ANS

Question 1

4 ways to seperate sympa and para

Answer 1

Origin site
Fiber length
Glanglia location
Neurotransmitter

Question 2

What is the site of origin for para sympathetic neurone

Answer 2

Cranial and sacral regions

Question 3

Site of origin for sympathetic fibers ?

Answer 3

Thoracolumbar

Question 4

Location of sympathetic ganglia

Answer 4

Sympathetic chain (in perivertebral space ) 1 each side

Prevertebral (collateral) ganglia - found infront of vertebrae , one each level

Adrenal medulla

Question 5

Location of parasympathetic ganglia

Answer 5

Near target effector organ

Question 6

Neurotransmitters of parasympathetic system

Answer 6

Aceytlcholine (pre and post ganglia)

Question 7

Neurotransmitter of sympathetic

Answer 7

Acetyl choline (pre ganglia)

Adrenaline / nor adrenaline or epinephrine / nor epinephrine (post ganglia)

Question 8

Is parasympathetic system typically tonically and physically active ?

Answer 8

TONICALLY

Question 9

Give examples of TONICALLY active parasympathetic functions

Answer 9

Resting heart rate
Tears (eye moisture)
Pupil constriction

Question 10

Examples of phasically active parasympathetic functions

Answer 10

Sexual activity
Crying
Accomodation
Urination

Question 11

General function of parasympathetic cranial nerves

Answer 11

Accomodation.
Secretion
Vasodilation
Pupillary construction

Question 12

Cranial nerves associated with parasympathetic division

Answer 12

CN 3,7,9,10

Question 13

CN VII parasympathetic nucleus and functions

CN X parasympathetic nucleus and functions

Answer 13

VII - superior Salvatory
Lacrimal secretions
Nasal mucosa secretions
Sub Lingual and mandibulae segregation’s

X dorsal nucleus of X
Thoracic and Abs viscera

Question 14

Where are the parasympathetic nucleus in S1-S5 found in spinal cord ?

Answer 14

Intermediate grey zone

Question 15

Where in the spinal cord is the splancic nerves located and what ANS division are they?

Answer 15

S2-S4 Para

Question 16

Plexus inner ages by sympathetic chain (4)

Answer 16

Esophagus
Pulmonary
Cardiac
Pelvic

Question 17

TONICALLY active sympathetic functions

Answer 17

Vasoconstric skin, muscles and gut
Inhibit bladder and gut
Inhibit gut motility

Question 18

Phasically active sympathetic functions

Answer 18

Cardiac output
Sudomotor (sweating)
Pileoerection (goosebumps)
Pupil dilation
Sexual activity

Question 19

Where are the pre ganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic division in intermediate cell column of lateral horn

Answer 19

T1-L3

Question 20

Name the 3 sympathetic ganglions

Answer 20

Trunk ganglion / chain
Prevertebral (collateral) ganglion
Adrenal medulla

Question 21

Name the prevertebral ganglion synapses and arteries

Answer 21

Celiac (GI tract) ganglion - foregut innv.
Superior mesenteric ganglion - mid guy
Inferior mesenteric ganglion - hind gut

Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 22

What system are the superior and inferior hypogastric ganglion associated with?

Answer 22

Urogential system

Question 23

Which spinal cord regions are the splanchnics associated with? And state their ANS division.

Answer 23

Lumbar - sympathetic

Sacra - parasympathetic

Question 24

Name the 4 divisions acting on the pelvis

Answer 24

Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
Somatic
Enteric

Question 25

What is the enteric system ?

Answer 25

The part of ANS that innervates GI tract

The mid brain of the gut

Bowel secretion
Absorption
Motility

Question 26

Type of neurones in enteric system

Answer 26

Motor
Somatic
Inter

Question 27

The 2 plexus associated with enteric . Their location and function

Answer 27

Myenteric - peristalsis . Between longitudinal and oblique muscular mucosa.

Meisseners - deep mucosa layer, secretion

Question 28

Briefly explain the pathways linked to ANS

Answer 28

Contextual info from cortex
Links to limbic and HYPOTHALAMUS

Sensory from somatic and visceral plus chemosensory

Inferred by hypothalamus to somatic and visc motor commands. Plus neuroendocrine secretions