Somatic Dysfuction And Barriers Flashcards
First tenet of Osteopathic Medicine
The person is a unit of body, mind and spirit
Second Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine
Body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing, and health maintenance
Third Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine
Structure and Function are reciprocally interrelated
Fourth Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine
Rational treatment is based upon understanding and implementing the other 3 tenets
Somatic Dysfunction
Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic system
Skeletal, Anthrodial, Myofascial structures and their related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements
Treatable using osteopathic manipulative treatment
Acute Somatic Dysfunction
Immediate or short term impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system
Characterized by: VASODILATION, EDEMA, tenderness, pain, tissue contraction
Chronic somatic dysfunction
Impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system
characterized by: ITCHING, FIBROSIS, PARESTHESIAS, tenderness, tissue contraction
What is the acronym for Diagnostic Criteria for somatic dysfunction
T.A.R.T
What does T.A.R.T stand for?
Tissue texture abnormalities
Asymmetry of structure or motion
Restriction of motion
Tenderness
AROM
Active Range of Motion
What the patient does
PROM
Passive Range of Motion
What the physician does to the patient
Tissue Texture Abnormality
A palpable Change in tissues from skin to periarticular structures
Types: bogginess, thickening, stringiness, rosiness, firmness, temperature change, moisture change
Bogginess
Tissue texture abnormality
Palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue, wet, spongy, sinks in
Usually due to congestion due to increased fluid content
Signs of Tissue Texture abnormality
Vasodilation, edema, flaccidity, hypertonicity, contracture, fibrosis
Symptoms of Tissue Texture Abnormality
Itching, pain, tenderness, paresthesias
Asymmetry
Absence of symmetry of position or motion
Anatomic Barrier
The limit of motion imposed by Anatomic structure; the limit of passive motion
The furthest the physician can take the patients movement
Physiological barrier
The limit of active motion, the limit of the movement of the patient on their own
Elastic Barrier
The range between the physiological and Anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs before tissue disruption
Restrictive/Pathological Barrier
A functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiological range
Tender points
Small discrete hypersensitive areas within Myofascial structures that result in localized pain
Trigger point
Small discrete hypersensitive areas within Myofascial structures - Palpation causes referred pain away from the site
Indications
Somatic dysfunction and or visceral dysfunction
Adverse reactions
Soreness similar to workout or massage soreness and other symptoms similar to an acute illness; exacerbation of current physical complaints
Precautions
Cancer; frailty to severity of disease, youth, and or elderly
Recommendations
Rest (1-4 day as); hydration (1-2 liters/days for otherwise healthy individuals)
Contraindications
Different techniques have different contraindications
Direct Techniques
Method of action engage the restrictive barrier directly
Indirect techniques
Method of action involve positioning away from the restrictive barrier
OMT Techniques
Direct
Indirect
Combination of the two
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT)
The therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction
Employs a variety of techniques
Homeostasis
The level of well being of an individual maintained by internal physiologic harmony that is the result of a relatively stable state or equilibrium among the interdependent body functions
Tone
Normal feel of muscle in the relaxed state
Hypertonicity
At the extreme, spastic paralysis
Hypotonicity
Flaccid paralysis when no tone at all
Contraction
Normal tone of a muscle when it shortens or is activated against resistance
Contracture
Abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis.
Most often in the tissue itself, often result of chronic condition. Muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length
Spasm
Abnormal contraction maintained beyond physiologic need. Most often sudden and involuntary muscular contraction that results in abnormal motion and is usually accompanied by pain and restriction of normal function
Ropiness
Hard, firm, rope like or cord like muscle tone.
Usually indicates a chronic condition
