sensory reception

Question 1

perception

Answer 1

conscious interpretation of the world based on the sensory systems, memory, and other neural processes.

Question 2

what are the 4 types of sensory neurons that
carry impulses from sensory receptor to the CNS for interpretation?

Answer 2

general somatic sensory neurons
special somatic sensory neurons
general visceral sensory neurons
special visceral sensory neurons

Question 3

what does general somatic sensory neurons do?

Answer 3

transmit somesthetic information (e.g., pain, pressure, temperature) from receptors associated with the integument and proprioceptive information (e.g., body position and movement) from receptors associated with skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.

Question 4

what does special somatic sensory neurons do?

Answer 4

transmit visual, auditory, and equilibrium information from the eye and inner ear.

Question 5

general visceral sensory neurons

Answer 5

transmit information associated with the body
viscera (e.g., pain, stretch, pH, O2 , CO2 levels, etc.)

Question 6

special visceral sensory neurons

Answer 6

transmit olfactory and gustatory information from the nasal cavity and tongue.

Question 7

Sensory receptors

Answer 7

specialized structures that detect energy stimuli, known as modality, from the environment.

Question 8

what does The “Law of Specific Nerve Energies” state?

Answer 8

states that any given sensory receptor is specific for a particular modality.

Question 9

what is the function of the sensory receptor?

Answer 9

to convert a modality into a change in the receptor’s membrane potential (difference in charge across the plasma membrane at any moment in time).

Question 10

what is the conversion process of modality called?

Answer 10

sensory transduction

Question 11

If the receptor’s membrane potential reaches a specific___________, an action potential is generated in the associated _________ ________ (thereby transmitting information about the stimulus to the CNS).

Answer 11

threshold, sensory neuron

Question 12

T/F: A receptor may by a specialized ending of the sensory neuron or a separate cell from the sensory neuron (thus requiring neurotransmitters to communicate).

Answer 12

T

Question 13

T/F: A sensory unit consists of a single sensory neuron and all the receptors associated with
it.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

receptive field

Answer 14

The area over which an adequate modality can elicit a response (i.e., an action potential in the sensory neuron).

Question 15

what does sensory coding allow for?

Answer 15

allows the nervous system to identify the type, intensity, and location of a particular stimulus.

Question 16

what is the type of stimulus coded by

Answer 16

the specific receptor and region of the brain that is activated when the stimulus present

Question 17

what is the intensity of the stimulus coded by?

Answer 17

• the frequency of action potentials generated by a sensory neuron
• by the number of activated receptors associated with that sensory neuron

Question 18

slow adapting receptors

Answer 18

tonic

Question 19

rapid adapting receptors

Answer 19

phasic

Question 20

slow adapting receptors can…

Answer 20

function over a long period of time

Question 21

rapid adapting receptors adapt quickly and are best in….

Answer 21

detecting changes in stimulus intensity