Somatosensory disorders Flashcards
What are the 4 main classes of somatosensory receptors?
Tactile (innocuous) sensations
Proprioception
Thermal sensations
Nociceptive (painful) sensations
What does merkel cells detect?
pressure
form
texture
What does meissners corpuscle detect?
flutter
motion
What does pacinian corpuscle detect?
vibration
deep pressure
What does ruffini endings detect?
stretch
Where are there high levels of sensitivity to 2 point discrimination?
fingertips
face
What detects hot and cold?
Thermoreceptors
What receptor is responsible for a hot taste?
VR1
What is Brown Sequard syndrome?
Hemi cord lesion
an example of dissociated sensory loss
What are the symptoms of Brown Sequard syndrome?
ipsilateral upper motor neuron paralysis and loss of proprioception, contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation
can have horners syndrome
brisk reflexes on ipsilateal side
What are the signs and symptoms of lateral medullary syndrome?
vertigo unsteadiness hoarse voice difficulty swallowing horners loss of pain and temp on contralateral side
What are the signs and symptoms of anterior spinal syndrome?
paraplegia in both legs
lost pain and temperature sensation below the umbilicus
What are the signs and symptoms of right thalamic infarct?
loss of sensation on contralateral side of the body including face
deep aching pain on the contralateral side
What people are at risk of a right thalamic infarct?
smoking
high blood pressure
diabetes
What is syringomyelia?
expansion of the spinal cord
rate
affects crossing fibres first - pain and temp
later can cause paralysis and root lesions
What are the causes of peripheral neuropathy?
Diabetes mellitus Autoimmune (Guillain-Barre, CIDP, vasculitis) Toxic (including drugs) Vitamin deficiency Paraneoplastic Chronic kidney, liver disease Inherited (Charcot-marie-Tooth disease)
What is subacute combined degeneration?
degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord
Caused by B12 deficiency
associated with anti-parietal cell antibodies
Weakness of legs, arms, trunk, tingling and numbness that progressively worsens Vision changes and change of mental state may also be present
