Somatic Dysfuction And Barriers

Question 1

First tenet of Osteopathic Medicine

Answer 1

The person is a unit of body, mind and spirit

Question 2

Second Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine

Answer 2

Body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing, and health maintenance

Question 3

Third Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine

Answer 3

Structure and Function are reciprocally interrelated

Question 4

Fourth Tenet of Osteopathic Medicine

Answer 4

Rational treatment is based upon understanding and implementing the other 3 tenets

Question 5

Somatic Dysfunction

Answer 5

Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic system

Skeletal, Anthrodial, Myofascial structures and their related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements

Treatable using osteopathic manipulative treatment

Question 6

Acute Somatic Dysfunction

Answer 6

Immediate or short term impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system

Characterized by: VASODILATION, EDEMA, tenderness, pain, tissue contraction

Question 7

Chronic somatic dysfunction

Answer 7

Impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system

characterized by: ITCHING, FIBROSIS, PARESTHESIAS, tenderness, tissue contraction

Question 8

What is the acronym for Diagnostic Criteria for somatic dysfunction

Answer 8

T.A.R.T

Question 9

What does T.A.R.T stand for?

Answer 9

Tissue texture abnormalities

Asymmetry of structure or motion

Restriction of motion

Tenderness

Question 10

AROM

Answer 10

Active Range of Motion

What the patient does

Question 11

PROM

Answer 11

Passive Range of Motion

What the physician does to the patient

Question 12

Tissue Texture Abnormality

Answer 12

A palpable Change in tissues from skin to periarticular structures

Types: bogginess, thickening, stringiness, rosiness, firmness, temperature change, moisture change

Question 13

Bogginess

Answer 13

Tissue texture abnormality

Palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue, wet, spongy, sinks in

Usually due to congestion due to increased fluid content

Question 14

Signs of Tissue Texture abnormality

Answer 14

Vasodilation, edema, flaccidity, hypertonicity, contracture, fibrosis

Question 15

Symptoms of Tissue Texture Abnormality

Answer 15

Itching, pain, tenderness, paresthesias

Question 16

Asymmetry

Answer 16

Absence of symmetry of position or motion

Question 17

Anatomic Barrier

Answer 17

The limit of motion imposed by Anatomic structure; the limit of passive motion

The furthest the physician can take the patients movement

Question 18

Physiological barrier

Answer 18

The limit of active motion, the limit of the movement of the patient on their own

Question 19

Elastic Barrier

Answer 19

The range between the physiological and Anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs before tissue disruption

Question 20

Restrictive/Pathological Barrier

Answer 20

A functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiological range

Question 21

Tender points

Answer 21

Small discrete hypersensitive areas within Myofascial structures that result in localized pain

Question 22

Trigger point

Answer 22

Small discrete hypersensitive areas within Myofascial structures - Palpation causes referred pain away from the site

Question 23

Indications

Answer 23

Somatic dysfunction and or visceral dysfunction

Question 24

Adverse reactions

Answer 24

Soreness similar to workout or massage soreness and other symptoms similar to an acute illness; exacerbation of current physical complaints

Question 25

Precautions

Answer 25

Cancer; frailty to severity of disease, youth, and or elderly

Question 26

Recommendations

Answer 26

Rest (1-4 day as); hydration (1-2 liters/days for otherwise healthy individuals)

Question 27

Contraindications

Answer 27

Different techniques have different contraindications

Question 28

Direct Techniques

Answer 28

Method of action engage the restrictive barrier directly

Question 29

Indirect techniques

Answer 29

Method of action involve positioning away from the restrictive barrier

Question 30

OMT Techniques

Answer 30

Direct
Indirect
Combination of the two

Question 31

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT)

Answer 31

The therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction

Employs a variety of techniques

Question 32

Homeostasis

Answer 32

The level of well being of an individual maintained by internal physiologic harmony that is the result of a relatively stable state or equilibrium among the interdependent body functions

Question 33

Tone

Answer 33

Normal feel of muscle in the relaxed state

Question 34

Hypertonicity

Answer 34

At the extreme, spastic paralysis

Question 35

Hypotonicity

Answer 35

Flaccid paralysis when no tone at all

Question 36

Contraction

Answer 36

Normal tone of a muscle when it shortens or is activated against resistance

Question 37

Contracture

Answer 37

Abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis.

Most often in the tissue itself, often result of chronic condition. Muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length

Question 38

Spasm

Answer 38

Abnormal contraction maintained beyond physiologic need. Most often sudden and involuntary muscular contraction that results in abnormal motion and is usually accompanied by pain and restriction of normal function

Question 39

Ropiness

Answer 39

Hard, firm, rope like or cord like muscle tone.

Usually indicates a chronic condition