
Q

What subsoil is pushed to the surface on Champagne’s slopes?

A

Belemnite Chalk

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88
Q

What percentage of the year’s harvest for a single house may be sold as vintage Champagne?

A

max 80%

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89
Q

When was compost fertilizer outlawed in Champagne?

A

1998

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90
Q

What is Ca’ del Bosco’s prestige cuvee?

A

Annamaria Clementi

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91
Q

What are the aging requirements for Franciacorta NV?

A

18 months on lees and cannot be released until 25 months from harvest

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92
Q

Who makes Cuvee Paradis?

A

Alfred Gratien (NM) (NV)

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93
Q

What is the oldest Champagne house still in operation today?

A

Gosset
- Est. in 1584 as a still wine producer

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94
Q

What are the requirements for Franciacorta released as Vintage?

A

(Millesimato) 37 month minimum aging before release and 85% of the grapes must come from the stated year

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95
Q

What are the requirements for Franciacorta Reserva?

A

Must be vintage dated with 5 years on lees and not released until 67 months from harvest

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96
Q

When did Franciacorta receive DOCG status?

A

1995

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97
Q

How many atmospheres of pressure are in a Champagne bottle?

A

5-6

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98
Q

What is the primary grape of the Aube?

A

Pinot Noir

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99
Q

Who makes Cuvee Laetitia?

A

Henri Billiot (RM)

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100
Q

Who makes Coeur de Cuvee?

A

Vilmart (‘89) (RM)

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101
Q

What are the still wines from Franciacorta DOCG zone released as?

A

Either Curtefranca DOC or Sebino IGT

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102
Q

Who makes Cuvee Speciale les Chentillons?

A

Pierre Peters (100% Chard) (‘83) (RM)

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103
Q

What are the requirements for Franciacorta Rose?

A

Minimum 35% Pinot Nero and must be made by blending

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104
Q

What are the sweetness levels for Champagne?

A

Extra Brut
Brut
Extra Dry
Sec
Demi-Sec
Doux

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105
Q

What are the best villages of the Cote de Sezanne?

A

Bethon

Villenauxe-la-Grande

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106
Q

What is Pinot Blanc Vrai?

A

“True” Pinot Blanc, a white form of Pinot Noir

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107
Q

Who released the first Tête de Cuvée?

A

Moët et Chandon’s 1921 “Dom Pérignon” was released in 1936

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108
Q

What is done in Méthode Ancestrale prior to sale?

A

The wine is disgorged, filtered and rebottled in clean glass

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109
Q

What is “sur latte” and “sur point”?

A

“sur latte” - during the 2nd ferment, the bottles are typically horizontal (sur latte)
“sur point” - the bottles are vertical (sur point) at the end of remuage and rested

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110
Q

What is the average vine age in Champagne?

A

20 years - as lowered productivity is undesirable to most houses in Champagne

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111
Q

Who developed the Charmat Method in the late 20th century?

A

Eugene Charmat

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112
Q

What is vin clairs?

A

High-acid base wines with an approximate ABV of 11%

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113
Q

What is bouvreux?

A

A second crop
- When rain interrupts flowering, a bouvreux results, that rarely ripens and is left on the vine

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114
Q

How much does the ABV rise during the second fermentation?

A

~1.2-1.3%

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115
Q

Name 6 countries major Champagne houses have established outposts in.

A

USA
Australia
Argentina
Brazil
New Zealand
Ukraine

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116
Q

What is liqueur de tirage?

A

A mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar and a fining agent that will serve to ignite the 2nd fermentation

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117
Q

What is the prominent grape of Vallée de la Marne?

A

Pinot Meunier (Frost prone region)

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118
Q

What is the first 2,550 L pressed from 4,000kg divided into?

A

vin de cuvée (2,050L)
- vin de taille (500L)

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119
Q

Name 2 other names for the Charmat Method.

A

Cuve Close
- Tank Method

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120
Q

What are the 4 vineyards concerns of Champagne?

A

Frost
Rain
Fungal Disease
Hail

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121
Q

What is a bidule?

A

A plastic capsule that will serve to capture the sediment during remuage

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122
Q

Is a cork used during the second fermentation bottling?

A

Usually a crown cap, a cork sometimes (i.e. for prestige cuvées)

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123
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

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123
Q

How many liters is a Methusaleh?

A

6 L (8 bottles)

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124
Q

How many liters is a Methusaleh?

A

6 L (8 bottles)

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125
Q

What is “les bleus de ville”?

A

Remnants of the blue rags used to ship Parisian compost trash, formerly used for fertilizer

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126
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

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127
Q

What are the two types of dégorgment?

A

Dégorgement à la glace - modern

Dégorgement à la volée - older method
Same, just no freezing, wine is lost

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128
Q

What is the liqueur d’expedition?

A

Dosage - mixture of wine and sugar syrup

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129
Q

What is a Solomon bottle size called in Bordeaux?

A

Melchior

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130
Q

What is a Tête de Cuvée?

A

A prestige cuvée, usually the pinnacle of quality for a producer

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131
Q

Describe Belemnite Chalk.

A

Porous
Derived from the fossilized remains of millions of cephalopods
Absorbing heat to protect the vines at night
Providing excellent drainage

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132
Q

What is the pressing limit for Crémant?

A

100L from 150kg = 2,666L from 4,000kg

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133
Q

What is a pupitre?

A

Two large wooden planks fastened together in an upright “A” shape
Each plank has 60 angled holes cut into it

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134
Q

What is Rosé de Riceys?

A

100% Pinot Noir Rosé
- Produced in Les Riceys (Aube)

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135
Q

What is remuage?

A

Riddling

136
Q

What is an autoclave?

A

A pressurized enamel-lined tank for the 2nd fermentation for the Charmat Method

137
Q

How many liters is a Balthazar?

A

12 L (16 bottles)

138
Q

How many liters is a Nebuchadnezzar?

A

15 L (20 bottles)

139
Q

What is a “marc” of grapes?

A

4,000kg - the amount held in a traditional basket press (coquard)

140
Q

What are the 5 districts of Champagne?

A

Montage de Reims
Vallée de la Marne
Cote de Blancs (the Aube)
Cote de Sézanne
Cote de Blancs

141
Q

What is assemblage?

A

Blending

142
Q

What bottle size was discontinued in 1989? Why?

A

Rehoboam - 4.5L (6 bottles)
- Regulations state bottles must be in liter increments

143
Q

What pruning methods are permitted in Champagne?

A

Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallée de la Marne
Double or Simple Guyot

144
Q

What percentage of the blend must come from the stated vintage?

A

100%

145
Q

What major change in the late 17th century allowed the English to probably have enjoyed the first true sparkling Champagne?

A

The English transferred Champagne from cask to stronger, coal fired glass that could contain the pressure. Previously, wood-fired glass was used

146
Q

What region outside of France is considered a natural continuation of the chalk in Champagne?

A

White Cliffs of Dover (England)

147
Q

What is transvasage?

A

Transfer Method

Remuage is unnecessary, the wine is disgorged into a pressurized tank and filtered
Dosage is added and the wine is transferred to a clean bottle under pressure

148
Q

What is Coteaux Champenois?

A

Still red, white & rosé for the entire appellation of Champagne

149
Q

What is the topsoil of most of Champagne?

A

Sandy and clay

150
Q

What portion of the Champagne sold is produced by growers?

A

Under a quarter

151
Q

What is débourbage?

A

Settling of the must

152
Q

What direction do the vineyards of the Côte de Blancs face?

A

Southeast and east

153
Q

What portion of the Champagne market is NV?

A

3/4th

154
Q

Is all Cava traditional method?

A

yes

155
Q

How many g/L of RS are permitted for Demi-Sec?

A

Pre-2010 - 33-50g/l
- Current - 32-50g/l

156
Q

How many g/L of RS is permitted for Extra Brut?

A

Pre-2010 - 0-6g/l
- Current - 0-6g/l

157
Q

What parallel is Champagne located on?

A

48th

158
Q

What vintage during WWI (1914-1918) was considered one of the finest vintages of the century?

A

1914

159
Q

What was the Commissions de Châlons?

A

Predecessor to the CIVC
Est. in 1935
A consortium of growers and merchants
Formed to develop quality standards and regulate pricing

160
Q

What is a matriculation number?

A

A series of digits that is a unique ID assigned to each producer by the CIVC

161
Q

What is the Prise de Mousse?

A

Second Fermentation

162
Q

How many liters is a Solomon?

A

18L (24 bottles)

163
Q

The early unpredictability of sparkling wines created a need for terminology, what were those terms?

A

Pétillant
Demi-Mousseux (Crémant)
Grand Mousseux

164
Q

What is the “Club Trésors”? When was it organized?

A

Special Club
- 1971

165
Q

How long must NV wines spend on their lees?

A

12 Months

166
Q

What are bourbes?

A

Solids, generally removed by racking prior to fermentation

167
Q

How long must NV wines remain in the cellar? Vintage?

A

15 months
- 36 months

168
Q

How many g/l of RS are permitted for Extra Dry?

A

Pre-2010 - 12-20g/l
- Current - 12-17g/

169
Q

What is a remuer?

A

A riddler

170
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

171
Q

What are the obscure authorized varieties of Champagne?

A

Pinot Blanc Vrai
Arbane
Pinot Gris
Petit Meslier

172
Q

Must a prestige cuvée be vintage?

A

Usually (but not always)

173
Q

What are the still wine appellations of Champagne?

A

Coteaux Champenois
- Rosé de Ricey

174
Q

What coloring methods are permitted for pink Champagne?

A

Saignée
- Blending (more common)

175
Q

How many liters is a Salmanazar?

A

9L (12 bottles)

176
Q

What does SR mean?

A

Société de Récoltants
A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands

177
Q

How many bottles does a gyropalette hold?

A

504

178
Q

From 2010 forward, producers are allowed what margin for g/l RS for styles?

A

+/- 3 g/l of RS

179
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

179
Q

What is the wire cage used to secure the cork called?

A

Muselet

180
Q

How many g/l of RS are permitted for Sec?

A

Pre-2010 - 17-35g/l
- Current - 17-32g/l

181
Q

At what pressure is the Charmat 2nd fermentation stopped? How?

A

Usually 5 atmospheres
- Chilling the wine to arrest the fermentation

181
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

182
Q

Where did Otto Klaebisch, the weinführer, take residence during WWII?

A

Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Estate

183
Q

What does CIVC stand for? When was it founded?

A

Comité Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne
- 1941, by Count Robert-Jean Vogüé of Moët et Chandon

184
Q

What are the 3 extractions in the pressing process called?

A

Vin de cuvée
Vin de taille
Rebêche

185
Q

What are the Grand Crus of Montagne de Reims (north to south)?

A

Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont-sur-Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy (added in 1985)
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay

186
Q

How many g/l of RS is permitted for Brut?

A

Pre-2010 - 0-15g/l
- Current - 0-12g/l

187
Q

How many liters is the extraordinarily rare Primat? What is it also known as?

A

AKA Goliath
- 27L (36 bottles)

188
Q

How long is Asti DOCG required to remain in tank?

A

1 Month

189
Q

What two premier crus have a 99% ranking échelle?

A

Mareuil-sur-Aÿ (Vallée de la Marne)
- Tauxières (Montagne de Reims)

190
Q

Is a dosage allowed for méthode ancestrale wines?

A

No, RS of the finished wines vary by appellation

191
Q

What is rebêche?

A

The third extraction
Required by law and must comprise 1-10% of the total pressing
Used for distillate

191
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

192
Q

What is the Échelle de Crus?

A

A percentile system by which the villages, or crus, of Champagne are rated
Grand Cru = 100%
Premier Cru = 99-90%

193
Q

What does RM mean?

A

Récoltant Manipulant
- A grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate-grown fruit

194
Q

Who released the first brut Champagne? When?

A

Pommery “Nature”
- 1874

195
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

196
Q

What grape is prominent in the Montagne de Reims?

A

Pinot Noir

197
Q

How many liters is a Jeroboam?

A

3L (4 bottles)

198
Q

Name 3 examples of Méthode Ancestrale

A

Bugey de Cerdon
Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale
Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise

199
Q

Who were the major suppliers to domestic markets in France in the 2nd half the 20th century?

A

Co-ops

200
Q

When did Champagne receive AOC status? What is unique about Champagne’s AOC status?

A

1936
- It is the only AOC/AOP that does not need to be included on the label

200
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

201
Q

What are the Grand Crus of the Côte de Blancs (North to South)?

A

Chouilly (White grapes, added in 1985)
Oiry (1985)
Cramant
Avize
Oger (1985)
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger (1985)

202
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

203
Q

What is “pointage”?

A

A brisk shake to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle during remuage
-Newer strains generally preclude the need

204
Q

What is the name of the Veuve Clicquot?

A

Madame Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin

205
Q

Name 2 wineries leading the way in England sparkling wine.

A

Located in Sussex

Ridgeview Estate
Nyetimber

206
Q

How long does the 2nd fermentation last?

A

Up to 8 weeks

207
Q

What is a half bottle called?

A

Demi

208
Q

How many liters is the extraordinarily rare Sovereign?

A

25 L (33.33 bottles)

209
Q

Tete de cuvée of Charles Heidsieck

A

Charlie, Blanc des Millenaires

210
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

211
Q

Tete de cuvée of Deutz (3)

A

Cuvée William Deutz Rose, Cuvée William Deutz, Amour de Deutz

212
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

213
Q

Tete de cuvée of Deutz (3)

A

Cuvée William Deutz Rose, Cuvée William Deutz, Amour de Deutz

214
Q

Tete de cuvée of G. H. Mumm

A

Rene lalou

215
Q

Tete de cuvée of Gosset (2)

A

Celebris

216
Q

Tete de cuvée of Heidsick Monopole

A

Diamant Bleu

217
Q

Tete de cuvée of Jacques Selosse

A

Substance NV

218
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

219
Q

Tete de cuvée of Joseph Perrier

A

Cuvée Josephine

220
Q

Tete de cuvée of Lanson

A

Noble cuvée

221
Q

Tete de cuvée of Louis Roederer

A

Cristal

222
Q

Tete de cuvée of Moët & Chandon (2)

A

Dom perignon, Dom perignon rose

223
Q

Tete de cuvée of Nicolas Feuillate

A

Palm d’or rose

224
Q

Tete de cuvée of Perrier jouet (3)

A

Belle Époque brut, Belle Époque rose, Fleur de Champange

225
Q

Monoparcel wine of Philliponnat

A

Clos des goisses

226
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

227
Q

Tete de cuvée of Piper Heidsieck

A

Rare

228
Q

Tete de cuvée of pol roger

A

Cuvée sir Winston Churchill

229
Q

Tete de cuvée of Pommery (2)

A

Cuvée Louise, cuvée Louise rose

230
Q

Tete de cuvée of Ruinart Pere et Fils

A

Dom Ruinart BdB

231
Q

Tete de cuvée of taittinger (2)

A

Comtes de champagne BdB, comtes de champagne rose

232
Q

Tete de cuvée of Veuve Clicquot (2)

A

La Grande Dame, la grande dame rose

233
Q

Piccolo

A

187 ml

234
Q

Demi

A

375 ml

235
Q

Bottle

A

750 ml

236
Q

Magnum

A

1.5 L (2 bottles)

237
Q

Jeroboam

A

3 L (4 bottles)

238
Q

Methuselah

A

6L (8 bottles)

239
Q

Salmanazar

A

9L (12 bottles)

240
Q

Balthazar

A

12L (16 bottles)

241
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

242
Q

Nebuchadnezzar

A

15L (20 bottles)

243
Q

Solomon

A

18L (24 bottles)

244
Q

Non vintage NV

A

Generally brut in style, represents a house’s signature style, makes up 3/4 of the market

245
Q

Vintage

A

100% from stated vintage but max 80% of a years harvest may be sold as vintage.

246
Q

Blanc de Blancs

A

100% Chardonnay. Very age worthy

247
Q

Blanc de noirs

A

White wine from black grapes. Usually display richness, intensity, and weight although can lack finesse

248
Q

Single vineyard

A

Not required to carry a vintage, although many do. The style represents a stark departure from the blending philosophy of the region.

249
Q

Rosé

A

The traditional saignee method is less common than blending. Champagne is the only AOP in France that allows a rosé wine to be made by blending red and white wine.

250
Q

Saignee method

A

Wine gains its hue through extended skin contact.

251
Q

Remuage

A

Aka riddling, developed by Madame Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin, of veuve clicquot. Allows sediment to easily be removed from a bottle during disgorgement.

252
Q

Climate

A

Atlantic influenced. Cold continental. Coldest/ wettest wine region in the world.

253
Q

Soil(s)

A

Porous belemnite chalk is at the surface of the slopes. Micraster chalk characterizes the valley vineyards. A thin layer of clay and sand cover much of the chalk. But in the Aube clay is the dominate soil type.

254
Q

Grapes permitted

A

Pinot noir, Chardonnay, Pinot meunière, Pinot blanc, Pinot Gris, arbane, petit meslier

255
Q

Where is the village of Ambonnay?

A

Montagne de Reims

256
Q

Vin de cuvee

A

The first 2,050 liters to be extracted from 4,000 kg of grapes.

257
Q

What region in France does not produce an AOP cramant?

A

Provence

258
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

259
Q

Mauzac is the dominant grape of which sparkling wine AOP?

A

Blanquette de limoux

260
Q

Dosage

A

An addition of sugar and wine that determines the wines final sweetness level

261
Q

What is the most southerly region?

A

The Aube

262
Q

What does RM indicate

A

he wine was produced by a grower-producer

263
Q

Method ancestrale

A

Single fermentation begins in the tank but concludes in the bottle

264
Q

Geographic elements

A

Most northerly wine region in France. Hilly. Ardennes hills to the east. Marne and vesle rivers to the north. Aube and seine rivers to the south.

265
Q

Vini/viti

A

High density (6-10k vines/ ha). High yields (12,500). Base ABV 9.5%. Final 12.5%

266
Q

Aging

A

NV- min 15-36 months on lees. Vintage- 36-60 months on lees. Prestige cuvée- 7-10 years on lees

267
Q

Grand crus of Cote des Blancs (N to S)

A

(East facing) chouilly, oiry, cramant, Avize, oger, le mesnil sur oger

268
Q

Grand crus of Montagne de Reims (9) (N to S)

A

Sillery, Puisieulx, Beaumont sir Vesle, Verzenay, Mailly- champagne, Verzy, Louvois, Bouzy, Ambonnay.

269
Q

3 houses known for barrel fermentation

A

Krug, Bollinger, Alfred Gratien

270
Q

Vallee de la Marne grand crus

A

Ay-champagne, tours sur Marne

271
Q

What does ‘echelle des crus’ mean?

A

Price and % of price the growers get for their grapes. Grand cru=100%. Premier cru=90-99%. Deuxieme cru=80-89%

272
Q

3 1er crus of Vallee de la Marne (94%+)

A

Bisseuil (95%), dizy (95%), mareuil-sur-ay (99%)

273
Q

Two 1er crus rated 99%

A

Tauxieres-Mutry (Montagne de Reims). Mareuil-sur-Ay (Vallee de la Marne)

274
Q

Mousseux

A

Fully sparkling wines from a non AOP region, such as vouvray, montlouis-sur-Loire, saumur, vin de savoie, seyssel.

275
Q

Petillant

A

Lightly sparkling wines from a non AOP region, such as vouvray, montlouis-sur-Loire, saumur, vin de savoie, seyssel.

276
Q

Deblocage

A

The release of older vintages of base wines for use in assemblage

277
Q

Blocage

A

The reserve of base wines for the use in future vintages.

278
Q

Debourbage

A

After the pressing the juice the juice is allowed to settle at a cool temperature and the must drops out prior to remuage

279
Q

Name 5 NM producers

A

Billecart Salmon
Bollinger
Alfred Gratien
Bruno Paillard
Pol Roger

280
Q

Name 5 RM producers

A

Henri Billiot
Guy Larmandier
Jacques Selosse
Vilmart
Agrapart

281
Q

Name 2 CM producers

A

Nicolas Feuillatte

Jacquart

282
Q

Who makes Grand Cuvee?

A

Billecart-Salmon (‘82) (NM)

283
Q

Who makes Elisabeth Salmon Rose?

A

Billecart Salmon (‘88) (NM)

284
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

285
Q

Who makes La Grande Annee?

A

Bollinger (NM)

286
Q

Who makes ‘RD’?

A

Bollinger (NM)

287
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

288
Q

Who makes VV Francaises?

A

Bollinger (100% PN) (‘69) (NM)

289
Q

Who makes Celebris?

A

Gosset (NM)

290
Q

Who makes Grand Siecle?

A

Laurent-Perriere (NM) (Usually NV)

291
Q

Who makes La Grande Dame?

A

Veuve Cliquot (Brut & Rose)(‘69; ‘88) (NM)

292
Q

Who makes Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige?

A

Guy Larmandier (100% Chard) (RM)

293
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

294
Q

Who makes Substance?

A

Jacques Selosse (NV) (RM)

295
Q

Who makes Palmes d’or?

A

Nicolas Feuillatte (Brut & Rose) (‘89; ‘96) (CM)

296
Q

Who makes Brut de Nominee?

A

Jacquart (NV) (Vintages declared ‘85-‘90)(CM)

297
Q

Who makes Clos st. Hilaire?

A

Billecart- Salmon (100% PN) (‘95) (NM)

298
Q

Name 3 other sparkling wines using traditional method.

A

Franciacorta
Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico
Cava

299
Q

Where does Roederer have a sparkling wine house in the USA?

A

Anderson Valley

300
Q

Where does Taittinger have a sparkling wine house in the USA?

A

Carneros

301
Q

Where does Moet et Chandon have a sparkling wine house in the USA?

A

Yountville

302
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

303
Q

Where is the Charmant or tank method commonly used?

A

Asti
Prosecco
German Sekt

304
Q

Franciacorta is made with wtih method?

A

Metodo classico

305
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

306
Q

When did Franciacorta receive DOCG status?

A

1995

307
Q

What are the grapes of Franciacorta?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Nero and a minimum of 50% Pinot Bianco

308
Q

What is Saten?

A

A Franciacorta from only white grapes bottled at less than 5 atmospheres of pressure and brut in style

309
Q

What are the requirements for Franciacorta Reserva?

A

Must be vintage dated with 5 years on lees and not released until 67 months from harvest

310
Q

What are the grape requirements for Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?

A

Must be a minimum 70% Pinot Nero and may be labeled varietally if at least 85% Pinot Nero.

311
Q

What are the aging requirements for Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?

A

NV= 15 months on less
Vintage= 2 years on lees

312
Q

What are still wines from Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG released as?

A

Oltrepo Pavese DOC

313
Q

What are the two DOCG zones for Prosecco as of 2009?

A

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG and Asolo Prosecco DOCG

314
Q

What are still wines from Prosecco DOCG released as?

A

Prosecco DOC and called Tranquillo

315
Q

What are the two styles of Prosecco?

A

Frizzante and Spumante

316
Q

What is spumante superior in Prosecco?

A

Fully sparkling iwnes that may be brut-> demi sec in style

317
Q

What is the best cru of Prosecco? What is it released as?

A

Cartizze

Released as Conegliano- Valdobbiadene Superiore di Cartizze

318
Q

What are the requirements for Prosecco DOCG?

A

85% minimum of stated year if released as vintage. 85% Prosecco (glera)

319
Q

German Sekt

A

Typically at Deutschner Wein level but can be QbA if from traditional grapes grown in on of the 13 anbaugebiete of Germany

320
Q

Cap Classique

A

Traditional method sparkling wine from South Africa increasingly using Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

321
Q

When was the term “methode champenoise” banned from all wines sold in the EU that were not from Champagne?

A

1985

322
Q

What is the primary grape variety of Cote des Blancs?

A

Chardonnay

323
Q

What are the best villages of the Cote des Blancs?

A

Cramant
Avize
le Mesnil sur Oger

324
Q

What are the best villages of the Valle de la Marne?

A

Mareuil sur Ay (PN)
Dizy (PN/PM)
Hautvillers (PN/PM)
Cumieres (PM)
Leuvrigny (PM)
Ste-Gemme (PM)

325
Q

What is the best village of the Aube?

A

les Riceys

326
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

327
Q

What is the climate of Champagne?

A

Cold and wet northern climate that is greatly influenced by the Atlantic, which has a cooling effect on the summer and makes seasons more variable. Frost is a major problem during spring and fall.

328
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

329
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

330
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

331
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

332
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

333
Q

What is a muselet?

A

A wire cage used to secure the cork on a Champagne bottle

Advanced Somm CMS (24 decks)

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