Solubility

Question 1

Basic definition of a solution?

Answer 1

homogeneous mixture

Question 2

Always soluble compounds

Answer 2

nitrate, acetate, chlorate, perchlorate

Question 3

Always soluble in water

Answer 3

alkali metal salts and Ammonium (NH4+)

Question 4

Halides are always soluble except:

Answer 4

Ag, Pb, Hg

Question 5

Sulfates are always soluble except:

Answer 5

Ca, Sr, Pb, Ba

Question 6

Hydroxide and metal oxides are always insoluble except:

Answer 6

Ca, Sr, Pb, Ba

Question 7

Always insoluble except with alkali salts or ammonium:

Answer 7

phosphate, carbonate, sulfite, sulfide

Question 8

What is the effect of temperature on solubility in endo vs exothermic reaction?

Answer 8

Endothermic: incr temp increases solubility

Exothermic: incr temp decreases solubility

Question 9

Units of solubility

Answer 9

g/mL

Question 10

what is an example of dissolution reaction?

Answer 10

usu endothermic: heat input

• all dissolutions increase pressure
• rare: exothermic > release heat

Question 11

How does normality of acid or base releate to its molarity?

Answer 11

• should be equal

Question 12

What is molality?

Answer 12

moles solute/ kg solvent

- 1 L = 1 Kg

Question 13

Normality

Answer 13

equiv / L of solution

• N acid and base are equal to molarity
• multiple molarity times amount of H+/OH- per molecule

Question 14

what are colligative properties?

Answer 14

change concentration of solution

- freezing point, boiling point, concentration

Question 15

what is the common ion effect?

Answer 15

incr in solubility of common ion lower solubility, due to already present

• think le chatelier’s and whwere the ion ins coming from
• can use coordinated complex to bind with other ion or influence

Question 16

Salting in vs Salting out

Answer 16

Initially: adding more salt increases solubility = salting in (salt conc not too high)

Later on: salt conc high > adding more salt decreases solubility = salting out