Lungs Flashcards
Thoracic arteries (intercostals)
Posterior from aorta Internal thoracic (anterior)
diapragm, 8,10,12
Inf vena cava
Esophagus
Aorta
Innervation of diagpram
Phrenic
Which way do lungs ‘bud’ during featal development
Medially and ventarlly
What produces surfactant and what does it do?
Alvolar sacs
Reduces Surface tension
name the 4 paretial pleura
medistinal
costal
cervical
disphragmatic
name the 3 pleural reflections and which is ‘parasaggital’
diaphragmatic
Vertebral
sternal (parasag)
Dame the two lung recesses
costalmediostinum
costaldiaphragmatic
where is the costaldiaphragmatic recess located?
intercostal space 8-10
Where is the apex of the lungs?
thoracic inlet
Where is the thoracic inlet?
1st rib and munubrium
Name the fissures of the lefr and right lungs
R Horzontal Oblique L Oblique
Area where roots enter lung
hilum
What is the right lung against?
SVC IVC heart Esophagus Azygous
Left lung pressed against
Heart
Aortic arch
esophagus
thoracic aorta
What does the pulmanory ligament form?
double folds of the hilum
Where does bronchus bificate?
T5-T7
Name the 3 segements of bronchi
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary (segmental)
Which bronchi are the LOBAR BRONCHUS?
Secondary
Where is the middle lobar bronchus?
Bronchus IV and V
What is important about lung segments and what operations does it help with?
Can mostly work independently so it allows for segmentectomy of lungs
List the brochiole tree
Trachea Primary Bronchi Secondary Bronchi (2L , 3R) Tertiary bronchi (8L and 10R) Terminal Bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts alveolar sacs Alveoli
How many bronchi generattions/ divisions?
23
Central/ con ducting bronchi
(0-16)
oeriphery/ respiratory zones
(13-23)
Bronchi: divisions
1-10
Bronchioles divisions
11-20
Which have cartilage?
bronchi
Where does smooth muscle start to increase?
in respiartory region
Where do the R bronchial arteries branch from to perfuse the lung and how many?
aorta
2
Where do the L bronchiole arteries branch from to perfuse the lungs and how many are they?
Intercostal artery
1
describe the vascular shunt in lungs
Bronchial artery will join with pulm vein , mixing deoxy and oxy blood.
Parasymp muscarinic receptors
M3
Sympathetic Adrengenic receptors
Beta 2
What neuro transmitter will cholingeric neurons release?
acetylcholine
What has a weak effect on bronchidilation and why?
sympathetic div due to noradrengic based
What is the humoral response to bronchidilation
adrenalin
What causes bronchoconstriction
Vagal parasypm innervation
histamine will constrict aleolar ducts.
