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GCSE Edexcel Separate Physics > SP1: Motion > Flashcards

SP1: Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Define scalar

A

Quantities that only have magnitude

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2
Q

Define vector

A

Quantities that have both magnitude and direction

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3
Q

Give three examples of a scalar quantities

A
  • distance
  • temperature
  • mass
  • speed
  • energy
  • density
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4
Q

Give three examples of vector quantities

A
  • displacement
  • force
  • gravity
  • weight
  • velocity
  • acceleration
  • momentum
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5
Q

How is the direction of a vector given?

A

Drawn as an arrow or given in a written description

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6
Q

What does the length of the arrow suggest?

A

The magnitude of the quanitity

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7
Q

What is the equation for speed?

A

distance/time

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8
Q

What is the equation for velocity?

A

displacement/time

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9
Q

Define speed

A

The rate of change of distance

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10
Q

What is the unit for speed?

A

m/s

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11
Q

What is the typical speed for someone who is walking?

A

1.5 m/s

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12
Q

What is the typical speed for someone who is running?

A

3 m/s

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13
Q

What is the typical speed for someone who is cycling?

A

6 m/s

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14
Q

What is the typical speed for someone who is driving?

A

13-30 m/s

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15
Q

What is the typical speed for a train?

A

50 m/s

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16
Q

What is the typical speed for a plane?

A

250 m/s

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17
Q

What are the two measurements needed to calculate speed?

A
  • the distance the object has travelled
  • the time the object took to travel that far
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18
Q

What does a horizontal gradient on the distance-time graph show?

A

The object is stationary

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19
Q

What does a sloping gradient on the distance-time graph show?

A

The object is moving

20
Q

How do we calculate the speed from a distance-time graph?

A

From the gradient of the line

21
Q

What does a steep gradient on a distance-time graph represent?

A

The object is moving fast

22
Q

What is on the x-axis of a distance-time graph?

A

Time

23
Q

What is on the y-axis of a distance-time graph?

A

Distance

24
Q

Define acceleration

A

The rate of change of velocity

25
Q

What are the units for velocity?

A

m/s

26
Q

What is the equation for velocity?

A

displacement/ time

27
Q

What does a negative gradient on a distance-time graph show?

A

The object is moving at a constant speed, but it is going back to its starting point

28
Q

What is the equation for acceleration?

A

(change in velocity)/time

29
Q

When do we know that an object is accelerating?

A
  • when it changes velocity
  • when it changes its distance
30
Q

What is deceleration?

A

Negative acceleration: when an object is slowing down/ moving in the opposite direction

31
Q

What are the units for acceleration?

A

m/s^2

32
Q

What is the typical acceleration for running?

A

2 m/s^2

33
Q

What is the typical acceleration for a family car?

A

1 - 7 m/s^2

34
Q

What is the typical acceleration for a motorbike?

A

1 - 10 m/s^2

35
Q

What is the typical acceleration for a rollercoaster?

A

30-60 m/s^2

36
Q

What is the acceleration in freefall due to Earth’s gravity?

A

9.8 m/s^2 if no other forces, such as air resistance are acting upon the object

37
Q

What does a horizontal line represent on a velocity-time graph?

A

A constant velocity

38
Q

What does the gradient represent in a velocity-time graph?

A

Acceleration

39
Q

What does a downwards sloping line represent on a velocity-time graph?

A

Deceleration

40
Q

What does a line below the horizontal axis represent on a velocity-time graph?

A

The object is travelling in the opposite direction

41
Q

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

A

The distance the object has travelled

42
Q

What is on the x-axis of the velocity-time graph?

A

Time

43
Q

What is on the y-axis of the velocity-time graph?

A

Velocity

44
Q

What equation represents the object in uniform acceleration?

A

(final velocity)^2 – (initial velocity)^2 = 2 × acceleration × distance

45
Q

Why is it that when an object travels in a circle, the velocity is constantly changing despite the constant speed?

A

The direction of the object keeps changing

46
Q

What must act on an object to cause acceleration?

A

A resultant force

47
Q

What resultant force acts in a circular motion which causes the object to accelerate?

A

centripetal force

GCSE Edexcel Separate Physics (18 decks)

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