Some Basics And Limbic Flashcards
Functions of frontal lobe
Problem solving , reasoning , planning and emotional reasoning (frontal lobe is close to cingulate lobe) and personality
Functions of temporal lobe
Hearing, language recognition , emotional memory (it’s close to hippocampus) and remembering and visualising of faces and places
Parietal lobe functions
Somatosensory and 2 point discrimination (links to parietal loop)
Left hemispheric lateralisation
Language
Maths
Logical problem solving
Writing
Right hemispheric lateralisation
Spatial perception
Object identification (touch, taste, smell)
Musical skills
What does limbus mean?
Rim- border between neocortex and hypothalamus
3 steps of emotional processing :
Visceral sensation (due to endocrine and autonomic stimulating- HTHALAMUS)
Motor component - mm of facial expression
Cognitive processing of emotional content and reasoning .
Cingulul meaning
Belt - belt around corpus callosum
Amygdala function and pathology
Adds emotional content to memory (especially fear)
Pathologically links to depression, anxiety and substance abuse
Hippocampus function and pathology
Memory consolidation. Acts as a bridge between short and long term memory. (More likely time remember things with emotional content)
Pathology : anterograde amnesia, schizophrenia (with prefrontal cortex damage)
Alzheimer’s - atrophy of hippocampus and enlarged ventricles
What is the corona radiata?
Tracts of divers entering and leaving neocortex
Corticospinal
Corticobulbar
Coricopontine
What causes Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
BILATERAL lesion to amygdala.
Hyper sexuality
Loss of visual recognition
Hypermetamorphisis
Loss of fear response
What makes up the forebrain ?
Telencephalon and diencephalon
What do the medial and lateral borders of the thalamus sit against?
3rd ventricle -medial
Internal capsule - lateral
Name the 4 types of inputs into thalamus
Visual
Hearing
Touch/proprio
Pain/ temp
What is the intermedullary lamina?
Borders that organise the thalamus
What is processed by the anterior thalamus and where does it project to?
Cingulate cortex
Limbic
Emotional
Recent memory
What does the medial (does one dial) thalamus project to ? And what Input?
Prefrontal cortex
Mood
Emotions
What Info does the lateral aspect of the thalamus receive ?
VA - pre-motor cortex (Movement planning)
VL - Primary motor cortex
VPL - Primary somatosensory
What are typical types of lesions to thalamus and what occurs ?
Stroke or tumour
Thalamic pain
What is another name for the anterior pituitary?
Adenohypophysis
Describe the function of anterior pituitary
NEUROENDOCRINE
Released through hyphoseal portal system to transport inhibit or stimulating factors
Describe posterior pituitary
Releases NEUROSECRETENS
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Afferents into HTHALAMUS
HIPPOCAMPUS via fornix
AMYGDALA via Stria terminalis
Olfactory vis medial forebrain bundle
Mammillary bodies via mammillary peduncles
Retinal ganglion cells via retinohypothalmic tract
Brain stem and spinal cord afferents into HTHALAMUS
Reticular formation
Periaqueductal grey
Solitary nucleus (taste)
Parabrachial nucleus (viscerosensory)
