Pharynx Flashcards
What are the 6 types of muscles in pharynx?
3 constrictors
3 longitudinal
Which way do the constrictors all atach?
anteriorly
where do the 3 constrictors attach?
Pterygomandibular raphe
Hyoid
Thyroid cartilage
What is a common posterior attachment for muscles?
pharyngeal raphe
What is a common posterior attachment for muscles and
where is the pharyngeal tubercle?
Pharyngeal tubercle (occipital bone) Pharyngeal raphe
What nerve innervated the constrictor muscles?
CN X
Where do all 3 longitudinal pharyngeal muscles inser?
phayrngeal wall
Which is the only pharyngeal muscle not to be innervated by vagus?
Stylopharngeus (CN IX)
name the 3 longitudinal pharyngeal muscles
stylo
palato
salpingopharngeous
Talk about etymology behind salpingo-
usually relates to tubes. salpingopharngeuous is a tube like muscle and also attaches to the tympanic tube.
What is the function of stylopharngeus?
Elevates pharynx
What is function of salpingopharyngeous?
Elevate pharynx
What is function of palatopharyngeuous
elevate pahrynx and close oropharyngeal ithmus (mouth opening at back of mouth)
Which two muscles squeeze bolus to back of mouth?
palatoglossus and palatopharyngeal
which 2 muscles seal the nasopharynx?
the two veli palatini muscles
which muscles act to shorten and widen the pharynx?
the longitudinal pharyngeal muscles
which muscles close the larynx?
suprahyoid muscles elevate hyoid bone to do this
how is the bolus then propelled into oesophagus?
constrictor muscles
Name the 3 divisions of the larynx
naso-
oro-
laryngopharynx
Describe the sensory innervation of the larynx segemnts
naso - CN V2
oro - CN IX
Lryno - X
Describe the GSaffernt pathway in the larynx for CN iX and X
CN IX will travel to principle sensory nucleus of trigeminal and spinal nucleus of trigemical before instantly decusatiing through the medial lemniscus pathway to thalamus
Describe GVA of CN IX and X
Carry info to Solitary nucleus
is solitary nucleus affernt or effernt?
Afferent
describe the Effernt pathways of larynx of CN IX and X
synapse in ambiguus and decussate via corticonuclear tract
Where does oesphagus begin and end?
C6 @ cricoid cartilage
T11 ends
name the arteries branching from ext carotid to vascularise pharynx
Facial, maxillary, inferior laryngeal
Which other artery that doesnt branch from common carotid vascularise larynx?
Inferior laryngeal artery, branches from thryocervical.
what are valleculae?
mucosal puches found either side of midline between base of tongue and epiglottus
Whats the piriform recess?
channel between aryeppiglotic fold and thyroid cartilage
allows food and liquids to travel from oral cavity to oesophagus
descrube venous drainage of larynx
pharyngeal venous plexus -> int jugular.
Which longitudinal Mm, opens eustacian tube when yawning?
and what does its name mean?
Salpingopharyngeous
Salipin - trumpet
