Solubilities

Question 1

Carboxylic acids

Answer 1

Soluble- due to hydrogen bonds between acid and water molecules

Solubility decreases as hydrocarbon chain length increased and polar effect of carboxyl group I reduced

Question 2

Alcohols

Answer 2

Soluble - hydrogen bond to water molecules

Solubility decreases as chain length increased and the effect of the VDW due to chain length increased

Question 3

Amides

Answer 3

Soluble hydrogen bond to. Water molecules. Solubility decreases as hydrocarbon chain length increased and the polar effect of the amide group decreases

Question 4

Amino acids

Answer 4

Soluble due to ionic properties- strong. Attractions between polar water molecules and zwitterions

Question 5

Amines

Answer 5

Soluble hydrogen bond to water molecules

Question 6

Aldehydes and ketones

Answer 6

Can’t hydrogen bond with themselves but can hydrogen bond to water molecules so are soluble- solubility decreases with chain length…..1 of the positive hydrogens in H2O is attracted to the LP on the O of the aldehyde or ketone which forms a hydrogen bond

Also VDW occur between ald or ket and water