Acid-Base Chemistry

Question 1

3 ways to define Acid:

Answer 1

Arrhenius: dissociate to form H+ ions

B-L: Acid is a proton donor

Lewis: Acid is electron acceptor

Lewis: Acid acceptor

Question 2

3 ways to define Base:

Answer 2

Arrhenius: dissociate to form OH- ions

B-L: Base is proton acceptor

Lewis: Base is electron donor

Question 3

What is amphoteric and what are some EX

Answer 3

• either accept or donate a proton

- EX: water, amino acids

Question 4

What is Kw?

Answer 4

1E-14: only at room temp, 35C

• temp dependent
• directly prop to temp, however H+ and OH- are equal in water
• water is neutral at any temp, however its pH might not be 7

Question 5

Why does large Ka or Kb relate ot strong acid or base respectively?

Answer 5

parent acid or base is in denominator
- ions are the numerator

Ka = H+ A- / HA

• thus a large Ka has ion products in higher concentrations > dissociates more readily
• dissociate less readily, hold on to proton

Question 6

Strong acids

Answer 6

HBR, I, HCl (halogens)

HNO3 and H2SO4

HClO3 and HClO4

Question 7

Strong bases

Answer 7

OH of alkali earth metals: NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH2)

• NH2-, H-, CH3O-, CH3CH2O0, (CH3)3CO-, C2H5ONa

Question 8

Acid-Base Common Ion Effect

Answer 8

Acid to Acid: Acid ionizes less
Acid to base: Acid ionizes more

Base to Base: Base ionizes less
Base to Acid: base ionizes more

Question 9

what does “-p”

Answer 9

-log

Question 10

Pka + pkb =

Answer 10

14