Somatic Reflexes

Question 1

What is the functional unit of the nervous system?

Answer 1

neuron

Question 2

what does the neuron consist of?

Answer 2

cell body, dendrites, and axon

Question 3

what is another name for the cell body of a neuron?

Answer 3

soma

Question 4

what consists of the cell body in a neuron?

Answer 4

nucleus and metabolic center

Question 5

what is the role of the axon?

Answer 5

transmits an impulse to another neuron or effector organ.

Question 6

what is the axon often surrounded by?

Answer 6

an insulating myelin sheath

Question 7

what does the myelin sheath do?

Answer 7

increases the speed of an impulse

Question 8

how do neurons communicate with each other?

Answer 8

via synapses

Question 9

what does the nervous system do?

Answer 9

coordinates all voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals to and from different parts pf the body.

Question 10

where is the central nervous system located?

Answer 10

brain and spinal cord

Question 11

what is the nervous system consisted of?

Answer 11

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Question 12

peripheral nervous system

Answer 12

nerves that extend outside of the brain and spinal cord peripherally

Question 13

what two subdivisions is the PNS divided into?

Answer 13

somatic nervous system (SNS) and Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 14

what does the SNS do?

Answer 14

innervates voluntary skeletal muscles and relays sensory information from the skin, muscles and joints.

Question 15

what does the ANS do?

Answer 15

innervates glands and smooth cardiac muscle and relays sensory information as part of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 16

what are the neurons of the PNS?

Answer 16

sensory neuron and motor neuron

Question 17

how is a spinal nerve of the PNS formed?

Answer 17

via a combination of both sensory neuron axons and motor neuron axons

Question 18

what is a spinal nerve also known as? why?

Answer 18

mixed nerve because it contains both types of axons (sensory neuron axon and motor neuron axon)

Question 19

how many paris of spinal nerves do humans have?

Answer 19

31 pairs

Question 20

what are the regions of the vertebral column?

Answer 20

cervical(8) , thoracic (12), lumbar(5), sacral(5) and coccygeal (1).

Question 21

what are the two ascending pathways?

Answer 21

spinothalamic tract and the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract

Question 22

what is the descending motor pathway?

Answer 22

corticospinal tract (pyramidal) and extrapyramidal

Question 23

what are the 5 components of a reflux arc?

Answer 23

receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, and effector

Question 24

what are types of refluxes?

Answer 24

autonomic reflux and somatic reflux

Question 25

what are two types of somatic reflux arcs?

Answer 25

monosynaptic and polysynaptic